The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Intervention in Chronic Kidney Disease: Calls-to-Action from Nephrologists Based Mainly in Central/Eastern Europe.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a global prevalence of 9.1-13.4%.

Automated Peritoneal Dialysis With Remote Patient Monitoring: Clinical Effects and Economic Consequences for Poland.

Objectives: Remote patient monitoring (RPM) of patients treated with automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) at home allows clinicians to supervise and adjust the dialysis process remotely. This study aimed to review recent scientific studies on the use of RPM in patients treated with APD and based on extracted relevant data assess possible clinical implications and potential economic value of introducing such a system into practice in Poland.

Methods: A systematic literature review was performed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases.

Distribution, preparedness and management of Ukrainian adult refugees on dialysis-an international survey by the Renal Disaster Relief Task Force of the European Renal Association.

Background: Due to the Russian-Ukrainian war, some of the about 10 000 adults requiring dialysis in Ukraine fled their country to continue dialysis abroad. To better understand the needs of conflict-affected dialysis patients, the Renal Disaster Relief Task Force of the European Renal Association conducted a survey on distribution, preparedness and management of adults requiring dialysis who were displaced due to the war.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was sent via National Nephrology Societies across Europe and disseminated to their dialysis centers.

COVID-19 vaccination reduces mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) have a very high risk of death in the course of COVID-19. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination to reduce the incidence of COVID-19 and the fatality rate in HD patients. A retrospective registry-based cohort study was performed in all HD adult patients in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Comparing definitions of data and information in data protection law and machine learning: A useful way forward to meaningfully regulate algorithms?

The notion of information is central to data protection law, and to algorithms/machine learning. This centrality gives the impressions that algorithms are just yet another data processing operation to be regulated. A more careful analysis reveals a number of issues.

Chronic Kidney Disease and Heart Failure-Everyday Diagnostic Challenges.

Is advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) a cardiac "no man's land"? Chronic heart failure (HF) is widely believed to be one of the most serious medical challenges of the 21st century. Moreover, the number of patients with CKD is increasing. To date, patients with estimated glomerular filtration rates <30 mL/min/1.

Inhibitors of sodium-glucose transport protein 2: A new multidirectional therapeutic option for heart failure patients.

Several mechanisms have been suggested to explain positive cardiovascular effects observed in studies with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. The reduction in glucose reabsorption in proximal tubuli induced by SGLT2 inhibitors increases urinary glucose and sodium excretion resulting in increased osmotic diuresis and consequently in decreased plasma volume, followed by reduced preload. In addition, the hemodynamic effects of SGLT2 inhibition were observed in both hyper and euglycemic patients.

Underdiagnosis of Major Depressive Episodes in Hemodialysis Patients: The Need for Screening and Patient Education.

This article aims to identify the reasons why patients with major depressive episode (MDE) do not seek treatment for their mental disorder. 89 out of 208 persons screened were diagnosed with major depressive episode using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. 85 individuals with untreated depression filled out the following questionnaires: Beck Depression Inventory, List of Explanations of Well-Being (LEWB), Brief Measure to Assess Perception of Self-Influence on the Course of the Disease, Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, Brief Method of Evaluating Coping with Disease, and Metacognitions Questionnaire.

Brine-driven destruction of clay minerals in Gale crater, Mars.

Mars' sedimentary rock record preserves information on geological (and potential astrobiological) processes that occurred on the planet billions of years ago. The rover is exploring the lower reaches of Mount Sharp, in Gale crater on Mars. A traverse from Vera Rubin ridge to Glen Torridon has allowed to examine a lateral transect of rock strata laid down in a martian lake ~3.

Extremely high mortality rates among hemodialysis patients with COVID-19 before the era of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: results from a large database from the North of Poland.

Introduction: Preliminary reports suggested high incidence and mortality rates of SARS‑ CoV 2 infection in patients receiving kidney replacement therapy.

Objectives: We aimed to describe the incidence and outcomes of COVID‑ 19 in hemodialysis patients.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study on the incidence and mortality of COVID‑ 19 in hemodialysis patients as compared with the general adult population in the period from the beginning of the pandemic until the commencement of the SARS‑ CoV 2 vaccination program.

Evidence for Multiple Diagenetic Episodes in Ancient Fluvial-Lacustrine Sedimentary Rocks in Gale Crater, Mars.

The rover's exploration of rocks and soils in Gale crater has provided diverse geochemical and mineralogical data sets, underscoring the complex geological history of the region. We report the crystalline, clay mineral, and amorphous phase distributions of four Gale crater rocks from an 80-m stratigraphic interval. The mineralogy of the four samples is strongly influenced by aqueous alteration processes, including variations in water chemistries, redox, pH, and temperature.

Mars Science Laboratory Observations of Chloride Salts in Gale Crater, Mars.

The Mars Science Laboratory rover is traversing a sequence of stratified sedimentary rocks in Gale crater that contain varied eolian, fluviodeltaic, and lake deposits, with phyllosilicates, iron oxides, and sulfate salts. Here, we report the chloride salt distribution along the rover traverse. Chlorine is detected at low levels (<3 wt.

FRAX prognostic and intervention thresholds in the management of major bone fractures in hemodialysis patients: A two-year prospective multicenter cohort study.

Purpose: The usefulness of FRAX in predicting major bone fractures in patients with end-stage kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis treatment has been confirmed in previous studies. For meaningful clinical use, the prognostic and intervention FRAX thresholds need to be established.

Methods: The primary aim of our study was to calculate the optimal cut-off point of FRAX for the best prediction of an increased bone fracture risk in dialysis patients and additionally, to propose its intervention threshold, indicating the need for antifracture pharmacological treatment.

Clay mineral diversity and abundance in sedimentary rocks of Gale crater, Mars.

Clay minerals provide indicators of the evolution of aqueous conditions and possible habitats for life on ancient Mars. Analyses by the Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity show that ~3.5-billion year (Ga) fluvio-lacustrine mudstones in Gale crater contain up to ~28 weight % (wt %) clay minerals.

Chemistry, mineralogy, and grain properties at Namib and High dunes, Bagnold dune field, Gale crater, Mars: A synthesis of Curiosity rover observations.

The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover performed coordinated measurements to examine the textures and compositions of aeolian sands in the active Bagnold dune field. The Bagnold sands are rounded to subrounded, very fine to medium sized (~45-500 μm) with ≥6 distinct grain colors. In contrast to sands examined by Curiosity in a dust-covered, inactive bedform called Rocknest and soils at other landing sites, Bagnold sands are darker, less red, better sorted, have fewer silt-sized or smaller grains, and show no evidence for cohesion.

Redox stratification of an ancient lake in Gale crater, Mars.

In 2012, NASA's Curiosity rover landed on Mars to assess its potential as a habitat for past life and investigate the paleoclimate record preserved by sedimentary rocks inside the ~150-kilometer-diameter Gale impact crater. Geological reconstructions from Curiosity rover data have revealed an ancient, habitable lake environment fed by rivers draining into the crater. We synthesize geochemical and mineralogical data from lake-bed mudstones collected during the first 1300 martian solar days of rover operations in Gale.