Dexmedetomidine versus hyaluronidase along with lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injection in failed back surgery: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Background: Failed back surgery syndrome is a common problem faced by chronic pain management specialists. Steroid-only epidural injections have modest efficacy because of excessive scarring. Epidural hyaluronidase (HA), functions as a depolymerizing agent, successfully breaking down adhesions and collagen bundles, whereas dexmedetomidine (DEX) helps to reduce inflammation.

Transforaminal lumbar epidural injection of dexmedetomidine versus magnesium sulfate combined with dexamethasone for lower limb radicular pain management: a randomized, clinical trial.

Background: Epidural steroid injections are frequently used to treat chronic radicular pain of a discogenic origin; however, their efficacy remains limited. Magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine are emerging adjuvants with the potential to enhance the effectiveness and prolong the therapeutic duration of steroid injections.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind study, 90 patients with unilateral lower limb radiculopathy due to lumbar disc prolapse who did not respond to conservative treatment for 12 weeks were assigned to three groups.

Evaluation of liver function tests in scleroderma patients.

Systemic sclerosis is a clinically heterogeneous, systemic disorder which affects the connective tissue of the skin, internal organs, and the walls of blood vessels. It is characterized by alterations of the microvasculature, disturbances of the immune system and by massive deposition of collagen and other matrix substances in the connective tissue. This study was done to evaluate the frequency of liver disease in patients with scleroderma and, secondarily, to study the frequency of infection of hepatitis B and C virus in these patients and determine frequency of serum auto-antibodies in this disease.