Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) as a Predictor for Sepsis Mortality in Children Admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU): A Comparison With Prothrombin Time/International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR) and Urea/Creatinine Ratio.

Background Sepsis is the primary cause of death in children, and it is crucial to identify patients at high risk of mortality early on in order to provide intensive monitoring and management in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Objective The objective of this study was to assess the predictive value of routinely used sepsis indicators, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), urea to creatinine ratio (urea/Cr), and prothrombin time and international normalized ratio (PT/INR), in predicting death in critically unwell children. Patients and methods A total of 75 children were included in the research conducted at the PICU of Minia University.

Egyptian Pediatric Guidelines for the Management of Children with Isolated Thrombocytopenia Using the Adapted ADAPTE Methodology-A Limited-Resource Country Perspective.

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a prevalent presentation in childhood with a broad spectrum of etiologies, associated findings, and clinical outcomes. Establishing the cause of thrombocytopenia and its proper management have obvious clinical repercussions but may be challenging. This article provides an adaptation of the high-quality Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) of pediatric thrombocytopenia management to suit Egypt's health care context.

Transfusion of blood components in pediatric age groups: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline adapted for the use in Egypt using 'Adapted ADAPTE'.

Pediatric transfusion is a complex area of medicine covering a wide age range, from neonates to young adults. Compared to adult practice, there is a relative lack of high-quality research to inform evidence-based guidelines. We aimed to adapt the pre-existing high-quality practice guidelines for the transfusion of blood components in different pediatric age groups to be available for national use by general practitioners, pediatricians, and other health care professionals.

Assessment of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in children with iron deficiency anemia.

Background: Iron plays an important role in body defense and essential for normal immune system development where its deficiency may result in an inadequate immune response. We aimed to assess the lymphocyte subsets in childhood iron deficiency anemia (IDA) with their laboratory correlations.

Methods: Fifty IDA (< 18 years) and 25 age and sex-matched healthy children were enrolled and a complete history was obtained and clinical examination was performed.

Assessment of Subclinical Pancreatitis in Epileptic Children With Different Treatment Modalities.

Acute pancreatitis differ in pediatrics and adults. Drug-induced pancreatitis is one of the common causes of pancreatitis in children. This case-control study aimed to assess subclinical pancreatitis in patients with epilepsy treated with different drug regimens.

Detection of Occult Acute Kidney Injury in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Anemia.

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency anemia is associated with intravascular hemolysis. The freely filtered hemoglobin can damage the kidney. We aimed to assess any subclinical renal injury in G6PD children.

Assessment of Vitamin D status in a group of Egyptian children with non alcoholic fatty liver disease (multicenter study).

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the health problems with great burden on the liver that may end with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this work was to assess serum vitamin D level in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease children.

Methods: This cross sectional case control study involved 47 patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease selected while recruiting the pediatric hepatology clinics.

Adiponectin, leptin and insulin levels at birth and in early postnatal life in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

Background: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in one to three per 1000 live full-term births. Fifteen to twenty percent will die in the postnatal period, and an additional 25 % will develop severe and permanent neuropsychological sequalae. The control of growth and nutritional status in the fetus and neonate is a complex mechanism, in which also hormones produced by adipose tissue, such as adiponectin and leptin are involved.

The Role of the Carotid Doppler Examination in the Evaluation of Atherosclerotic Changes in β-Thalassemia Patients.

Background: Iron overload in patients with beta-thalassemia major (BTM) lead to alterations in the arterial structures and the thickness of the carotid arteries. Doppler ultrasound scanning of extra-cranial internal carotid arteries is non-invasive and relatively quick to perform and may identify children at increased risk of stroke that would otherwise be missed. Increased carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT) is a structural marker for early atherosclerosis and correlates with the vascular risk factors and to the severity and extent of coronary artery disease.

Interleukin 1beta level in human colostrum in relation to neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Breast-fed infants have higher bilirubin level than formula-fed infants which is of undetermined etiology. The cholestatic effect of cytokines (e.g.