Recurrence of anxiety disorders and its predictors in the general population.

Background: Anxiety disorders frequently recur in clinical populations, but the risk of recurrence of anxiety disorders is largely unknown in the general population. In this study, recurrence of anxiety and its predictors were studied in a large cohort of the adult general population.

Methods: Baseline, 3-year and 6-year follow-up data were derived from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 (NEMESIS-2).

[A different look at the quality of psychiatry education: trainee perspective].

The (medical) educational literature does not contain an unequivocal answer to the question 'what is a good quality post-graduate education in psychiatry?'.
AIM: To describe the meaning of 'quality' and the role of psychiatrists in training (residents or trainees) in achieving and monitoring high-quality post-graduate psychiatry education in the Netherlands.
METHOD: Critical consideration of the current system of post-graduate education in psychiatry.

Mental problems among first-year conservatory students compared with medical students.

Musical education and the musical profession can be stressful, which may make musicians vulnerable for stress-related disorders. To determine if music students are particularly at risk for mental problems, we used the Standardised Assessment of Personality-Abbreviated Scale (SAPAS) and the Symptom Questionnaire (SQ48S) to compare symptoms in first-year conservatory students (n=33) and first-year medical students (n=43). On the SAPAS, we found that medical students have significantly more difficulty making and keeping friends (p=0.

Diagnostic value of five clinical tests in patellofemoral pain syndrome.

The current study is aimed at examining the validity of five clinical patellofemoral tests used in the diagnosis of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Forty-five knee patients were divided into either the PFPS or the non-PFPS group, based on the fulfilment of the diagnostic criteria for PFPS. An investigator, blinded to the group assignment, performed the vastus medialis coordination test, patellar apprehension test, Waldron's test, Clarke's test, and the eccentric step test.

Standardized treatment of intra-articular calcaneal fractures using an oblique lateral incision and no bone graft.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate our protocol with the modified skin incision without bone graft in the treatment of intra-articular calcaneal fractures in a consecutive series.

Methods: Thirty-three displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures operatively treated by a single surgeon were evaluated. Each fracture was managed according to a standardized protocol that included an oblique lateral incision and stable internal fixation, without supplemental bone graft.

Equivalence of hyperfractionated and continuous brachytherapy in a rat tumor model and remarkable effectiveness when preceded by external irradiation.

Purpose: In clinical brachytherapy, there is a tendency to replace continuous low-dose-rate (LDR) irradiation by either single-dose or fractionated high-dose-rate (HDR) irradiation. In this study, the equivalence of LDR treatments and fractionated HDR (2 fractions/day) or pulsed-dose-rate (PDR, 4 fractions/day) schedules in terms of tumor cure was investigated in an experimental tumor model.

Methods And Materials: Tumors (rat rhabdomyosarcoma R1M) were grown s.

Tumor hypoxia--a confounding or exploitable factor in interstitial brachytherapy? Effects of tissue trauma in an experimental rat tumor model.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential effects of tumor hypoxia induced by afterloading catheter implantation on the effectiveness of brachytherapy in a rat tumor model.

Methods And Materials: Afterloading catheters (4) were implanted in subcutaneously growing R1M rhabdomyosarcoma in female Wag/Rij rats. A MicroSelectron (Nucletron) was used for interstitial high-dose-rate irradiation ((192)Ir).

Bone growth after osteotomy and internal fixation in young rabbits.

The factors leading to overgrowth following fixation of long-bone fractures in children have never been clearly understood. The amount of trauma and the type of fixation may play a role. A rabbit model was used to investigate the influence of a femoral osteotomy and plate fixation on subsequent growth.

Indirect reduction and internal fixation of supracondylar femur fractures without bone graft.

Thirty supracondylar-intercondylar fractures of the distal femur were treated in a prospective series using an indirect reduction technique. From January 1988 to July 1993, patients who entered into this protocol had undergone fixation with a distal lateral plate without stripping of the medial soft tissues and without bone graft. With this technique, 86.

