A protocol for a feasibility study of Cognitive Bias Modification training (IVY) countering fatigue in people with breast cancer.

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most prevalent, distressing, and quality of life disturbing symptom during and after cancer treatment for many cancer types including breast cancer. The experience and burden of this symptom can induce a cognitive bias towards fatigue or a fatigue-related self-image, which can further increase the fatigue symptoms and related behaviour. For this, a Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) eHealth app (IVY) has been developed.

Patient access to perioperative chemotherapy with fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin and docetaxel in patients with resectable gastric cancer in the Netherlands.

Background: The FLOT4 trial demonstrated superior survival of perioperative chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) compared to anthracycline triplets for resectable gastric cancer. These results were presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) congress in June 2017 and published in April 2019. However, adoption of novel treatments in clinical practice often encounters delays.

Risk factors for readmission following esophagectomy and gastrectomy for cancer.

Introduction: Hospital readmission after surgery is a key quality indicator. This nationwide cohort study aimed to assess readmission rates following esophagectomy and gastrectomy for cancer and identify associated risk factors.

Methods: Data were extracted from the Dutch Upper GI Cancer Audit (DUCA) for patients with esophagogastric cancer who underwent esophagectomy or gastrectomy with curative intent between January 2011 and June 2016.

Maximizing the Impact and ROI of Leadership Development: A Theory- and Evidence-Informed Framework.

Globally, organizations invest an estimated USD 60 billion annually in leadership development; however, the workplace application of learning is typically low, and many programs underperform or fail, resulting in wasted time and money and potential harm. This article presents a novel theory- and evidence-informed framework to maximize the outcomes and return on investment (ROI) of leadership development programs. The foundation of the framework derives from four separate literature reviews: three systematic reviews on leadership development, including the only two to isolate gold-standard elements of effective design, delivery, and evaluation, and one on "training transfer".

Study of Amino Acid-Derived 3-Acyltetramic Acids as Herbicidal Agents.

The growing problem of herbicide resistance necessitates the development of novel herbicidal active ingredients, together with other integrated weed management approaches. Natural products are a major source of inspiration for novel actives. In previous research, we identified a 3-acyltetramic acid of microbial origin that inhibited algal growth in marine biofilms, at least in part through inhibition of photosystem II.

Maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with multiple sclerosis disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Little is known regarding the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Consequently, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to study the impacts of MS on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with a history of MS.

Methods: This review was designed in line with the PRISMA guidelines.

Perioperative Chemotherapy for Gastro-Esophageal or Gastric Cancer: Anthracyclin Triplets versus FLOT.

The FLOT4-AIO trial (2019) showed improved survival with perioperative fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel (FLOT) compared to anthracyclin triplets in gastric cancer treatment. It is unclear whether these results extend to real-world scenarios in the Netherlands. This study aimed to compare outcomes of perioperative FLOT to anthracyclin triplets in a real-world Dutch gastric cancer population.

Lessons learned from revision procedures: a case series pleading for reinforcement of the anterior hiatus in recurrent hiatal hernia.

Background: Hiatal Hernia (HH) is a common structural defect of the diaphragm. Laparoscopic repair with suturing of the hiatal pillars followed by fundoplication has become standard practice. In an attempt to lower HH recurrence rates, mesh reinforcement, commonly located at the posterior site of the esophageal hiatus, has been used.

Gold standard research and evidence applied: The Inspire Nursing Leadership Program.

Billions of dollars are invested annually in leadership development globally; however, few programs are evidence-based, risking adverse outcomes, and wasted time and money. This article describes the novel Inspire Nursing Leadership Program (INLP) and the outcomes-based process of incorporating gold standard evidence into its design, delivery, and evaluation. The INLP design was informed by a needs analysis, research evidence, and by nursing, Indigenous, and equity, diversity, and inclusion experts.

Health risk communication and infodemic management in Iran: development and validation of a conceptual framework.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant gaps in Iran's and other health systems' risk communication. The accompanying infodemic undermined policy responses, amplified distrust in government and reduced adherence to public health recommendations among the Iranian population. This study aimed to develop a conceptual framework for health risk communication and infodemic management (RCIM) during epidemics and health emergencies in Iran that could have potential applications in other contexts.

Cognitive Bias Modification Training Targeting Fatigue in Patients With Kidney Disease: Usability Study.

Background: Fatigue is an important symptom for many patients, including patients with kidney disease. Cognitive biases, such as attentional bias and self-identity bias, are thought to influence fatigue. Cognitive bias modification (CBM) training is a promising technique to counter fatigue.

A probabilistic successor representation for context-dependent learning.

Two of the main impediments to learning complex tasks are that relationships between different stimuli, including rewards, can be uncertain and context-dependent. Reinforcement learning (RL) provides a framework for learning, by predicting total future reward directly (model-free RL), or via predictions of future states (model-based RL). Within this framework, "successor representation" (SR) predicts total future occupancy of all states.

Hospital practice variation in the proportion of patients with esophagogastric cancer discussed during an expert multidisciplinary team meeting.

