No H- and L-type cases in Belgium in cattle diagnosed with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (1999-2008) aging seven years and older.

Background: The bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) epidemic presented homogeneity of the phenotype. This classical BSE (called C-type) was probably due to the contamination of the food chain by a single prion strain. However, due to the active surveillance and better techniques, two rare variants of BSE have been recently reported in different continents without a clear correlation to the BSE epidemic.

Detection of polymorphisms in the prion protein gene in the Belgian sheep population: some preliminary data.

The development of clinical signs of TSE/scrapie in sheep has been linked to polymorphisms in the prion protein (PRNP) gene. The most important polymorphisms appear to be at codons 136, 154, and 171. The objective of this study was to investigate the polymorphisms at these codons in the Belgian sheep population, including clinical healthy animals, healthy animals at the slaughterhouse and animals in TSE/scrapie positive farms (including a Nor98 farm).

Evolution of coccidial infection in commercial and domestic rabbits between 1982 and 1986.

Caecal samples were collected from 751 domestic rabbits of various origin and from 1229 diarrhoeic rabbits issued from 61 commercial rabbitries. They were screened for coccidiosis. In 1982, the year of introduction of the anticoccidial robenidine in commercial rabbit feeds, a dramatic decrease of coccidial infection ratio was detected in commercial rabbitries: only 6% of samples contained greater than 100 oocysts per gram against 85% in 1979, when sulphaquinoxaline/pyrimethamine was used.

Biotype, serotype, and pathogenicity of attaching and effacing enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic commercial rabbits.

A total of 568 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from healthy and diarrheic rabbits were separated into 11 different biotypes according to the fermentation patterns of four carbohydrates. Strains belonging to biotypes 1 to 3, 6, and 8 induced lesions characteristic for attaching and effacing E. coli (AEEC).

Efficacy of toltrazuril against intestinal and hepatic coccidiosis in rabbits.

The anticoccidial effect of toltrazuril (Bay Vi 9142) against Eimeria flavescens, E. intestinalis, E. magna, E.

Significance of Clostridium spiroforme in the enteritis-complex of commercial rabbits.

Commercial rabbits showing clinical signs of enteritis-complex were examined for the presence of Clostridium spiroforme and its iota-like toxin. The bacterium was detected by Gram stain in 52.4% of 149 cecal samples and iota-like toxin in 7.

Naturally-occurring Tyzzer's disease (Bacillus piliformis infection) in commercial rabbits: a clinical and pathological study.

Tyzzer's disease has been detected in nine unrelated, commercial rabbitries. During the acute stage of the disease, recently weaned rabbits showed profuse watery diarrhoea. Mortality was between 14.

Experimental Escherichia coli enteropathy in weanling rabbits: clinical manifestations and pathological findings.

Diarrhoea was reproduced by inoculating 5-week-old New Zealand White rabbits orally with 2 X 10(6) CFU of E. coli 0.15:H-.

Immunity and effect of clopidol/methyl benzoquate and robenidine before and after weaning on rabbit coccidiosis in the field.

For 15 months the anticoccidial effect of 200 ppm clopidol/methyl benzoquate and of 50 ppm robenidine, and the development of immunity against five different species of Eimeria were followed in a closed rabbit population. In unmedicated rabbits, oocyst output decreased progressively with increasing age to a very low level in animals older than four months, but none of the species present disappeared completely in adult animals. No clinical symptoms nor mortality from coccidiosis was noted in reproduction stock.

Efficacy of narasin against hepatic and intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits.

The anticoccidial effect of narasin against Eimeria flavescens, E. intestinalis, E. magna, E.

Coccidiosis in rabbits: a field study.

During a survey 1052 faecal samples were examined in commercial and domestic rabbitries in Belgium. Nine different species of Eimeria were recognised. E magna, E media and E perforans were very common in both production methods.