Interstitial hyperthermia and interstitial radiotherapy of a rat rhabdomyosarcoma; effects of sequential treatment and consequences for clonogenic repopulation.

Animal tumour experiments have been performed to elucidate the interactions between interstitial hyperthermia (IHT) and interstitial radiotherapy (IRT), and to obtain information about the most effective sequence of these treatment modalities. Experimental tumours, transplanted in the flank of Wag/Rij rats, were treated with IHT for 0.5 h at 44 degrees C, and with IRT using low dose-rate (LDR) iridium-192 sources.

Radial head fractures and their effect on the distal radioulnar joint. A rationale for treatment.

Nineteen patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation for radial head fractures. Open reduction and internal fixation was performed to avoid radial head excision and the possible development of distal radioulnar joint dysfunction. Follow-up observation, which averaged 11.

Lack of therapeutic gain when low dose rate interstitial radiotherapy is combined with cisplatin in an animal tumour model.

The interaction of cisplatin with low dose rate interstitial radiotherapy was studied in an animal tumour model with a range of dose rats commonly used in clinical low dose rate brachytherapy. Small pieces of R1-rhabdomyosarcoma were implanted subcutaneously in the flanks of female Wag/Rij rats. When the tumour had grown to the desired treatment volume, four afterloading catheters were inserted in the tumour in a square geometry, and a fixed spacing was attained by means of a template.

Application of a capacitive-coupling interstitial hyperthermia system at 27 MHz: study of different applicator configurations.

A 27 MHz capacitive-coupling interstitial hyperthermia system has been developed. It uses thin flexible applicators which can easily be inserted in standard brachytherapy catheters. The system can be operated in two different configurations.

Pain clinic #15. Treatment of sciatic nerve causalgia following pelvic fracture.

Direct injury to the sciatic nerve may occur in patients who sustain acetabular/pelvic fractures. Sciatic nerve causalgia has been noted in patients who suffer posterior wall acetabular fracture with or without ipsilateral hip dislocation. Sympathetic nervous system dysfunction is considered the primary cause for this syndrome, although some investigators suggest central nervous system involvement.

The effect of age on the oxidative metabolism of antipyrine by uninduced microsomal fractions of rat liver.

The influence of ageing on the metabolism of antipyrine by different forms of cytochrome P-450 was studied in vitro, by measuring the formation of antipyrine metabolites by microsomes isolated from untreated rats, which were grouped into 5 different ages. Km, Vmax and Vmax/Km values were determined for the metabolites: 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine (HMA), norantipyrine (NORA) and 4-hydroxyantipyrine (OHA). Km values for all metabolites ranged from 2.

Tips of the trade #21. Simplified starting technique for femoral intramedullary rodding.

A simplified method for determining the position of and creating the proximal starting hole for a femoral intramedullary rod is presented. The method, which uses the combination reamer from the DHS hip screw set and other equipment found in most operating rooms, increases the certainty of correct placement of the proximal starting hole. The difficulties and risks inherent in the use of the starting awl are eliminated.

Internal fixation of proximal radial head fractures.

The treatment of choice for proximal radial head fractures remains controversial. The goal of any treatment for an intra-articular fracture must be the complete restoration of the joint and its function. Nonoperative treatment leads to full motion in cases of less than 1-2 mm of fracture displacement.

Irrigation drainage with intracatheter in severe infections of the hand.

Severe infections of the hand and fingers still challenge the surgeon's skill in spite of modern antibiotics. Very often patients are referred too late, with inadequate incisions and insufficient drainage. In addition, wound edges tend to seal up rapidly, even if no sutures are inserted.

[17-year results following vagotomy and pyloroplasty].

Report on 51 patients who underwent surgery for peptic ulcer between 1964 and 1966 by truncular vagotomy and pyloroplasty. The recurrence rate was 6.6% for duodenal ulcer and 19.