Treatment outcomes of standardized injectable shorter regimen for multi-drugs resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The injectable shorter multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) regimen, has been reported to be less costly and more effective in the treatment of MDR-TB compared to the longer regimen. Ethiopia introduced the injectable shorter regimen (SR) in April 2018 following official recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016. While the WHO recommendation was based on evidence coming from extensive programmatic studies in some Asian and African countries, there is paucity of information on patient outcomes in the Ethiopian context.

Impact of pharmacist-led interventions on medication-related problems among patients treated for cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

Background: Medication-related problems (MRPs) continue to impose a voluminous health impact, particularly among patients on anti-cancer therapy, due to the nature and complexity of the care. Pharmacists have a pivotal role in ensuring the safe, effective, and rational use of medicines in this group of patients.

Objectives: To examine the impact of pharmacist-led interventions in resolving MRPs among patients treated for cancer.

Insulin injection practice and health related quality of life among individuals with diabetes at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Insulin therapy can be inconvenient, painful, burdensome, and restrict patients' daily activities and health related quality of life (HRQOL) due to improper injection techniques or the nature of administration.

Objective: This study aimed to assess insulin injection practice, HRQOL and predictors among patients treated with insulin at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH).

Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetes patients on insulin therapy from May to June 2022.

Health professionals' perceptions on local production and bioequivalence study of generic medicines: A cross-sectional survey of physicians and pharmacy professionals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Local production of generic medicines in developing countries has a critical role to meet public health needs by ensuring the availability of essential medicines and providing patients' relief from the burden of unaffordable medical bills. Compliance with bioequivalence (BE) requirements increase the quality and competitiveness of generic drugs regardless of the source. In this regard, a regional BE center has been established in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to serve the needs of Ethiopia and neighbouring countries.

Cost-effectiveness of pegfilgrastim versus filgrastim for prevention of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in patients with lymphoma: a systematic review.

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a prevalent and potentially life-threatening complication in patients with lymphoma receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Pegfilgrastim is more effective than filgrastim as prophylaxis for FN. However, its usage has been limited because of its higher cost.

Cost-utility analysis of caspofungin and fluconazole for primary treatment of invasive candidiasis and candidemia in Ethiopia.

Background: Invasive candidiasis and/or candidemia (IC/C) is a common fungal infection leading to significant health and economic losses worldwide. Caspofungin was shown to be more effective than fluconazole in treating inpatients with IC/C. However, cost-effectiveness of caspofungin for treating IC/C in Ethiopia remains unknown.

Health-related quality of life and treatment satisfaction of patients with cardiovascular disease in Ethiopia.

Purpose: Cardiovascular disease is the most prevalent health problem associated with poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We aimed to assess HRQoL and treatment satisfaction of cardiovascular disease patients in Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults attending the outpatient cardiac clinic at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from July to September 2021.

Asthma Treatment Outcome and Factors Associated with Uncontrolled Asthma Among Adult Patients with Asthma in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Asthma is a major public health challenge in the world resulting in significant health and economic burden. The modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors could have considerable impact on asthma control and medical care.

Objective: This study is intended to evaluate the treatment outcome and identify risk factors for poor asthma control among patients with asthma in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Charting current evidence on the health and non-health benefits and equity impacts of pandemic/epidemic individual-level economic relief programmes: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: The emergence of a regional or global scale infectious disease outbreak often requires the implementation of economic relief programmes in affected jurisdictions to sustain societal welfare and, presumably, population health. While economic relief programmes are considered essential during a regional or global health crisis, there is no clear consensus in the literature about their health and non-health benefits and their impact on promoting equity. Thus, our objective is to map the current state of the literature with respect to the types of individual-level economic relief programmes implemented during infectious disease outbreaks and the impact of these programmes on the effectiveness of public health measures, individual and population health, non-health benefits and equity.

Health-related quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care hospital in Ethiopia.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its treatment impact patients' physical health as well as emotional and social wellbeing. This study aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and associated factors among patients with T2DM at a tertiary care hospital in Ethiopia.

Methods: A face-to-face cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients with T2DM at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Multicentre point-prevalence survey of antibiotic use and healthcare-associated infections in Ethiopian hospitals.

Objective: Effective antimicrobial containment strategies such as Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) require comprehensive data on antibiotics use which are scarce in Ethiopia. This study sought to assess antibiotics use and healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) in Ethiopian public hospitals.

Design: We conducted a cross-sectional study using the WHO point-prevalence survey protocol for systemic antibiotics use and HCAIs for low/middle-income countries.

A Protocol for a Scoping Review Comparative Bibliometric Analysis of Infectious Disease Research in Africa.

