Telomere-to-telomere genome and resequencing of 254 individuals reveal evolution, genomic footprints in Asian icefish, Protosalanx chinensis.

The Asian icefish, Protosalanx chinensis, has undergone extensive colonization in various waters across China for decades due to its ecological and physiological significance as well as its economic importance in the fishery resource. Here, we decoded a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome for P. chinensis combining PacBio HiFi long reads and ultra-long ONT (nanopore) reads and Hi-C data.

Corrigendum: Exosomes released by environmental pollutant-stimulated Keratinocytes/PBMCs can trigger psoriatic inflammation in recipient cells via the AhR signaling pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.

Functional diversity explores the maintenance mechanism and driving factors of the invasion equilibrium state of the icefish (Neosalanx taihuensis Chen) in Lake Fuxian, China.

Biodiversity loss caused by biological invasions is an ecological problem on a global scale, and understanding the mechanism of biological invasion is the basis for managing non-native species. The biotic resistance hypothesis proposes that species-rich native communities are less susceptible to invasion because of the limited resources available to non-native species, therefore comparing the resource utilization patterns of different communities can reveal the invasion mechanisms of specific non-native species at the community level. We selected Lake Taihu, where icefish (Neosalanx taihuensis Chen) originated, and Lake Fuxian, where icefish invaded, as the research objects.

Photocatalytic production of a C liquid biofuel precursor and H by Ni(OH)-ZnInS in anaerobic water.

Herein, we presented a bifunctional photocatalytic system for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) valorization over Ni(OH)-modified ZnInS. Instead of forming 2,5-diformylfuran C products from conventional HMF aerobic oxidation, C-C coupling C products and H were produced in anaerobic water, which can be an important liquid fuel intermediate and gaseous energy carrier, respectively. This work could spark more insight for biomass utilization.

Harmful planktonic Microcystis and benthic Oscillatoria-induced toxicological effects on the Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea): A survey on histopathology, behavior, oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation.

Cyanobacterial blooms are worldwide distributed and threaten aquatic ecosystems and public health. The current studies mainly focus on the adverse impacts of planktonic cyanobacteria or pure cyanotoxins, while the benthic cyanobacteria-induced ecotoxic effects are relatively lacking. The cyanobacterial cell-induced toxic effects on aquatic organisms might be more serious and complex than the pure cyanotoxins and crude extracts of cyanobacteria.

Exploring Dynamic Changes in HIV-1 Molecular Transmission Networks and Key Influencing Factors: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The HIV-1 molecular network is an innovative tool, using gene sequences to understand transmission attributes and complementing social and sexual network studies. While previous research focused on static network characteristics, recent studies' emphasis on dynamic features enhances our understanding of real-time changes, offering insights for targeted interventions and efficient allocation of public health resources.

Objective: This study aims to identify the dynamic changes occurring in HIV-1 molecular transmission networks and analyze the primary influencing factors driving the dynamics of HIV-1 molecular networks.

Exosomes released by environmental pollutant-stimulated Keratinocytes/PBMCs can trigger psoriatic inflammation in recipient cells via the AhR signaling pathway.

Exosomes, pivotal in intercellular communication during skin disease pathogenesis, have garnered substantial attention. However, the impact of environmental pollutants, such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), on exosome release amid inflammatory skin diseases remains unexplored. This study addresses this gap by examining the influence of BaP and TCDD on exosome function, specifically focusing on immune-related pathway alterations in normal recipient keratinocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes Alleviate Psoriasis Serum Exosomes-Induced Inflammation by Regulating Autophagy and Redox Status in Keratinocytes.

Introduction: Exosomes play a key role in cell communication and are involved in both pathological and physiological processes. Autophagy dysfunction and oxidative stress are linked to immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis. Stem cell-derived exosomes exhibit immunomodulatory and antioxidant efficacy.

Surface property changes observed in zirconia during etching with high-concentration hydrofluoric acid over various immersion times.

