Associations of cytomegalovirus infection with cancer-related cognitive impairment and peripheral neuropathy in ovarian cancer survivors.

Objective: To assess the associations between active CMV infection and patient-reported symptoms of cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and peripheral neuropathy in ovarian cancer survivors.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among individuals with a diagnosis of ovarian cancer, primary peritoneal cancer, or fallopian tube cancer from academic and community cancer clinics at any time point after completion of front-line chemotherapy. Participants completed a one-time survey and provided a blood sample.

SAMD1 suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) poses a significant threat due to its tendency to evade early detection, frequent metastasis, and the subsequent challenges in devising effective treatments. Processes that govern epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PDAC hold promise for advancing novel therapeutic strategies. SAMD1 (SAM domain-containing protein 1) is a CpG island-binding protein that plays a pivotal role in the repression of its target genes.

Bovine oocyte activation with bull or human sperm by conventional ICSI and Piezo-ICSI: Its relationship with PLCɀ activity.

Background: The intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique has low efficiency in cattle. This has mainly been attributed to the oocyte activation failure due to oocyte and/or sperm factors.

Aim: Our aim was to evaluate the effect of conventional ICSI and Piezo-ICSI with bull or human sperm on bovine oocyte activation and embryo development and to assess its relationship with the phospholipase C zeta (PLCɀ) activity of both species.

IRF2BP2 counteracts the ATF7/JDP2 AP-1 heterodimer to prevent inflammatory overactivation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy characterized by abnormal proliferation and accumulation of immature myeloid cells in the bone marrow. Inflammation plays a crucial role in AML progression, but excessive activation of cell-intrinsic inflammatory pathways can also trigger cell death. IRF2BP2 is a chromatin regulator implicated in AML pathogenesis, although its precise role in this disease is not fully understood.

Quantification of low-level human cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus DNAemia by digital PCR.

Background: Digital PCR (dPCR) can quantify cell-free viral DNA (DNAemia), a biomarker of active viral infection. To accelerate epidemiologic investigation into low-level viral reactivation in chronic disease, we have evaluated the performance of dPCR to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNAemia across platforms and blood matrices.

Methods: The droplet-based (BioRad) dPCR platform performance was compared to chip-based (BioMark), and assay validation followed dMIQE guidelines.

A Combination of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Glutamic Acid, Calcium, Thiamine, Pyridoxine, and Cyanocobalamin vs Ginger Extract in the Management of Chronic Motion Sickness: A Clinical Evaluation.

Background: Motion sickness (kinetosis) is a common and temporarily incapacitant ailment, manageable with behavioral as well as pharmacological measures.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of a combination of gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamic acid, calcium, thiamine, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin (Group A) (n = 170) and extract of (ginger) (Group B) (n = 165) in the management of chronic complaints consistent with motion sickness.

Methods: Both groups were tested according to the following end points, under self-paired as well as comparative study designs: reduction of ≥20 score points in the total motion sickness assessment questionnaire (MSAQ) score, percentage of patients presenting a reduction of the total MSAQ score, absolute MSAQ score reduction, physician's assessment scores, final overall assessment of study medication, and willingness to continue treatment.

Prevalence of active cytomegalovirus infection at diagnosis of ovarian cancer and during chemotherapy and subsequent changes in cognitive functioning.

Purpose: One of the most frequently reported effects of cancer and its treatments is cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI). Viral infections may affect inflammation and immune function and therefore may influence patient symptoms, including CRCI. The goal of this study was to describe the prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections at diagnosis, during, and after chemotherapy in individuals with ovarian cancer and explore CMV infection at diagnosis with cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) following chemotherapy.

Proposal for a Lorenz qubit.

Nonlinear qubit master equations have recently been shown to exhibit rich dynamical phenomena such as period doubling, Hopf bifurcation, and strange attractors usually associated with classical nonlinear systems. Here we investigate nonlinear qubit models that support tunable Lorenz attractors. A Lorenz qubit could be realized experimentally by combining qubit torsion, generated by real or simulated mean field dynamics, with linear amplification and dissipation.

Celiac Disease: An Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guideline.

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system of genetically susceptible individuals elicits a reaction to gluten causing small intestine damage. If left undiagnosed and untreated, the resulting nutrition malabsorption can lead to anemia, bone disease, growth faltering, or other consequences. The condition is lifelong and lacks a cure; the only treatment is lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD).

Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of gynecologic cancer.

Advanced gynecologic cancers have historically lacked effective treatment options. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of cervical cancer and endometrial cancer, offering durable responses for some patients. In addition, many immunotherapy strategies are under investigation for the treatment of earlier stages of disease or in other gynecologic cancers, such as ovarian cancer and rare gynecologic tumors.

Reverse Translation Identifies the Synergistic Role of Immune Checkpoint Blockade and IL15 to Enhance Immunotherapy of Ovarian Cancer.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has changed the standard of care for many patients with cancer, yet no ICB is approved for ovarian cancer. We hypothesized that maintenance therapy with an IL15 "superagonist" (N-803) and ICB in combination could induce potent immune activation in ovarian cancer. Using flow cytometry, cytometry by time of flight analysis, and cytotoxicity assays, we analyzed patient samples from women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer treated with N-803 for indications of PD-1/PD-L1 upregulation with this treatment.