Background: Multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTM) and especially MDTMs in which expert centres are involved (expert MDTMs) are a key element in adequate cancer care. However, variation among hospitals in the proportion of patients presented during an expert MDTM has been described. This study aims to investigate national practice variation in the proportion of patients with oesophageal or gastric cancer being discussed during an expert MDTM.

Successful Use of Continuous Veno-Venous Haemodialysis in a Case of Potential Lethal Caffeine Intoxication.

Here we describe the case of a potentially lethal caffeine intoxication after the reported ingestion of 10 g of caffeine. Due to hemodynamic instability with tachycardia and hypertension with an insufficient effect of continuous labetalol infusion, the patient was started on continuous veno-venous haemodialysis (CVVHD). After successful treatment for 15 h, CVVHD could be discontinued, and the patient was discharged home the next day.

Rapid lignin quantification for fungal wood pretreatment by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.

Lignin determination in lignocellulose with the conventional two-step acid hydrolysis method is highly laborious and time-consuming. However, its quantification is crucial to monitor fungal pretreatment of wood, as the increase of acid-insoluble lignin (AIL) degradation linearly correlates with the achievable enzymatic saccharification yield. Therefore, in this study, a new attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy method was developed to track fungal delignification in an easy and rapid manner.

Actigraphy informs distinct patient-centered outcomes in Pre-COPD.

Background: Actigraphy can provide useful patient-centered outcomes for quantification of physical activity in the "real-world" setting.

Methods: To characterize the relationship of actigraphy outputs with "in-laboratory" measures of cardiopulmonary function and respiratory symptoms in pre-COPD, we obtained actigraphy data for 8 h/day for 5 consecutive days a week before in-laboratory administration of respiratory questionnaires, PFT, and CPET to a subgroup of subjects participating in the larger study of the health effects of exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke who had air trapping but no spirometric obstruction (pre-COPD). Using machine learning approaches, we identified the most relevant actigraphy predictors and examined their associations with symptoms, lung function, and exercise outcomes.

Evidence-based medical leadership development: a systematic review.

Health systems invest significant resources in leadership development for physicians and other health professionals. Competent leadership is considered vital for maintaining and improving quality and patient safety. We carried out this systematic review to synthesise new empirical evidence regarding medical leadership development programme factors which are associated with outcomes at the clinical and organisational levels.

Brainstorming With a Social Robot Facilitator: Better Than Human Facilitation Due to Reduced Evaluation Apprehension?

Brainstorming is a creative technique used to support productivity and creativity during the idea generation phase of an innovation process. In professional practice, a facilitator structures, regulates, and motivates those behaviors of participants that help maintain productivity and creativity during a brainstorm. Emerging technologies, such as social robots, are being developed to support or even automate the facilitator's role.

Guidance for Health Care Leaders During the Recovery Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Consensus Statement.

Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic is the greatest global test of health leadership of our generation. There is an urgent need to provide guidance for leaders at all levels during the unprecedented preresolution recovery stage.

Objective: To create an evidence- and expertise-informed framework of leadership imperatives to serve as a resource to guide health and public health leaders during the postemergency stage of the pandemic.

A general model of hippocampal and dorsal striatal learning and decision making.

Humans and other animals use multiple strategies for making decisions. Reinforcement-learning theory distinguishes between stimulus-response (model-free; MF) learning and deliberative (model-based; MB) planning. The spatial-navigation literature presents a parallel dichotomy between navigation strategies.

Evidence-based leadership development for physicians: A systematic literature review.

Interest in leadership development in healthcare is substantial. Yet it remains unclear which interventions are most reliably associated with positive outcomes. We focus on the important area of physician leadership development in a systematic literature review of the latest research from 2007 to 2016.

Personalized Care Plans: Are They Effective in Decreasing ED Visits and Health Care Expenditure Among Adult Super-Utilizers?

Problem: Super-utilizers comprise 4.5% to 8% of all ED patients, but account for 21% to 28% of all ED visits. Excessive use of the emergency department contributes to increased health care costs, recurrent and unnecessary ED workup, decreased emergency readiness, and reduced staff morale.

Lung volumes identify an at-risk group in persons with prolonged secondhand tobacco smoke exposure but without overt airflow obstruction.

Introduction: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is associated with occult obstructive lung disease as evident by abnormal airflow indices representing small airway disease despite having preserved spirometry (normal forced expiratory volume in 1 s-to-forced vital capacity ratio, FEV/FVC). The significance of lung volumes that reflect air trapping in the presence of preserved spirometry is unclear.

Methods: To investigate whether lung volumes representing air trapping could determine susceptibility to respiratory morbidity in people with SHS exposure but without spirometric chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we examined a cohort of 256 subjects with prolonged occupational SHS exposure and preserved spirometry.

The relationship between conflict awareness and behavioral and oscillatory signatures of immediate and delayed cognitive control.

Cognitive control over conflict, mediated by the prefrontal cortex, is an important skill for successful decision-making. Although it has been shown that cognitive control may operate unconsciously, it has recently been proposed that control operations may be driven by the metacognitive awareness of conflict, e.g.