Role of a Dementia Virtual Reality App in Developing Situated Empathy, Attitude and Person-Centred Care-A Qualitative Approach.

Background: The demands of any health education programme including nurse education would benefit from innovative ways to support students learning in an effective and efficient manner. Such approaches resonate particularly when caring for older people living with dementia, due to multifactorial manifestations of the condition, patients' difficulty in articulating their needs and the potential for negative care outcomes. Empathy is an important part of understanding dementia and is also recognised as a complex and multidimensional concept.

Keeping Healthcare Workers Safe During a Pandemic: Evaluating Doffing Area Design for Safer Removal of Personal Protective Equipment.

Objective: This study proposes a user-centered methodology to quantify the design affordances of doffing spaces, focusing on the safety and efficiency of healthcare workers (HCWs).

Background: Doffing personal protective equipment (PPE) poses a significant challenge for healthcare workers (HCWs) due to the high risk of self-contamination. The physical design of the doffing area plays an important role in ensuring safety during this process.

Diabetes distress among immigrants of south Asian descent living in New York City: baseline results from the DREAM randomized control trial.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) disproportionately affects individuals of South Asian descent. Additionally, diabetes distress (DD) may lead to complications with diabetes management. This study examines the prevalence of DD among foreign-born individuals of South Asian descent in New York City (NYC) and its association with sociodemographic and clinical factors.

Suppressing astrocytic GABA transaminase enhances tonic inhibition and weakens hippocampal spatial memory.

Pharmacological suppression of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase (GABA-T), the sole GABA-degrading enzyme and a potential therapeutic target for treating brain disorders such as epilepsy, increases not only phasic inhibition but also tonic inhibition. However, the specific cellular source, neuromodulatory effects and potential therapeutic benefits of this enhanced tonic inhibition remain unexplored due to the lack of cell-type-specific gene manipulation studies. Here we report that the increase in tonic GABA currents observed after GABA-T suppression is predominantly due to increased tonic GABA release from astrocytes rather than action-potential-dependent synaptic GABA spillover.

Comparative evaluation of cell-based assay technologies for scoring drug-induced condensation of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein.

Protein-nucleic acid phase separation has been implicated in many diseases such as viral infections, neurodegeneration, and cancer. There is great interest in identifying condensate modulators (CMODs), which are small molecules that alter the dynamics and functions of phase-separated condensates, as a potential therapeutic modality. Most CMODs were identified in cellular high-content screens (HCS) where micron-scale condensates were characterized by fluorescence microscopy.

Avicularin is a minor aldose reductase inhibitor in defatted seeds of Oenothera biennis L.: Screening, inhibitory kinetics, and interaction mechanism.

Inhibition of aldose reductase (AR) activity is promising for mitigating diabetic complications. Defatted evening primrose seeds (DO), a byproduct of evening primrose oil production, exhibits significant AR inhibitory effects. This study optimized extraction conditions of DO using response surface methodology to maximize the recovery of AR inhibitors (ARIs).

Targeting KEAP1-mediated IKKβ degradation strategy for colitis-associated colorectal carcinogenesis: The potential of xanthohumol.

In colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC), the NF-κB pathway, especially IKKβ, drives inflammation and cancer progression. However, no IKKβ inhibitors have been approved due to compensatory mechanisms. The challenge is to develop an anti-tumor agent that effectively targets IKKβ while overcoming these compensatory pathways.

Magnetic Capture of Functionalized Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron for Soil Remediation: A Feasibility Study on Transport Control.

Nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) has been proposed as a promising nanomaterial for soil remediation. However, injecting nZVI into contaminated sites to target and treat pollutant sources may pose potential environmental risks due to its colloidal stability and mobility in the environment. In this regard, this study assessed the feasibility of implementing magnetic capture of surface-functionalized nZVI in soil environments under the influence of the convective flow current.

"All doctors should be trained in that": The coproduction and mixed-methods evaluation of an educational toolkit to enable safe, high-quality genetic health care for people with intellectual disability.

Purpose: People with intellectual disability inequitably access high-quality genetic health care. However, they are keen to understand genetic health care and recommend that clinicians need education on delivering more inclusive care and that multimodal genetic health literacy resources should be coproduced.

Methods: Our inclusive research team applied best-practice coproduction principles to deliver a suite of resources, the GeneEQUAL Toolkit.

Immunotherapy for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Practical Guide of Current Controversies.

The role of immunotherapy as systemic therapy for nonmetastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved rapidly over the last decade. There are several well-conducted phase 3 clinical trials evaluating immunotherapy in the neoadjuvant, perioperative, adjuvant and nonoperative setting. In this narrative review, we summarize the data from these studies and discuss ongoing controversies in applying these data to clinical practice.

Protease-activated receptor 2: A promising therapeutic target for women's cancers.

Cancers affecting women, such as breast, uterine, ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers, have become increasingly prevalent. The growing incidence and death rates associated with these cancers warrant the development of innovative and alternative approaches to current treatments. This article investigates the association of women's cancers with a molecular target known as protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a G protein-coupled receptor that is expressed on the surface of cancer cells.

Dual inhibition of Mst1 and Mst2 exacerbates cardiac dysfunction during pressure overload stress in mice.

Heart failure remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The evolutionarily conserved Hippo-Yap signaling pathway regulates cardiac responses to stress and progression to heart failure. Mst1 and Mst2 are the core Hippo pathway kinases, yet their role within chronically stressed cardiomyocytes remains largely unknown.

