Bone Crushing in Infected Pseudarthrosis - An Extraordinary Way to Treat Osteomyelitis Caused by Resistant Bacteria.

Introduction: Osteomyelitis with multiresistant bacteria in non-union following fracture treated with osteosynthesis requires complete removal of infected sequestrum and dead bone. For consecutive bone defects, it is frequently necessary to bridge with a fixator external. The treatment is not only challenging due to reduced bone stock but also characterized by decreased bioavailability of antibiotics.

Enhanced Resorption of Liposomal Packed Vitamin C Monitored by Ultrasound.

Vitamin C is an essential nutrient for humans and is involved in a plethora of health-related functions. Several studies have shown a connection between vitamin C intake and an improved resistance to infections that involves the immune system. However, the body cannot store vitamin C and both the elevated oral intake, and the intravenous application have certain disadvantages.

Lipolytic effects of nano particle sized polyenylphosphatidylcholine on adipose tissue: First promising in vitro and in vivo results.

Background: Lipolytic injectables for body contouring procedures have been reported for necrotic effects on adipose tissue causing side effects as swelling, pain and hematoma. Deoxycholic acid is widely used as a solvent in lipolytic injectables and is associated with necrosis when applied to cells. A new lipolytic preparation (NWL-10) containing only polyenylphosphatidylcholine in nano particle size, glycerrhizinate and maltose has been reported for its lipolytic action on adipose tissue.

Interaction between extracellular cancer matrix and stromal breast cells.

Introduction: Stromal-epithelial interactions are fundamental for normal organ development and there is a multitude of evidence that the different components of the microenvironment are also necessary for the maintenance and promotion of the "tumor organ". Deregulated tumor associated extracellular matrix (tECM) is a hallmark of cancer, causing an alteration in the amount and composition of the different components (i.e.

Intra-individual comparison of human nasal chondrocytes and debrided knee chondrocytes: Relevance for engineering autologous cartilage grafts.

Objective: Implantation of autologous chondrocytes for cartilage repair requires harvesting of undamaged cartilage, implying an additional joint arthroscopy surgery and further damage to the articular surface. As alternative possible cell sources, in this study we assessed the proliferation and chondrogenic capacity of debrided Knee Chondrocytes (dKC) and Nasal Chondrocytes (NC) collected from the same patients.

Methods: Matched NC and dKC pairs from 13 patients enrolled in two clinical studies (NCT01605201 and NCT026739059) were expanded in monolayer and then chondro-differentiated in 3D collagenous scaffolds in medium with or without Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGFβ1).

Challenging Implantation of Hip Prosthesis in a 32-year-old Patient with Kniest Syndrome.

Introduction: Kniest dysplasia is associated with short body stature (dwarfism) and impairment of the musculoskeletal system due to a mutation in the COL2A1 gene coding for a protein that forms type II collagen. Hip endoprosthesis for patients with Kniest system requires a specific femoral shaft design since the medullar space is limited due to the underlying dysplasia. The Wagner cone stem has shown excellent results.

Tissue engineering for paediatric patients.

The effects of oncological treatment, congenital anomalies, traumatic injuries and post-infection damage critically require sufficient amounts of tissue for structural and functional surgical reconstructions. The patient’s own body is typically the gold standard source of transplant material, but in children autologous tissue is available only in small quantities and with severe morbidity at donor sites. Engineering of tissue grafts starting from a small amount of autologous material, combined with suitable surgical manipulation of the recipient site, is expected to enhance child and adolescent health, and to offer functional restoration for long-term wellbeing.

Extent of Inflammation and Foreign Body Reaction to Porous Polyethylene and .

Background/aim: High-density porous polyethylene (PP) offers possibilities for reconstruction in craniofacial surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent of inflammation and foreign body reactions to PP in vitro and in vivo.

Materials And Methods: Cell attachment, proliferation and expression of inflammatory cytokines were assessed using murine macrophages (RAW 264.

PDGF regulated migration of mesenchymal stem cells towards malignancy acts via the PI3K signaling pathway.

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been described in breast cancer models to migrate towards carcinoma and integrate into tumor associated stroma supporting tumor growth, increasing their metastatic potency and contributing to tumor-angiogenesis. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) isoforms (AA, BB, CC) stimulate growth, survival and motility of MSCs and certain other cell types. Noteworthy, breast carcinomas are known to express PDGF.

3D analysis of Osteosyntheses material using semi-automated CT segmentation: a case series of a 4 corner fusion plate.

Backround: Scaphoidectomy and midcarpal fusion can be performed using traditional fixation methods like K-wires, staples, screws or different dorsal (non)locking arthrodesis systems. The aim of this study is to test the Aptus four corner locking plate and to compare the clinical findings to the data revealed by CT scans and semi-automated segmentation.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of eleven patients suffering from scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) or scaphoid non-union advanced collapse (SNAC) wrist, who received a four corner fusion between August 2011 and July 2014.

Impact of Single Center Treatment on Ewing Sarcoma 10-Year Long Term Survival Rates.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Ewing sarcomas (ES) are the second most common solid malignant bone tumors in both, children and adolescents, and systemic chemotherapy protocols were established during the last 3 decades which proved to be a successful approach in addition to local treatment. The purpose of the present study is (i) to provide survival rates and prognostic factors for patients with ES which received treatment in a single center and (ii) to compare data with results of multicenter studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients (n = 38) were treated by the same surgeon whereas surgery was combined with radiotherapy in 55.

Leukocyte-reduced platelet-rich plasma stimulates the in vitro proliferation of adipose-tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells depending on PDGF signaling.

Background: Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP) is suggested as xenoprotein-free cell-culture medium replacement for animal-derived supplements.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate PRP-triggered signaling in adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs).

