Topical Insulin Eye Drops: Stability and Safety of Two Compounded Formulations for Treating Persistent Corneal Epithelial Defects.

Compounded insulin eye drops were prepared at 1 IU/mL from commercially available subcutaneous insulin by dilution in saline solution or artificial tears. Physicochemical characterization and in vitro tolerance testing in human and conjunctival cells were followed by a 28-day short-term stability study under various conditions. The formulations were isotonic (280-300 mOsm/L), had a pH close to neutral (7-8), medium surface-tension values (<56 MN/m), and low (≈1 mPa·s) and medium (≈5 mPa·s) viscosities (compounded normal saline solution and artificial tear-based preparation, respectively).

Corneal endothelial validation in the eye bank: differences in automated methods and repeatability.

Purpose: To evaluate reproducibility of endothelial cell density (ECD) measurements using the Konan Cell Check D in donor corneas by two different ophthalmologists and to compare the two automated cell count methods (center and flex-center) available in the software of this specular microscope.

Methods: ECD values were quantified in 54 donor corneas by two independent investigators using the Cell Check D (Konan Medical USA Inc) with both automated cell count methods. In the center method, at least 30 contiguous cells are marked.

Challenges of DMEK Technique with Young Corneal Donors' Grafts: Surgical Keys for Success-A Pilot Study.

Purpose: To report on the surgical maneuvers recommended for a successful unfolding of very young donors in order to accomplish an uneventful Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) surgery.

Methods: Five patients (three females and two males, mean age 71.2 ± 6.

Topical insulin, a novel corneal epithelial regeneration agent in dry eye disease.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of insulin eye drops for dry eye disease in reducing corneal staining and improving symptoms.

Methods: In this retrospective case series, patients with dry eye disease treated with off-label use of insulin eye drops were collected. The main inclusion criterion was diagnosis of dry eye disease with epithelial damage and acceptance of the off-label use of topical insulin.

Spontaneous Descemet Layer Dissection Without Pneumodissection in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Mushroom-Type Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe a case of spontaneous Descemet layer dissection without pneumodissection in femtosecond laser-assisted mushroom-type deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty.

Methods: This study is a case report.

Results: A 46-year-old woman diagnosed with reticular dystrophy underwent, in her left eye, mushroom configuration femtosecond laser-assisted DALK (F-DALK).

Efficacy and safety of topical 5-fluorouracil in conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia refractory to interferon alpha-2b.

Purpose: To report the efficacy and safety of 5-fluorouracil as the second line of treatment for two cases of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia refractive to topical interferon alpha-2b.

Case Report: In the first case, a 77-year-old woman was evaluated because of a fleshy vascularized lesion in the temporal conjunctiva on her right eye with leukoplakia of the corneal epithelium from 10- to 5-o'clock limbus. In the second case, an 81-year-old man, a nodular lesion in the temporal conjunctiva on his RE, with corneal adjacent opalescence, one millimeter in extent, was observed.

Evaluation of the perception of physical and emotional health of ophthalmologists in Spain and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: The main objective was to study the perception of physical and emotional health of Spanish ophthalmologists and their health habits, as well as the possible influence of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, non-randomized and uncontrolled study was carried out among at Spanish ophthalmologists through an online survey of 47 questions on eating habits, tobacco, alcohol, physical exercise, workload, and perception of physical and emotional state.

Results: Of a total of 2,179 ophthalmologists, 260 (11.

Review of the literature on the currently available evidence for the management of infectious keratitis with PACK-CXL.

Infectious keratitis (IK) is one of the most common causes of monocular blindness worldwide, especially in developing countries and may account for 5.1%-32.3% of all indications for penetrating keratoplasty (PK).

Hypertensive and HLA-B27 negative uveitis: Disease course and complications.

