Parents's knowledge and awareness about hepatitis B can influence the vaccination of their children.

Background: Birth-dose (Hep-BD) followed by three additional doses (Hep-B3) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine are key to eliminating HBV by 2030. Unfortunately, Hep-BD and Hep-B3 coverage in our country is poor.

Aim: To studied the parent's knowledge and awareness about HBV infection, its prevention, consequences and vaccination.

Takotsubo syndrome is a coronary microvascular disease: experimental evidence.

Background And Aims: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a conundrum without consensus about the cause. In a murine model of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), abnormalities in myocardial perfusion played a key role in the development of TTS.

Methods And Results: Vascular Kv1.

Publication requirement for faculty promotion in medical institutions in India: 'Mind the gap'.

Background . We assessed the balance between the number of publications required by medical teachers and the publication space available in the Indian medical journals. Methods .

Effect of kangaroo mother care on pain during orogastric tube insertion in low-birthweight newborns: An open label, randomised trial.

Aim: Non-pharmacological methods are commonly used to reduce the procedural pain in newborns. In this open label, randomised control trial, we studied the pain-reducing effect of kangaroo mother care (KMC) during orogastric tube insertion.

Methods: Newborns, with birthweight 1500-2499 g and admitted to nursery, were randomised into control (no-KMC) or intervention (KMC) arms.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Nationally Representative Sample.

Background: Disparities in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) outcomes exist between racial and ethnic groups. We aimed to evaluate disparities in resource utilization and inpatient outcomes across multiple ethnic and racial groups using contemporary data.

Methods: We identified hospital discharges for ACS in the United States using the National Inpatient Sample from 2015 to 2018.

Iron status of exclusively breastfed low-birth-weight infants born to anemic mothers and effect of maternal iron supplementation for 3 versus 6 months: A randomized double-blind placebo control trial.

Background: The effect of maternal iron supplementation during lactation on the iron status of exclusively breastfed low-birth-weight (LBW) infants is not known.

Objective: (1) To find out the number of LBW exclusively breastfed infants having hemoglobin < 10.5 g/dL at 6 months when mothers received iron.

Machine Learning-Based Diabetic Neuropathy and Previous Foot Ulceration Patients Detection Using Electromyography and Ground Reaction Forces during Gait.

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the prevalent forms of neuropathy that involves alterations in biomechanical changes in the human gait. Diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is one of the pervasive types of complications that arise due to DN. In the literature, for the last 50 years, researchers have been trying to observe the biomechanical changes due to DN and DFU by studying muscle electromyography (EMG) and ground reaction forces (GRF).

Performance Analysis of Conventional Machine Learning Algorithms for Diabetic Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy Severity Classification Using Nerve Conduction Studies.

Background: Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is a major form of complication that arises in long-term diabetic patients. Even though the application of machine learning (ML) in disease diagnosis is very common and well-established in the field of research, its application in DSPN diagnosis using nerve conduction studies (NCS), is very limited in the existing literature.

Method: In this study, the NCS data were collected from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) and its follow-up Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) clinical trials.

Machine Learning-Based Epileptic Seizure Detection Methods Using Wavelet and EMD-Based Decomposition Techniques: A Review.

Epileptic seizures are temporary episodes of convulsions, where approximately 70 percent of the diagnosed population can successfully manage their condition with proper medication and lead a normal life. Over 50 million people worldwide are affected by some form of epileptic seizures, and their accurate detection can help millions in the proper management of this condition. Increasing research in machine learning has made a great impact on biomedical signal processing and especially in electroencephalogram (EEG) data analysis.

Urinary beta-2 microglobulin as an early predictive biomarker of acute kidney injury in neonates with perinatal asphyxia.

To evaluate the role of urinary beta-2 microglobulin (B2mG) as an early predictive biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. In this prospective cohort study, 80 term infants with perinatal asphyxia were included. The neonates were divided into AKI and no-AKI groups.

Tubercular infection in children living with adults receiving Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS): a follow up study.

Background: Children living with sputum smear-positive adult tuberculosis (TB) patients are vulnerable to acquire tubercular infection. Contact tracing is an important strategy to control tubercular infection in the community. This study was done to find out prevalence of tuberculosis and tubercular infection in children living with sputum smear-positive adult patients receiving DOTS at recruitment and to find out incidence of tubercular infection and disease in these children on follow up.

