TiO-Nanoparticle-Embedded Thin-Film Encapsulation for Blue Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Devices.

Blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs) have garnered widespread interest because of their 100% internal quantum efficiency (η) and high intensity due to microcavity effects. However, their external quantum efficiency (η) is limited by total internal reflection from the thin-film encapsulation (TFE) required by TEOLEDs and their susceptibility to moisture and oxygen. This paper introduces a novel approach in which TiO nanoparticles (NPs) are incorporated into a negative photoresist, and AlO is applied to form a nanolaminated TFE layer.

Metabolism-inspired chemical reaction networks for chemically driven dissipative oligoesterification.

Metabolism is a complex network of chemical reactions in which transient biomolecules are continuously produced and degraded. Mimicking this dynamic process in synthetic systems poses a considerable challenge, as it requires designs that enable the exchange of energy and matter among transient molecules. In this study, we explored a chemically driven oligoesterification process operating within a highly intricate reaction network and constructed a dynamic library of transient oligoesters.

The Impact of Affective Theory of Mind on Autistic Individual's Perception of Remorse.

Previous research indicates that difficulties with expressing remorse may contribute to the longer sentences autistic individuals receive within the criminal justice system. These differences in remorse expression may stem from their reduced ability to perceive emotions in others. This study investigated the association between an individual's level of autistic traits and their remorse perception ability.

Boosting Infrared Photoresponse of a Cartridge-Type Modular Photodetector Based on Two-Dimensional Tin Monoselenide via Up-Conversion Particle-Stimulated Light Management.

In this study, we devised an innovative cartridge-type modular photodetector designed to boost the photoresponse of two-dimensional (2D) materials by utilizing up-conversion particles (UCPs) in selective infrared (IR) regions beyond the bandgap. The merit of this structure is that the incident near-infrared or short wave infrared (SWIR) light, after passing through the 2D SnSe channel layer, is converted into visible light via the up-conversion effect and then reabsorbed by SnSe. To further optimize the photoresponse improvement in the SWIR region, we fine-tuned the dopant material and its concentration for the UCPs, attaining a 3.

Low falls and inpatient complications increase risk for longer length of stay in older persons admitted following trauma.

Background: Older adults make up 33% of all trauma admissions in Australia despite comprising 17% of the population with rates rising faster for older age groups compared to any other age group. A high proportion of older adults admitted to hospital following trauma are frail and have increased rates of hospital acquired complications, resulting in poorer outcomes as well as increased resource utilisation and cost to the healthcare system. Length of Stay (LOS) is an important outcome for hospitals, contributing to resource utilisation and patient flow.

Protective catalytic layer powering activity and stability of electrocatalyst for high-energy lithium-sulfur pouch cell.

Designing an electrocatalyst that simultaneously satisfies high catalytic activity and surface stability is essential for realizing high-performance lithium-sulfur (Li||S) batteries. Here, we propose an advanced electrocatalyst by constructing a thin protective catalytic layer (PCL) on the surface of metal nanoparticle catalysts. This few atomic layer thicknesses of the PCL composed of pyridinic N embedded graphitic carbon allows electrons to transfer from a metal nanoparticle to pyridinic N, resulting in an optimized p-orbital level of pyridinic N of PCL favorable for highly active conversion reaction of lithium sulfide.

An item-level systematic review of the presentation of ADHD in females.

Previous studies examining sex differences in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have primarily examined total or subscale scores. This systematic review aimed to examine which symptoms contribute to the female presentation of ADHD at an item-level. Six research literature databases were searched for studies comparing ADHD symptoms and their impact at an item-level in females with ADHD compared with: 1) males with ADHD and 2) females without ADHD.

Blocking S1P signaling attenuates brain injury in mice with ischemic stroke.

Introduction: The functions of S1P receptors have been revealed using genetic and pharmacological tools, including the potent non-selective modulator FTY720. However, studies on subtype-specific agonists and antagonists are limited; hence, the role of S1P remains unclear.

Objectives: To identify a novel function of S1P as a pathogenic factor in stroke using a newly developed S1P-selective modulator and S1P knockdown.

Effectiveness of Protein-enriched oral nutritional supplements on muscle function in middle-aged and elderly women: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of protein-enriched oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) consumption for 12 weeks on muscle mass, muscular strength, and function in middle-aged and elderly women.

Design: A single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial PARTICIPANTS: This study was conducted with 70 healthy female participants aged 50-80.

Intervention And Measurements: Participants were instructed to incorporate two daily packs of either the test ONS (Nucare Active, Daesang Wellife Corp.

Characterizing the heterogeneity of Castleman disease and oligocentric subtype: Findings from the ACCELERATE registry.

Castleman disease (CD) describes a group of rare lymphoproliferative disorders that exhibit a wide range of symptomatology and degree of lymphadenopathy, particularly across the two forms of CD with unknown etiology, unicentric CD (UCD) and HHV-8-negative/idiopathic multicentric CD (iMCD). Whereas UCD cases typically present with localized lymphadenopathy and mild symptoms, iMCD involves multicentric lymphadenopathy and cytokine-storm driven symptoms with three recognized clinical phenotypes. Increasingly, there are anecdotal reports of cases that do not fit into this framework, but these cases have not been systematically described.

Improving access to chimeric antigen receptor T-cells for refractory or relapsing diffuse large B cell lymphoma therapy in Asia.

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T)-mediated therapies have shown promising clinical benefit in patients with refractory or relapsing (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, CAR-T treatment presents challenges such as lack of drug accessibility, financial barriers, variable physician preference or experience, and risk assessment based on patient-specific characteristics. This article thus aims to provide an overview of the CAR-T landscape for R/R DLBCL in Asia, with a focus on identifying barriers to access, from the perspective of Asian and international lymphoma experts.

