[Karyological and immunological parameters in children under conditions of varying ambient air pollution].

The cytological status, proliferation, and apoptosis of the buccal epithelium and the level of secretory immunoglobulin A were studied in 90 children living in a large ferrous metallurgy center (Tula). There were increases in the degree of cytogenetic impairments, a change in cell kinetic processes, and a reduction in local immunity in children in a more polluted area. There was a high significant correlation of karyological and immunological parameters with some chemical ambient air pollutants.

[Immunomorphological characteristics of the infiltrative growth in well differentiated thyroid carcinoma].

An immunomorphological study of 52 samples of normal thyroid tissue, 10 adenomas, 42 well differentiated carcinomas and 2 metastases has been performed using markers of the epithelium, extracellular matrix and angiogenesis. Basal keratin N 17 of the compound epithelium occurred only in malignant tumors. The highest number of the keratin N 17-positive cells was registered in sclerosing A-cell cancer, medullary and mixed C-cell cancer which is very aggressive.

[Expression of cell adhesion molecules E-cadherin and beta-catenin in infiltrating breast carcinoma].

Distribution of cell-cell adhesion molecules of E-cadherin (EC) and beta-catenin (BC) infiltrating breast carcinoma (BC) and markers of epithelium, basal membrane has been studied by immunofluorescence in 50 infiltrating BC tissue samples including 17 ductal carcinomas, 23 lobular carcinomas and 10 combined carcinomas. Two types of EC-BC structure alterations were found: homogeneity disorder accompanied by appearance of local thickening and gaps or complete lack of these structures. Alterations of type 1 were found in all the analyzed samples of ductal and combined carcinomas and partially in lobular carcinomas, in in situ structures and in invasion components as well.

[Specific characteristics of skin basal cell carcinoma invasion].

Histological, electron-microscopic and immunomorphologic studies were made in 30 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin. In the immunomorphological study the antibodies to pankeratin, to keratins of N8, 17 (K N8, K N17) and to laminin were used. Two microscopical types of BCC growth distinguished by their clinical manifestations were revealed: compact-nodulous and diffuse-infiltrative.

[Expression of intermediate filament proteins in MDCK cells cultured in the three-dimensional gel in the presence of cytokine HGF/SF].

An immunomorphologic study was made of expression of intermediate filament proteins--keratin and vimentin--in the structures formed in branching tubulogenesis of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney epithelial cells (MDCK, clone 20), cultured in three-dimensional collagen gel in the presence of the "scatter factor" (HGF/SF). An improved method of parallel immunostaining of the whole branching structures and of their cryostat cross-sections was used. It was shown that both the discoid epithelial cells, forming walls of tubules with inner clear spaces, and the fibroblast-like cells invading the collagenic gel coexpressed keratin and vimentin.

[A rare breast tumor of pluripotential cells].

A rare relapsing mammary tumor is described. The tumor consisted of a major mesenchymal component and a minor tubular one, there were many mitoses. Myofibrils, intercellular desmosomal contacts, basal membranes and secretory granules were found electron-microscopically.

[The location of keratins 17 and 8 in the metaplastic proliferates of the endocervix].

Monoclonal antibodies to keratin 8 which is characteristic for glandular epithelium and those to keratin 17 characteristic of basal cells of complex epithelium were used. Material from 14 females after surgery because of ovarian tumours and uterine carcinoma and from 10 females with dysplasias of various degree and uterine carcinoma was investigated. In addition, ectocervix of vaginal portion at a distance from the point of two epithelia junction was studied in 42 samples.

[Dependence of keratin No. 17 distribution on the degree of malignancy of bladder tumors].

Keratin No 17 expression (Mab E3) correlated with the stage and degree of malignancy of transitional-cell bladder carcinoma (TCC). Antibodies to keratin No 17 stained only the basal layer of the tumour growth in the TCC I while in TCC II-III positively stained cells were found everywhere in the tumour and staining was diffuse. Immunostaining for the simple keratins No 7, 8, 18, 19 in TCC I-III was diffuse.

[Monoclonal antibodies to the proteins of intermediate filaments and of basement membranes in the differential diagnosis of certain forms of human breast tumors].

Monoclonal antibodies to keratins No. 8 and 17 specific for lining epithelium and myoepithelium of the mammary gland, respectively, as well as to basement membrane laminin, entactin, collagen type IV and heparan sulfate proteoglycan were used to the immunohistochemical analysis of 77 benign and malignant human breast lesions and that of 38 cases in which an intraoperative biopsy diagnosis was difficult. Morphologically similar benign and malignant proliferations were distinguished by keratin expression.

[The expression of keratins Nos. 8, 17 and vimentin in pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands].

In the normal salivary gland, the monoclonal antibody to keratin 8 immuno-morphologically identifies the epithelium that covers acini and ducts. The monoclonal antibodies to keratin 17 and vimentin detect normal myoepithelium. The two keratins are found both in the epithelioid and mesenchyma-like components of pleomorphic adenoma, suggesting a single epithelial nature of this tumor.

[Changes in the prekeratin set and in the intracellular distribution of intermediate filaments during the embryonic development of the liver in the rat].

Monoclonals against three individual proteins of the epithelial intermediate filaments, prekeratins (PK40, PK49, PK55), were used for immunofluorescence studies of the cryostat sections of the rat embryonic liver. The dynamics of expression and intracellular distribution of prekeratins reflects that of morphological rearrangement of the liver. The development of the system of liver beams was accompanied by changes in the expression and intracellular distribution of PK49 and PK55 and the development of the system of bile ducts by changes in all three PKs.