Purpose: To perform a retrospective analysis on patients with HLA-B27 negative hypertensive acute anterior uveitis. Aqueous humor samples were obtained on which a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was performed. The patients were then classified into 3 groups depending on whether they were positive for cytomegalovirus (CMV) or herpesvirus (HSV-VZV) or negative for both.

Comparison of the efficacy of topical insulin with autologous serum eye drops in persistent epithelial defects of the cornea.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of topical insulin on epithelization in persistent epithelial defects (PED) refractory to usual treatment compared to autologous serum.

Design: Retrospective, consecutive case-control series.

Methods: The charts of 61 consecutive patients with PED treated with topical insulin (case group) and 23 treated with autologous serum (control group) were reviewed.

New Horizons in the Treatment of Corneal Endothelial Dysfunction.

The treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction has experienced a revolutionary change in the past decades with the emergence of endothelial keratoplasty techniques: descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). Recently, new treatments such as cultivated endothelial cell therapy, Rho-kinase inhibitors (ROCK inhibitors), bioengineered grafts, and gene therapy have been described. These techniques represent new lines of treatment for endothelial dysfunction.

Hypertensive and HLA-B27 negative uveitis: Disease course and complications.

Purpose: To perform a retrospective analysis on patients with HLA-B27 negative hypertensive acute anterior uveitis. Aqueous humor samples were obtained on which a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was performed. The patients were then classified into 3 groups depending on whether they were positive for cytomegalovirus (CMV) or herpesvirus (HSV-VZV) or negative for both.

Recommendations for ophthalmologic practice during the easing of COVID-19 control measures.

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper provides recommendations for medical eye care during the easing of control measures after lockdown. The guidelines presented are based on a literature review and consensus among all Spanish Ophthalmology Societies regarding protection measures recommended for the ophthalmologic care of patients with or without confirmed COVID-19 in outpatient, inpatient, emergency and surgery settings. We recommend that all measures be adapted to the circumstances and availability of personal protective equipment at each centre and also highlight the need to periodically update recommendations as we may need to readopt more restrictive measures depending on the local epidemiology of the virus.

Topical insulin for refractory persistent corneal epithelial defects.

Purpose: To evaluate insulin eye drops for persistent epithelial defects (PEDs) that are refractory to usual treatment in clinical practice and to analyze how it may improve epithelization.

Methods: A prospective non-randomized hospital-based study was performed. Patients with PEDs that were refractory to conventional treatment were treated with insulin eye drops four times a day.

A new standardised nomenclature in ophthalmology: Criteria and quantitative evaluation indicators of medical procedures.

Purpose: To create a new list of medical procedures in ophthalmology based on the International Classification of Diseases ICD-9-CM. To establish the general principles that define criteria, quantitative indicators, and scales. To develop the algorithms needed to calculate fees for medical procedures.

Management of corneal neurotrophic ulcers with Cacicol®-RGTA (ReGeneraTing Agent): a case series.

Purpose: Neurotrophic corneal ulcers are difficult to treat, and the conventional treatment often results in failure. A new matrix regenerating agent ("ReGeneraTing Agents"), Cacicol® (Laboratoires Théa), has demonstrated good results over the last few years. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the response to Cacicol® in a series of cases with neurotrophic corneal ulcers.

Recommendations for eye care during the alarm state by the coronavirus disease pandemic COVID-19.

Objective: Minimize exposure to the SARS-CoV-2, reduce the chances of cross-transmission between patients and healthcare personnel, and prevent the development of postoperative complications from the management of patients with eye diseases during the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19).

Methods: COVID-19 literature review and consensus establishment between different Spanish ophthalmology societies in order to provide guidelines and recommendations of maximum resources primarily conditioned by the state of alert, confinement and social distancing that occurs in Spain since March 16, 2020.

Results: The recommendations will promote the adoption of action and protection measures for eye care in outpatient clinics, surgical areas and hospitalization, for unconfirmed (asymptomatic and symptomatic) and confirmed COVID-19 patients.