Post-processing of real-time quantum event measurements for an optimal bandwidth.

Single electron tunneling and its transport statistics have been studied for some time using high precision charge detectors. However, this type of detection requires advanced lithography, optimized material systems and low temperatures (mK). A promising alternative, recently demonstrated, is to exploit an optical transition that is turned on or off when a tunnel event occurs.

TEM8 Tri-specific Killer Engager binds both tumor and tumor stroma to specifically engage natural killer cell anti-tumor activity.

Background: The tumor microenvironment contains stromal cells, including endothelial cells and fibroblasts, that aid tumor growth and impair immune cell function. Many solid tumors remain difficult to cure because of tumor-promoting stromal cells, but current therapies targeting tumor stromal cells are constrained by modest efficacy and toxicities. TEM8 is a surface antigen selectively upregulated on tumor and tumor stromal cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts that may be targeted with specific natural killer (NK) cell engagement.

What proportion of patients with stage 3 ovarian cancer are potentially cured following intraperitoneal chemotherapy? Analysis of the long term (≥10 years) survivors in NRG/GOG randomized clinical trials of intraperitoneal and intravenous chemotherapy in stage III ovarian cancer.

Objective: Patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) alive without progression at a landmark time-point of 10 years from diagnosis are likely cured. We report the proportion of patients with Stage III EOC who were long-term disease-free survivors (LTDFS≥10 years) following either intraperitoneal (IP) or intravenous (IV) chemotherapy as well as the predictors of LTDFS.

Methods: Data from 3 mature NRG/GOG trials (104, 114, 172) were analyzed and included demographics, clinicopathologic details, route of administration, and survival outcomes of patients living ≥10 years assessed according to the Kaplan-Meier method.

Development of a Multiprotein Classifier for the Detection of Early Stage Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Individual serum biomarkers are neither adequately sensitive nor specific for use in screening the general population for ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study was to develop a multiprotein classifier to detect the early stages of ovarian cancer, when it is most treatable.

Methods: The Olink Proseek Multiplex Oncology II panel was used to simultaneously quantify the expression levels of 92 cancer-related proteins in sera.

Epidemiological profile and clinical characteristics of 491 Brazilian patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Background: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a chronic and progressive autosomal dominant genetic and sporadic disease characterized by cutaneous and neurological abnormalities. Plexiform neurofibroma (PN), a significant cause of clinical complications in NF-1, is a benign tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath that involves multiple nerve fascicles. Although there is an important number of patients who are affected by NF1 in Brazil, there is little data on the behavior of the disease in the national literature as well as in other low- and middle-income countries.

The CpG Island-Binding Protein SAMD1 Contributes to an Unfavorable Gene Signature in HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.

The unmethylated CpG island-binding protein SAMD1 is upregulated in many human cancer types, but its cancer-related role has not yet been investigated. Here, we used the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 as a cancer model and investigated the cellular and transcriptional roles of SAMD1 using ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq. SAMD1 targets several thousand gene promoters, where it acts predominantly as a transcriptional repressor.

Quantum simulation of operator spreading in the chaotic Ising model.

There is great interest in using near-term quantum computers to simulate and study foundational problems in quantum mechanics and quantum information science, such as the scrambling measured by an out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC). Here we use an IBM Q processor, quantum error mitigation, and weaved Trotter simulation to study high-resolution operator spreading in a four-spin Ising model as a function of space, time, and integrability. Reaching four spins while retaining high circuit fidelity is made possible by the use of a physically motivated fixed-node variant of the OTOC, allowing scrambling to be estimated without overhead.

Metabolic adaptation of ovarian tumors in patients treated with an IDO1 inhibitor constrains antitumor immune responses.

To uncover underlying mechanisms associated with failure of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) blockade in clinical trials, we conducted a pilot, window-of-opportunity clinical study in 17 patients with newly diagnosed advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer before their standard tumor debulking surgery. Patients were treated with the IDO1 inhibitor epacadostat, and immunologic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic characterization of the tumor microenvironment was undertaken in baseline and posttreatment tumor biopsies. IDO1 inhibition resulted in efficient blockade of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation and was accompanied by a metabolic adaptation that shunted tryptophan catabolism toward the serotonin pathway.

Olaparib With or Without Cediranib Versus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Recurrent Platinum-Sensitive Ovarian Cancer (NRG-GY004): A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III Trial.

Purpose: Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard of care for platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer, but complications from repeated platinum therapy occur. We assessed the activity of two all-oral nonplatinum alternatives, olaparib or olaparib/cediranib, versus platinum-based chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: NRG-GY004 is an open-label, randomized, phase III trial conducted in the United States and Canada.

Pushing the Limits in Real-Time Measurements of Quantum Dynamics.

Time-resolved studies of quantum systems are the key to understanding quantum dynamics at its core. The real-time measurement of individual quantum numbers as they switch between certain discrete values, well known as a "random telegraph signal," is expected to yield maximal physical insight. However, the signal suffers from both systematic errors, such as a limited time resolution and noise from the measurement apparatus, as well as statistical errors due to a limited amount of data.