[Content of cytochrome P-450 and its induction capacity in primary liver tumors in rats].

The content of cytochrome P-450 has been measured in primary hepatomas induced by diethylnitrosamine. As a rule, the enzyme content in hepatomas was decreased, as compared to normal liver and tumor-affected liver, but some hepatomas contained cytochrome P-450 in greater amount than normal tissue. Aroclor 1254 induced an increase in cytochrome P-450 content, which was identical in hepatomas, normal liver and tumor-affected liver.

[Malignant myoepithelioma of the breast (histological, immunomorphological and electron microscopic study)].

A rare kind of a breast tumor was identified in a woman of 47. The disease ran a malignant course and presented difficulties for morphological verification. Histological appearance showed areas of spindle-shaped or lamellar cells occasionally encircled with homogeneous hyalin-like substance.

[Isolation of monoclonal antibodies to horseradish peroxidase and their use in immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting].

Monoclonal anti-peroxidase antibodies (McAb) were generated by means of hybridization of BALB/c immune splenocytes with X-63.653 cells. Peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) staining of fibroblast cultures with murine McAb against fibronectin was used for the detection of positive cultures.

[Immunomorphological research on human breast tumors using monoclonal antibodies to intermediate filament proteins. The proliferative epithelial structures in fibrocystic disease (dysplasia) and benign tumors].

Proliferating epithelial structures were studied immunomorphologically in 16 cases of fibrocystic disease and benign tumours. Monoclonal antibodies were used to prekeratin (PK) C12, normally specific for the lining epithelium, to prekeratin (PK) E3 and to the protein of intermediate filaments in mesenchymal cells--vimentin, normally specific for myoepithelium. The immunofluorescent analysis of the most common proliferating structures has shown that there are elements with a variable combination of PK C12, PK E3 and vimentin among the proliferating cells.

[Immunohistochemical research on human breast tumors using monoclonal antibodies to intermediate filament proteins. Cancer of the breast].

Immunomorphologic study of 29 breast cancer cases using monoclonal antibodies to proteins of intermediate filaments shown to differentiate the lining epithelium from myoepithelium in the non-proliferating epithelial structures of the mamma, has shown the cells in the majority of tumours (according to the International WHO Classification defined as infiltrating ductal, lobular, and tubular cancer forms) to contain prekeratin (PK) C12, specific for normal lining epithelium, but not for the myoepithelium. In cases of cancer with chondroid metaplasia (a malignant variant of the so-called "mixed tumour") the cells contained PK E3, vimentin and structural myosin, normally specific for myoepithelium. The cell heterogenicity in PK C12 content or its absence noted in the infiltrating cancers with predominance of a solid component can indicate a high degree of tumour anaplasia.

[Immunomorphological study of the distribution of prekeratin with a molecular weight of 49 kilodaltons in various epithelial cells in rats].

Cryostat sections of various tissues of rat were stained using an indirect immunofluorescent method with monoclonal antibody against individual prekeratin with the molecular mass of 49 kilodalton (PK-49). Connective tissue endothelial cells, neurons, glia, haematopoetic tissue and smooth muscles were completely negative in this test. 46 morphological variants of epithelial structures were investigated.

[Immunohistochemical study of human breast tumors using monoclonal antibodies to intermediate filament proteins (nonproliferating epithelial structures in breast dysplasia)].

An immunohistochemical analysis of nonproliferating epithelial structures was carried out in 10 samples of human breast dysplasia and in 4 samples of tissue surrounding mammary gland carcinoma. Monoclonal mouse antibodies against individual prekeratins of rat monolayer epithelial antibodies of clone C12 against rat prekeratin with the molecular mass 49 kilodalton and antibodies of clone E3 against rat prekeratin with the molecular mass 40 kilodalton-monoclonal antibodies against vimentin (clone 30), as well as polyclonal antibodies against smooth muscle myosin and against the basement membrane glycoprotein laminin were used. The lining epithelium of all glandular structures reacted only with C12 antibodies.

[Immunomorphological analysis of the level of differentiation of hepatocellular tumors in rats].

Combinations of three molecular markers (alpha-fetoprotein, ligandin and A-protein) were investigated in individual cells of the rat hepatocellular tumours by means of indirect immunofluorescence. It was found that each subtype of trabecular carcinoma classified on the basis of cytomorphological appearance as well, moderately, and poorly differentiated hepatomas, exhibited its characteristic combination(s) of the molecular markers studied. Each marker pattern observed in the tumours had its counterpart in the marker combination specific to one of the stages of normal liver tissue differentiation.

[Evolution of hyperplastic foci in the rat liver induced by diethylnitrosamine].

The immunohistochemical localization of ligandin (L), A-protein (A) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was studied in the liver of rats treated intraperitoneally with diethylnitrosamine (DENA). In early foci of altered cells there was a consecutive change in the content of antigens. The uniform content of L and A in these foci changed for the uniform content of only one marker.

[Localization of cytochrome P-450PB in the rat liver and primary liver tumors of different histological structure after administration of inductor aroclor 1254].

Localization of cytochrome P-450PB in normal rat liver and primary liver tumors induced by DENA was studied by the immunoperoxidase method of unlabeled antibodies after treatment with a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (aroclor 1254). In intact liver, only one layer of the cells around the central veins was stained. On the 4th day after aroclor 1254 injection almost all the cells of the liver lobule were intensely stained.