Striatal dopamine transporter uptake predicts neuronal hypometabolism and visuospatial function in Parkinson's disease.

Purpose: While many studies have explored the link between biomarkers and cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD), a more comprehensive approach is needed, combining striatal dopamine depletion, cerebral glucose metabolism, and cognitive assessments. In this study, we investigated the relationships between striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) uptake, cerebral glucose hypometabolism, and cognition, as well as the potential progression pattern of these changes in PD.

Methods: We enrolled 62 patients with PD and 33 healthy controls.

IL-15 secreted by keratinocytes induces melanogenesis through STAT3/5 signaling pathway in melan-a melanocytes.

Chronic UV irradiation of keratinocytes can cause harmful skin diseases. UVB can cause DNA damage and induce various skin diseases. UVB increases melanin production in mammalian skin.

Maternal and Placental Antibody Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Natural Infection During Pregnancy.

Background: As COVID-19 becomes endemic, understanding antibody response and transfer during pregnancy is crucial to inform policy and vaccination schedules. While good immunogenicity has been shown from SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, few data are available demonstrating functional responses in pregnant populations and infants.

Methods: A prospective, multi-site observational study was completed across 14 centers in England from April 23, 2020, to December 21, 2022.

Plasma proteins predict kidney function trajectories in type 2 diabetes.

Objective: The rate of decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) varies among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to identify plasma proteins associated with diverse eGFR trajectories in T2D.

Methods: We performed latent class mixed models analysis among patients with T2D and relatively preserved kidney function (baseline eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.

A role for Arginase in skin epithelial differentiation and anti-microbial peptide production.

Background And Objectives: Arginase1 (ARG1) is an enzyme expressed by keratinocytes that drives several functions linked to skin barrier function. However, the mechanisms underpinning keratinocyte ARG1 function in barrier homeostasis is not fully elucidated. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is linked to impaired skin barrier via altered keratinocyte differentiation and susceptibility to infection.

Association of Factors Related to the Size and Hepple Classification of Medial Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus.

Background: Few studies have analyzed the association of factors contributing to the morphologic changes of medial osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs).

Methods: Two hundred eighty consecutive patients who underwent surgery for OLTs from January 2010 to December 2022 were enrolled. The potential association of factors were age, gender, side of injury, duration of symptoms, body mass index, history of ankle sprain, chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI), and ankle varus.

Ridge Augmentation Using a Self-Retaining Block Bone Material in Damaged Extraction Sockets: A Multi-Centre Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Aim: To compare the dimensional stability of a self-retaining synthetic block bone (srBB) and synthetic bone particles (SBP) for alveolar ridge augmentation (ARA) in damaged extraction sockets.

Materials And Methods: ARA was randomly performed in two centres on 57 participants presenting damaged extraction socket in a non-molar tooth: (i) srBB and collagen membrane (srBB group, n = 29) or (ii) SBP and collagen membrane (SBP group, n = 28). Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed immediately after ARP (baseline, T0) and at 6 months (T1).

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of a Dual Delayed-Release Formulation of 10-mg Esomeprazole in Patients with Gastric Erosions: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Control, Phase III Study.

Background/aims: Clinical data on the efficacy and safety of the dual delayed-release formulation of 10-mg esomeprazole (HIP2101) are currently limited. Therefore, this study compared the efficacy and safety of HIP2101 and 20-mg famotidine (RLD2101) in patients with gastric erosions.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-control, phase III study, 326 patients with endoscopically proven gastric mucosal erosion were randomly assigned to receive either HIP2101 or RLD2101 once daily for 2 weeks.

Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Older Patients with Comorbid Conditions: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) in older patients with neurological gait disorder accompanied by various comorbidities.

Materials And Methods: We included Individuals aged ≥65 years with degenerative brain diseases or stroke causing gait disorders for >6 months in open-label, a pilot study. RAGT was performed for 30 min/day, 2 days/week for 12 weeks.

A multicentre implementation trial of an Artificial Intelligence-driven biomarker to inform Shared decisions for androgen deprivation therapy in men undergoing prostate radiotherapy: the ASTuTE protocol.

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) improves outcomes in men undergoing definitive radiotherapy for prostate cancer but carries significant toxicities. Clinical parameters alone are insufficient to accurately identify patients who will derive the most benefit, highlighting the need for improved patient selection tools to minimize unnecessary exposure to ADT's side effects while ensuring optimal oncological outcomes. The ArteraAI Prostate Test, incorporating a multimodal artificial intelligence (MMAI)-driven digital histopathology-based biomarker, offers prognostic and predictive information to aid in this selection.

Active repression of cell fate plasticity by PROX1 safeguards hepatocyte identity and prevents liver tumorigenesis.

Cell fate plasticity enables development, yet unlocked plasticity is a cancer hallmark. While transcription master regulators induce lineage-specific genes to restrict plasticity, it remains unclear whether plasticity is actively suppressed by lineage-specific repressors. Here we computationally predict so-called safeguard repressors for 18 cell types that block phenotypic plasticity lifelong.

Portimine A toxin causes skin inflammation through ZAKα-dependent NLRP1 inflammasome activation.

In 2020-2021, a "mysterious illness" struck Senegalese fishermen, causing severe acute dermatitis in over one thousand individuals following exposure through drift-net fishing activity. Here, by performing deep analysis of the environmental samples we reveal the presence of the marine dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum and its associated cyclic imine toxins. Specifically, we show that the toxin PortimineA, strongly enriched in environmental samples, impedes ribosome function in human keratinocytes, which subsequently activates the stress kinases ZAKα and P38 and promotes the nucleation of the human NLRP1 inflammasome, leading to the release of IL-1β/IL-18 pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell death.