Evidence on authorship trends of health research conducted about or in Africa shows that there is a lack of local researchers in the first and last authorship positions, with high income country collaborations taking up these positions. The differences in authorship calls into question power imbalances in global health research and who benefits from the production of new discoveries and innovations. Health studies may further go on to inform policy and clinical practice within the region having an impact on public health.

Reliability and validity of using EQ-5D-5L among healthy and adolescents with major mental health disorders in Ethiopia.

Background: The EQ-5D is a validated and widely used generic measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in both healthy individuals and those with various medical conditions. The objective of this study was to test whether EQ-5D-5L is reliable and valid for use among school sample adolescents and those with major mental health disorders in Ethiopia.

Methods: Participants were recruited from ten sub-districts comprising the Butajira Rural Health Programme (BRHP) and Butajira major mental health disorders center.

Cost-utility analysis of antimicrobial stewardship programme at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia.

Objective: Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) significantly reduces inappropriate antibiotic use and improves patient outcomes. In low-resource settings, AMS implementation may require concurrent strengthening of clinical microbiology capacity therefore additional investments. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of implementing AMS at Tikur Anbessa Specialised Hospital (TASH), a tertiary care hospital in Ethiopia.

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Ethiopian healthcare workers.

Introduction: COVID-19 poses significant health and economic threat prompting international firms to rapidly develop vaccines and secure quick regulatory approval. Although COVID-19 vaccination priority is given for high-risk individuals including healthcare workers (HCWs), the success of the immunization efforts hinges on peoples' willingness to embrace these vaccines.

Objective: This study aimed to assess HCWs intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and the reasons underlying vaccine hesitancy.

Cost-Utility Analysis of Dolutegravir- Versus Efavirenz-Based Regimens as a First-Line Treatment in Adult HIV/AIDS Patients in Ethiopia.

Background: In several countries, the dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimen is generally preferred as first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) over the efavirenz (EFV)-based regimen, but the evidence in low-income countries is limited.

Objective: Our study aimed to evaluate the cost effectiveness of DTG- versus EFV-based first-line human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment in Ethiopia.

Methods: We developed a microsimulation model for the progression of HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) to examine the cost effectiveness of DTG-based first-line ART compared with an EFV-based regimen from a healthcare payer perspective.

Patient Satisfaction with HIV/AIDS Services in Health Centers of East Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a major public health, social, and economic problem in Ethiopia. Even though the government is working to scale up Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) services, patient loss to follow-up and ensuring adherence to ART regimens remain major challenges of the ART program in the country; little has also been done on the assessment of patient satisfaction on different HIV/AIDS service dimensions. This study aimed at assessing patient satisfaction with HIV/AIDS services in health centers of East Shoa Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia.

Health-related quality of life of patients with HIV/AIDS at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Ethiopia.

Background: Patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and health state utility values are critical inputs in the clinical and economic evaluation of treatments for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, information on health state utility values is lacking in the context of Ethiopia. Here, we aimed to assess HRQoL and determine health state utility values and factors that influence the values among HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia.

Pharmacy preparedness and response for the prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Aksum, Ethiopia; a qualitative exploration.

Background: Novel Coronavirus is a global pandemic affecting all walks of life and it significantly changed the health system practices. Pharmacists are at the front line and have long been involved in combating this public health emergency. Therefore, the study was aimed to explore pharmacy preparedness and response to prevent and control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Factors affecting cervical cancer screening uptake, visual inspection with acetic acid positivity and its predictors among women attending cervical cancer screening service in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Ethiopia next to breast cancer. Despite the high burden of the disease and availability of free screening services in Ethiopia, uptake is still trivial. This study aims to identify factors associated with cervical cancer screening uptake, VIA (visual inspection with acetic acid) positivity and its predictors among women attending cervical cancer screening service in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Concomitant Use of Herbal and Conventional Medicines among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: The majority of the population in developing countries including Ethiopia still relies on traditional medicines (TMs). Patients with chronic illness like diabetes mellitus (DM) are dissatisfied with conventional medicines and thus are more likely to simultaneously use herbal medicines (HMs). However, such practice could result in potential herb-drug interaction.

Catastrophic healthcare expenditure and coping strategies among patients attending cancer treatment services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: With the rapid increase in magnitude and mortality of cancer, which is costly disease to manage, several patients particularly in developing countries are facing a huge financial burden. The study aimed to examine the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), identify associated factors and coping strategies among patients attending cancer treatment services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional survey of patients with cancer was conducted in public and private hospitals between January and March 2018.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude of Tuberculosis Patients in Direct Observation Therapy Program towards Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is becoming a major challenge of tuberculosis (TB) control program globally but more serious in developing countries like Ethiopia. In 2013, a survey result showed that in Ethiopia, tuberculosis patients from new cases and retreatment cases had resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin with a significant increase over time. Inadequate knowledge and wrong perception about MDR-TB by patients were detrimental to TB control programs.