Overcoming Barriers: Sex Disparity in Surgeon Ergonomics.

Background: Musculoskeletal discomfort is widely experienced by surgeons across multiple surgical specialties. Developing technologies and new minimally invasive techniques add further complexity and ergonomic stressors. These stressors differentially affect male and female surgeons, but little is known about the role these sex disparities play in surgical ergonomic stress.

Optimizing ergonomics during open, laparoscopic, and robotic-assisted surgery: A review of surgical ergonomics literature and development of educational illustrations.

Background: The surgical profession is plagued with a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. While numerous interventions have been tested over the years, surgical ergonomics education is still uncommon.

Methods: The available literature on surgical ergonomics was reviewed, and with input from surgeons, recommendations from the review were used to create pictorial reminders for open, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted surgical modalities.

Indian surgery Trainee's perspective on surgical ergonomics principles and education: A long road ahead.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the baseline knowledge and beliefs, along with the impact of incorporating surgical ergonomics lectures during a residency.

Methods: A cohort of 123 Indian surgical residents participated in this educational intervention, which consisted of two educational webinars on ergonomics. Both pre- and post-intervention surveys were electronically sent to the participants.

Metastatic Disease to a Concurrent Thyroid Neoplasm: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Background: Metastatic disease to the thyroid gland is uncommon but well-described. Metastatic disease to a concurrent primary thyroid neoplasm is a rare phenomenon. We sought to study patients with metastasis to the thyroid with a focus on the histopathologic and clinical features in tumor-to-tumor metastasis.

Endocrine surgeons have high rates of work-related musculoskeletal (MSK) injury and symptoms.

Background: Work-related injury and musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms are common among surgeons, however data for endocrine surgeons (ES) are lacking.

Methods: A survey was distributed to American Association of Endocrine Surgeons (AAES) and Endocrine section of American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) members.

Results: MSK symptoms were present in 199 (90%) of 220 respondents, most notably pain (91%) and stiffness (81%).

The State of the World's Midwifery 2021 report: findings to drive global policy and practice.

The third global State of the World's Midwifery report (SoWMy 2021) provides an updated evidence base on the sexual, reproductive, maternal, newborn and adolescent health (SRMNAH) workforce. For the first time, SoWMy includes high-income countries (HICs) as well as low- and middle-income countries. This paper describes the similarities and differences between regions and income groups, and discusses the policy implications of these variations.

Expression of cancer stem cell markers in tall cell variant papillary thyroid cancer identifies a molecular profile predictive of recurrence in classic papillary thyroid cancer.

Background: Tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is an aggressive subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma. We examined expression of cancer stem cell markers in tall cell variant compared with other well-differentiated thyroid cancers.

Methods: Expression of cancer stem cell markers was examined in 572 thyroid tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas Thyroid Cancer database and tall cell variant and papillary thyroid carcinoma tumors by immunohistochemistry.

Influence of endocrine multidisciplinary tumor board on patient management and treatment decision making.

Background: Multidisciplinary Tumor Boards (MDT) are used to obtain input regarding cancer management. This study assessed the impact of our institutional Endocrine MDT.

Methods: MDT notes on patients with thyroid cancer treated during 2012-2018 were abstracted retrospectively from the electronic medical record.

Incorporating Surgical Ergonomics Education into Surgical Residency Curriculum.

Background: Education on surgical ergonomics during residency training is lacking. This study aimed to determine the feasibility and impact of incorporating surgical ergonomics lectures into residency curriculum.

Methods: A survey was distributed to 42 residents with questions regarding demographics, surgical factors, prevalence of musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms, and awareness of ergonomic recommendations.

Evaluation of switch from satellite laboratory to central laboratory for testing of intraoperative parathyroid hormone.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate testing turnaround time (TAT) and incision to close time in parathyroid surgeries before and after switching intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) testing from a near point of care location to a central clinical laboratory.

Design And Methods: This retrospective study covered a ten-year period. Both testing locations used the same Roche Diagnostics PTH immunoassay but on different analyzers.

The Association of Women Surgeons research grant: An analysis of the first 25 years.

Background: The impact of the Association of Women Surgeons (AWS) Research Grant on academic productivity is unknown.

Methods: Grant applications were obtained from AWS archives. Applicant bibliometrics and National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants were identified via public databases.

Racial disparities in comorbid conditions among patients undergoing thyroidectomy for Graves' disease: An ACS-NSQIP analysis.

Background: Studies indicate that racial disparities exist in the presentation and outcomes of patients undergoing thyroidectomy for cancer and benign disease. We examined the relationship between race, pre-operative characteristics and outcomes in patients undergoing thyroidectomy for GD.

Methods: Patients were identified from the 2013-2016 American College of Surgeons NSQIP database using ICD-9/10 codes consistent with diffuse toxic goiter.

Leaving no one behind: Is the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals possible without securing the dignity, rights, and well-being of those who are "invisible"?

The persistence of obstetric fistula-a devastating childbirth injury occurring largely among poor, marginalized women and girls-constitutes a human rights violation and a public health crisis. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to "leave no one behind." Failing to eliminate fistula jeopardizes attainment of several of the SDGs.

Discordant findings on preoperative imaging for primary hyperparathyroidism and thyroid disease: Choosing the path to follow.

Background: Preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism is often obtained by sestamibi, and ultrasonography. We aimed to identify which modality is most accurate when laterality of abnormal glands on preoperative imaging is discordant.

Methods: A single institution retrospective review identified 112 consecutive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent successful parathyroidectomy and sestamibi with pertechnetate.

BST-2 promotes survival in circulation and pulmonary metastatic seeding of breast cancer cells.

Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) mediates various facets of cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we show that BST-2 is linked to poor survival in invasive breast cancer patients as its expression positively correlates with disease severity. However, the mechanisms that drive the pro-metastatic functions of BST-2 are not fully understood.

Risk factors for 30-day readmission after adrenalectomy.

Background: Readmissions represent a substantial burden to the health care system. Risk factors for 30-day readmission after adrenalectomy were examined.

Methods: Patients who underwent adrenalectomy were selected from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2011 to 2015.

Targeting the SUMO pathway as a novel treatment for anaplastic thyroid cancer.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are expanded in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) and standard treatment approaches have failed to improve survival, suggesting a need to specifically target the CSC population. Recent studies in breast and colorectal cancer demonstrated that inhibition of the SUMO pathway repressed CD44 and cleared the CSC population, mediated through SUMO-unconjugated TFAP2A. We sought to evaluate effects of inhibiting the SUMO pathway in ATC.

Pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma: trends in practice and outcomes over 40 years at a single tertiary care institution.

Background: This study aims to analyze changes in characteristics, practice and outcomes of pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) at our tertiary care institution.

Methods: Patients <21 years of age diagnosed between 1973 and 2013 were identified. Clinicopathological data, treatment and outcomes were obtained by a retrospective review.

Comparative analysis of radioactive iodine versus thyroidectomy for definitive treatment of Graves disease.

Background: Management of Graves disease includes antithyroid drugs, I therapy, or thyroidectomy. Our aim was to review our institutional experience with definitive treatments for Graves disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients undergoing I therapy (n = 295) or thyroidectomy (n = 103) for Graves disease (2003-2015).