Murine orthotopic lung transplant models: A comprehensive overview of genetic mismatch degrees and histopathological insights into chronic lung allograft dysfunction.

Currently, lung transplantation outcome remains inferior compared to other solid organ transplantations. A major cause for limited survival after lung transplantation is chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Numerous animal models have been developed to investigate chronic lung allograft dysfunction to discover adequate treatments.

The Association between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and the Prevalence of Comorbidities in Lung Transplant Recipients.

Introduction: Lung transplant recipients are often physically inactive and are at risk of developing comorbidities. We investigated whether objectively measured physical activity was associated with the prevalence of comorbidities.

Methods: Physical activity (accelerometry) and the presence of cardiovascular disease, symptoms of depression and anxiety, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, lower extremity artery disease, muscle weakness, obesity, and osteoporosis were assessed in 108 lung transplant recipients.

Management of infectious disease syndromes in thoracic organ transplants and mechanical circulatory device recipients: a Delphi panel.

Purpose: Antimicrobial misuse contributes to antimicrobial resistance in thoracic transplant (TTx) and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) recipients. This study uses a modified Delphi method to define the expected appropriate antimicrobial prescribing for the common clinical scenarios encountered in TTx and MCS recipients.

Methods: An online questionnaire on managing 10 common infectious disease syndromes was submitted to a multidisciplinary Delphi panel of 25 experts from various disciplines.

COVID-19 Outcomes in Lung Transplant Recipients Following Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis With Tixagevimab-Cilgavimab During the Omicron BA.5 Surge: A Single Center Analysis.

Lung transplant (LTx) recipients are at high risk for COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality. Data regarding pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tixagevimab-cilgavimab in this population are scarce. We therefore evaluated COVID-19 breakthrough infections and COVID-19 related complications after PrEP in a retrospective single-center study, including 264 LTx recipients who received PrEP between June 2022 and December 2022, when Omicron BA.

Complications related to extracorporeal life support in lung transplantation: single-center analysis.

Background: Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is not routinely used at our center during sequential single-lung transplantation (LTx), but is restricted to anticipate and overcome hemodynamic and respiratory problems occurring peri-operatively. In this retrospective descriptive cohort study, we aim to describe our single-center experience with ECLS in LTx, analyzing ECLS-related complications.

Methods: All transplantations with peri-operative ECLS use [2010-2020] were retrospectively analyzed.

Outcomes of liver transplantation for hepatopulmonary syndrome in patients with concomitant respiratory disease.

Background & Aims: Concomitant respiratory disease is a common finding in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). Among patients who underwent liver transplantation (LT) for HPS, we compared characteristics and outcome of patients with versus without concomitant respiratory disease.

Methods: This single center retrospective observational study included patients with HPS who underwent LT between 1999 and 2020.

Prognostic Value of Chest CT Findings at BOS Diagnosis in Lung Transplant Recipients.

Background: Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after lung transplantation is characterized by fibrotic small airway remodeling, recognizable on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). We studied the prognostic value of key HRCT features at BOS diagnosis after lung transplantation.

Methods: The presence and severity of bronchiectasis, mucous plugging, peribronchial thickening, parenchymal anomalies, and air trapping, summarized in a total severity score, were assessed using a simplified Brody II scoring system on HRCT at BOS diagnosis, in a cohort of 106 bilateral lung transplant recipients transplanted between January 2004 and January 2016.

COVID-19 progression in hospitalized patients using follow-up CT and microCT.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and evolve to pulmonary fibrosis. Computed tomography (CT) is used to study disease progression and describe radiological patterns in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to assess disease progression regarding lung volume and density over time on follow-up chest CT and give a unique look at parenchymal and morphological airway changes in "end-stage" COVID-19 lungs using microCT.

Nonpharmacological interventions in COPD.

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Lung transplantation for COPD/pulmonary emphysema.

COPD and α-1 antitrypsin deficiency emphysema remain one of the major indications for lung transplantation. If all other treatment possibilities are exhausted or not possible (including rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, noninvasive ventilation, lung volume reduction), patients may qualify for lung transplantation. Strict selection criteria are implemented with a lot of relative and absolute contraindications.

Aspergillus-Specific IgG Antibodies are Associated With Fungal-Related Complications and Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction After Lung Transplantation.

Fungal exposure and sensitization negatively affect outcomes in various respiratory diseases, however, the effect of fungal sensitization in lung transplant (LTx) recipients is still unknown. We performed a retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data on circulating fungal specific IgG/IgE antibodies, and their correlation with fungal isolation, chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and overall survival after LTx. 311 patients transplanted between 2014 and 2019 were included.

Lung Transplant Outcome From Selected Older Donors (≥70 Years) Equals Younger Donors (<70 Years): A Propensity-matched Analysis.

Objective: To describe our experience with lung transplantation (LTx) from donors ≥70 years and compare short and long-term outcomes to a propensity-matched cohort of donors <70 years.

Background: Although extended-criteria donors have been widely used to enlarge the donor pool, the experience with LTx from older donors (≥70 years) remains limited.

Methods: All single-center bilateral LTx between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.

Endovascular transatrial stenting of pulmonary vein stenosis after lung transplantation.

Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) and pulmonary vein occlusion (PVO) represent rare complications after lung transplantation (LTx), with limited therapeutic options and a high risk of graft loss. We present 2 cases of successful endovascular transatrial stenting following double LTx. A 60-year-old woman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who underwent double lobar LTx was diagnosed at postoperative day 72 with a high-grade PVS on the left side.

Molecular Profiling of Tissue Samples with Chronic Rejection from Patients with Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction: A Pilot Study in Cystic Fibrosis Patients.

Chronic rejection (CR) is the main culprit for reduced survival and quality of life in patients undergoing lung transplantation (Ltx). High-throughput approaches have been used to unveil the molecular pathways of CR, mainly in the blood and/or in bronchoalveolar lavage. We hypothesized that a distinct molecular signature characterizes the biopsies of recipients with clinically confirmed histological signs of CR.

Radiologic and Histologic Correlates of Early Interstitial Lung Changes in Explanted Lungs.

Background Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) reflect imaging features on lung CT scans that are compatible with (early) interstitial lung disease. Despite accumulating evidence regarding the incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of ILAs, the histopathologic correlates of ILAs remain elusive. Purpose To determine the correlation between radiologic and histopathologic findings in CT-defined ILAs in human lung explants.