Is routine pathological evaluation of tissue from gynecomastia necessary? A 15-year retrospective pathological and literature review.

Objective: To reconsider the routine plastic surgical practice of requesting histopathological evaluation of tissue from gynecomastia.

Method: The present study was a retrospective histopathological review (15-year period [1996 to 2012]) involving gynecomastia tissue samples received at the pathology laboratory in the Saskatoon Health Region (Saskatchewan). The Laboratory Information System (LIS) identified all specimens using the key search words "gynecomastia", "gynaecomastia", "gynecomazia" and "gynaecomazia".

Obtaining a good lip roll in congenital, secondary and traumatic cleft lip repairs.

The present article includes a video designed to show the reader/viewer how to obtain a better lip roll in primary and secondary cleft lips as well as in traumatic cleft lips. The key is to not damage the delicate glands and fat in the lip roll. The actual surgery demonstrated in the video is a cleft lip redo with an effaced lip roll.

A review of pain pumps in plastic surgery.

Continuous infusions of local anesthetics for postoperative analgesia have been used for several years by numerous surgical subspecialties. Plastic surgery has only recently embraced these pain pumps, most of which have been used in breast and abdominal surgery. Many different pain pump systems are available.

The hyperthermic effect of a distal volar forearm nerve block: a possible treatment of acute digital frostbite injuries?

Background: The authors have observed that carpal tunnel surgery nerve blocks consisting of subfascial distal volar forearm injection of 10 cc of 1% lidocaine with epinephrine result in fingers that appear hyperemic, warm, and numb in both median and ulnar nerve distributions. The purposes of this study were to (1) determine whether forearm nerve blocks in patients undergoing carpal tunnel releases result in an objective increase in finger temperature, and (2) document the location and duration of finger anesthesia.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients undergoing unilateral carpal tunnel release were studied prospectively.

Transforming growth factor-beta and its effect on reepithelialization of partial-thickness ear wounds in transgenic mice.

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is known to affect nearly every aspect of wound repair. Many of the effects have been extensively investigated; however, the primary effect of endogenously derived TGF-beta on wound reepithelialization is still not completely understood. To examine this, two types of wounds were made on a transgenic mouse over-expressing TGF-beta1.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: case report and discussion.

We report a case involving an 81-tear-old man with schizoaffective disorder who presented with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) after an increase in his neuroleptic dose. NMS, a rare but potentially fatal complication of neuroleptic medications (e.g.