Lived Education Experience of Young Adults With Childhood- and Adult-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Multicenter Canadian Qualitative Study.

Objective: Young adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have physical, cognitive, and psychosocial health issues and other comorbidities that may affect educational attainment and, ultimately, lifetime socioeconomic achievement. We aimed to understand the lived educational experiences of young adults with SLE and to assess their perceived barriers from SLE.

Methods: Individual semistructured interviews were conducted remotely with participants from 2 SLE clinics in Canada.

Skin Ulcer Development and Deterioration of Social Engagement among Nursing Home Residents.

Objectives: Skin ulcers are a critical indicator of quality of care in nursing homes that influence residents' physical, psychological, and social health. The objective of this study is to understand the influence of developing skin ulcers on deterioration in social engagement in nursing home residents.

Design: Observational retrospective cohort study with 1-year follow-up.

In vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacterales isolates collected from two general hospitals in Singapore.

The emerging resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems in gram-negative pathogens poses significant health challenges and increased treatment failures. The development and evaluation of novel therapeutic options are needed urgently. This study aimed to assess the in vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T), a new cephalosporin and β-lactamase inhibitor combination, against isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae from different infection sources in two general hospitals in Singapore.

Fish oil a source of omega-3 fatty acids affects hypothalamus heat resistance genes expressions and fatty acid composition in heat-stressed chicks.

This study investigated the effects of fish oil (FO) supplementation on the hypothalamus heat resistance gene expressions and fatty acid composition of chicks under acute high-temperature stress, for treating Cholestasis. A total of 48 chicks (Ross 308) at age of 14 days were acclimatized to corn oil or FO (n = 24 for each) by oral gavaging for 10 days, and then subjected to heat stress (35 ± 1 °C, HT) for 3 h or maintained at the normal temperature (26 ± 1 °C, NT) as grouped as NT and FO-NT control and HT and FO-HT (n = 12 for each)..

Bridging disciplines: An evaluation of learning about Interprofessional roles and responsibilities through an interactive group activity.

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines interprofessional education (IPE) as "when two or more professions learn about, from and with each other", and considers IPE a necessary component of a "collaborative practice-ready" workforce. In this article we describe an interprofessional educational activity that focused on increasing students' knowledge of healthcare professionals' roles and responsibilities. Faculty members representing six healthcare related disciplines collaborated to develop an interactive group activity.

The implications of bioelectrical impedance vector analysis in older adults with hip fractures.

Objectives: This study used bioelectrical impedance vector analysis to assess body composition in older adults with hip fractures, comparing results with reference populations.

Study Design: This cross-sectional study included patients aged 65 years or more who had undergone surgery for hip fracture and baseline bioelectrical impedance analysis at 50 kHz. Using raw impedance data, bioelectrical impedance vector analysis was conducted, calculating phase angle and analyzing resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) relative to height (R/H and Xc/H) on RXc graphs.

De novo variants in RYBP are associated with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder and congenital anomalies.

Purpose: Polycomb group proteins are key epigenetic transcriptional regulators. Multiple neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with pathogenic variants of the genes encoding Polycomb group proteins. RYBP is a core component of the noncanonical Polycomb Repressor Complex 1; however, its role in disease is unclear.

Development and Validation of Parental Self-Efficacy Scale for Dietary Management of Children with Food Allergies.

Background: It is necessary to evaluate the parental ability to achieve nutritional adequacy while avoiding allergens for children with food allergies (FA), yet this area is currently understudies. Our study aimed to develop and validate the Parental Self-Efficacy Scale for Dietary Management of Children with Food Allergies (PSED-FA).

Methods: PSED-FA was developed through a literature review and semi-structured interviews refined by a panel of five allergists and five dietitians, and validated using responses from caregivers of children with FA.

The viscosity and processing of molten lunar regolith.

Establishing a permanent, self-sufficient habitat for humans on planetary bodies is critical for successful space exploration. In-situ resource utilisation (ISRU) of locally available resources offers the possibility of an energy-efficient and cost-effective approach. This paper considers the high-temperature processing of molten lunar regolith under conditions which represent the lunar environment, namely low gravity, low temperature, and negligible atmospheric pressure.

Expression profiling and functional role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the immune and inflammatory responses of red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara).

Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) is a well-studied enzyme and a significant medicinal target associated with various inflammatory disorders. However, its role in pathogen-induced inflammatory responses in fish remains poorly understood. This study characterized the structural and functional properties of a Cox-2 homolog from red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara) (EaCox-2).

Comparison of Provisional 1-Stent Strategy With Drug-Eluting Balloon Versus Planned 2-Stent Strategy in Patients With Non-LM Coronary True-Bifurcation Lesions (PROVISION-DEB).

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for bifurcation lesions presents several difficulties and often results in suboptimal procedural, postprocedural clinical outcomes. While the provisional 1-stent strategy is generally favored for its simplicity and favorable outcomes, a few studies suggest no significant difference between 1-stent and 2-stent techniques for true bifurcation lesions. Drug-eluting balloons (DEBs) have demonstrated potential in small vessel disease, including bifurcation side branches.

Long-Term Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine in Adolescents.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic's transition to an endemic phase emphasizes the importance of vaccination. Despite initial strong immunogenicity, waning of vaccine-induced immunity requires further investigation. Therefore, this study evaluated the immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 vaccine in adolescents, focusing on spike-specific and neutralizing antibody kinetics following primary and booster vaccinations as well as the impact of breakthrough infections.