Methods: PRP was obtained from 4 male patients.

Gain of length-loss of strength? Alteration in muscle strength after femoral leg lengthening in young patients: a prospective longitudinal observational study.

This study aimed to determine the alteration in maximum isokinetic torque in patients after intramedullary femoral leg lengthening. Thirty patients with a median leg-length discrepancy of 3.0 cm underwent femoral limb lengthening with an intramedullary motorized device.

Reduction Osteotomy of the Prominent Tibial Tubercle After Osgood-Schlatter Disease.

Purpose: To evaluate the functional and clinical outcome of a new closing-wedge osteotomy for the prominent tibial tubercle after Osgood-Schlatter disease.

Methods: Between 2010 and 2014, 7 consecutive adults (mean age, 28.6 years; range, 26-35 years) were treated by closing-wedge reduction osteotomy of a painful tibial tubercle.

Semi-automated extraction and characterization of Stromal Vascular Fraction using a new medical device.

Introduction: The stem cell rich Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) can be harvested by processing lipo-aspirate or fat tissue with an enzymatic digestion followed by centrifugation. To date neither a standardised extraction method for SVF nor a generally admitted protocol for cell application in patients exists. A novel commercially available semi-automated device for the extraction of SVF promises sterility, consistent results and usability in the clinical routine.

Effects on the Distal Radioulnar Joint of Ablation of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tears With Radiofrequency Energy.

Purpose: This cadaver study investigated the temperature profile in the wrist joint and distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) during radiofrequency energy (RFE) application for triangular fibrocartilage complex resection.

Methods: An arthroscopic partial resection of the triangular fibrocartilage complex using monopolar and bipolar RFE was simulated in 14 cadaver limbs. The temperature was recorded simultaneously in the DRUJ and at 6 other anatomic locations of the wrist during RFE application.

Leukocyte-Reduced Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment of Basal Thumb Arthritis: A Pilot Study.

A positive effect of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection has been discussed for osteoarthritic joint conditions in the last years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate PRP injection into the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint. We report about ten patients with TMC joint osteoarthritis (OA) that were treated with 2 intra-articular PRP injections 4 weeks apart.

Leukocyte-Reduced Platelet-Rich Plasma Alters Protein Expression of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background: Application of platelet-rich plasma and stem cells has become important in regenerative medicine. Recent literature supports the use of platelet-rich plasma as a cell culture media supplement to stimulate proliferation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The underlying mechanism of proliferation stimulation by platelet-rich plasma has not been investigated so far.

Transcription Profile in Sporadic Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis Reveals Differential Expression at the Level of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells.

Background: The cause of the rare fat distribution disorder multiple symmetric lipomatosis is unknown. Independent reports suggest a higher proliferative activity, hormone resistance, and involvement of mitochondrial function in the disease.

Methods: The authors performed morphologic comparison of affected and unaffected tissues in five unrelated patients and generated adipose-derived stem cell cultures from the tissue samples and characterized them as a possible cellular model of multiple symmetric lipomatosis evolution.

High-Resolution Ultrasound Including Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) for the Detection of Gas Formation during Aspergillus Fumigatus Infection in Mice.

Purpose: A. fumigatus infections represent a major threat for patients with a suppressed immune system. Early diagnosis is of importance for a favorable outcome but appears to be difficult due to limited diagnostic procedures.

RFE based chondroplasty in wrist arthroscopy indicates high risk for chrondocytes especially for the bipolar application.

Background: The application of radiofrequency energy (RFE) has become widespread for surgical performed chondroplasty especially due to the anticipated sealing effect, however the safety of this procedure in the wrist remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the subchondral temperature during radiofrequency energy (RFE) application simulating chondroplasty in an arthroscopic setting of the wrist.

Methods: A chondroplasty of the lunate fossa was performed during an arthroscopy setting on 14 cadaver arms using monopolar or bipolar RFE.

The effect of leukocyte-reduced platelet-rich plasma on the proliferation of autologous adipose-tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Clinical application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and stem cells has become more and more important in regenerative medicine during the last decade. However, differences in PRP preparations may contribute to variable PRP compositions with unpredictable effects on a cellular level. In the present study, we modified the centrifugation settings in order to provide a leukocyte-reduced PRP and evaluated the interactions between PRP and adipose-tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs).

Temperature in and around the scapholunate ligament during radiofrequency shrinkage: a cadaver study.

Purpose: To investigate whether applied radiofrequency energy (RFE) for shrinkage of the scapholunate interosseus ligament reaches temperatures required for ligament shrinkage while leaving adjacent structures unaffected.

Methods: Standard wrist arthroscopy was performed on 7 pairs of cadaveric limbs with continuous saline irrigation and gravity-assisted outflow through an 18-gauge needle. We subjected 14 scapholunate ligaments to treatment with monopolar (n = 7) or bipolar (n = 7) RFE for ligament shrinkage.

Luminescent dual sensors reveal extracellular pH-gradients and hypoxia on chronic wounds that disrupt epidermal repair.

Wound repair is a quiescent mechanism to restore barriers in multicellular organisms upon injury. In chronic wounds, however, this program prematurely stalls. It is known that patterns of extracellular signals within the wound fluid are crucial to healing.

Adipose tissue-derived stem cell secreted IGF-1 protects myoblasts from the negative effect of myostatin.

Myostatin, a TGF-β family member, is associated with inhibition of muscle growth and differentiation and might interact with the IGF-1 signaling pathway. Since IGF-1 is secreted at a bioactive level by adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), these cells (ASCs) provide a therapeutic option for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). But the protective effect of stem cell secreted IGF-1 on myoblast under high level of myostatin remains unclear.