Validation of Serum Aminotransferases Levels to Define Severe Dengue Fever in Children.

Purpose: We aimed to study the pattern of liver-injury in children with dengue fever (DF) and validate serum aminotransferase ≥1,000 IU/L as a marker of severe DF.

Methods: Children admitted with DF were included. DF was defined by presence of clinical criteria and positive serological or antigen tests in absence of other etiology.

Diagnosis of insomnia sleep disorder using short time frequency analysis of PSD approach applied on EEG signal using channel ROC-LOC.

Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which the subject encounters problems in sleeping. The aim of this study is to identify insomnia events from normal or effected person using time frequency analysis of PSD approach applied on EEG signals using channel ROC-LOC. In this research article, attributes and waveform of EEG signals of Human being are examined.

Bowel Habits of Healthy Indian Children Less Than Two Years of Age.

Objectives: To define the normal frequency and consistency of stools of healthy Indian children between 0-24 months of age.

Material And Methods: Parents of children aged up to 24 months were asked on a three-day recall basis about their child's usual bowel habits and dietary history. Bowel habit was recorded in terms of number of stools the child passes per day, stool consistency, the age at which night bowel movements stopped, and age of regular bowel movements.

Comparative economics of a 12-gene assay for predicting risk of recurrence in stage II colon cancer.

Background: Prior economic analysis that compared the 12-gene assay to published patterns of care predicted the assay would improve outcomes while lowering medical costs for stage II, T3, mismatch-repair-proficient (MMR-P) colon cancer patients. This study assessed the validity of those findings with real-world adjuvant chemotherapy (aCT) recommendations from the US third-party payer perspective.

Methods: Costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were estimated for stage II, T3, MMR-P colon cancer patients using guideline-compliant, state-transition probability estimation methods in a Markov model.

Prospective multicenter study of the impact of oncotype DX colon cancer assay results on treatment recommendations in stage II colon cancer patients.

The Oncotype DX colon cancer assay is a clinically validated predictor of recurrence risk in stage II colon cancer patients. This prospective study evaluated the impact of recurrence score (RS) results on physician recommendations regarding adjuvant chemotherapy in T3, mismatch repair-proficient (MMR-P) stage II colon cancer patients. Patients and Methods.

Long-term disease control in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma after suspension of lenalidomide therapy.

There are no systematic data regarding nonmaintained induction for those patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who do not receive consolidative autologous stem cell transplantation. Of 173 patients with newly diagnosed MM treated with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (LenDex) as primary therapy, 31 patients had their lenalidomide discontinued for reasons other than progression or alternate therapy. Median progression free survival (PFS) from the time of discontinuing lenalidomide was longer in patients who received lenalidomide ≥ 1 year (39 vs.

Risk of intracranial hemorrhage and cerebrovascular accidents in non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis patients.

Background: Brain metastases confer significant morbidity and a poorer survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted antiangiogenic therapies (AAT) have demonstrated benefit for patients with metastatic NSCLC and are expected to directly inhibit the pathophysiology and morbidity of brain metastases, yet patients with brain metastases have been excluded from most clinical trials of AAT for fear of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). The underlying risk of ICH from NSCLC brain metastases is low, but needs to be quantitated to plan clinical trials of AAT for NSCLC brain metastases.

Currying the heart: curcumin and cardioprotection.

Curcumin (diferuoylmethane) is the active ingredient of turmeric (curcuma longa). There has been a surge of research in its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, and its cardiovascular effects. A host of studies in in vitro and in vivo models of cardiac injury show that curcumin treatment reduces reactive oxygen species generation, monocyte adhesion to activated endothelial cells, and phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38 mitogen activated protein kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3, and subsequent downstream signals.

Seven-year median time to progression with thalidomide for smoldering myeloma: partial response identifies subset requiring earlier salvage therapy for symptomatic disease.

Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is usually followed expectantly without therapy. We conducted a phase 2 trial in 76 eligible patients with SMM, combining thalidomide (THAL, 200 mg/d) with monthly pamidronate. In the first 2 years, THAL dose reduction was required in 86% and drug was discontinued in 50%.