This study investigated the degree of phase transformation, surface roughness, and bond strength of zirconia immersed for various times in a 40% hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution. Non-etched sintered zirconia specimens were used as the control, while experimental groups were etched with a 40% HF solution for 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 min. In each of the control and experimental groups, five specimens for X-ray diffraction analysis, four for surface morphology and surface roughness analysis, and ten for bonding strength measurement were used.

Gap-free genome assembly of Salangid icefish Neosalanx taihuensis.

Neosalanx taihuensis is widely distributed in freshwater and brackish water areas in China. Due to its high commercial value, it has been artificially introduced into many lakes and reservoirs, showing strong ecological adaptability. Here, a gap-free chromosome-level reference genome was constructed by combining short reads, PacBio HiFi long reads, Nanopore ultralong reads and Hi-C data.

Fluoride passivation of ZnO electron transport layers for efficient PbSe colloidal quantum dot photovoltaics.

Lead selenide (PbSe) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are suitable for the development of the next-generation of photovoltaics (PVs) because of efficient multiple-exciton generation and strong charge coupling ability. To date, the reported high-efficient PbSe CQD PVs use spin-coated zinc oxide (ZnO) as the electron transport layer (ETL). However, it is found that the surface defects of ZnO present a difficulty in completion of passivation, and this impedes the continuous progress of devices.

Development and testing of a planktonic index of biotic integrity (P-IBI) for Lake Fuxian, China.

Lake Fuxian has the largest reserves of high-quality water resources in China, and understanding its ecological health status is the basis of its environmental protection. Based on a seasonal field investigation of the plankton community, we established a planktonic index of biotic integrity (P-IBI) evaluation system to assess the lake's ecosystem health. The biological integrity of Lake Fuxian was relatively good during winter and spring, but gradually deteriorated from summer to autumn.

Flexible Axial Shielding Strategy for Improving Ethylene (Co)polymerization with 8-Cycloalkylnaphthyl α-Diimine Catalysts.

8-aryl or alkyl-naphthyl substituents are widely used as an effective axial shielding strategy for the suppression of chain transfer in late-transition metal-catalyzed ethylene (co)polymerization to yield high molecular weight polyethylene and copolymers. In this study, two 8-cycloalkylnaphthyl acenaphthene-based α-diimine ligands and the corresponding four nickel and palladium complexes were designed and synthesized to explore the effect of axial flexible shielding on ethylene (co)polymerization. In ethylene polymerization, the nickel complexes displayed high activities (up to 1.

Omics techniques reveal the toxicity mechanisms of three antiepileptic drugs to juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain and liver.

Epilepsy, a neurological disorder, is characterized by seizures that are an appearance of excessive brain activity and is symptomatically treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Oxcarbazepine (OCBZ), lamotrigine (LTG), and carbamazepine (CBZ) are widely used AEDs in clinics and are very often detected in aquatic environments. However, neither the sub-lethal effects nor the specific mechanisms of these AEDs' action on the fish are well understood.

Electroporation Improves Retinal Delivery of Intravitreally Injected Exosomes.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes are promising therapeutic agents and natural nanoscale delivery platforms for treating degenerative retinal diseases. This study investigated the effect of electroporation on the retinal delivery of intravitreally administered MSC-derived exosomes in a murine model. Exosomes isolated from adipose tissue-derived MSCs were stained with ExoGlow exosome-specific dye and administered to the right eyes of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats.

Contribution of PGAP3 co-amplified and co-overexpressed with ERBB2 at 17q12 involved poor prognosis in gastric cancer.

The locus at 17q12 erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) has been heavily amplificated and overexpressed in gastric cancer (GC), but it remains to be elucidated about the clinical significance of the co-amplification and co-overexpression of PGAP3 gene located around ERBB2 in GC. The profile of PGAP3 and ERBB2 in four GC cell lines and tissue microarrays containing 418 primary GC tissues was assessed to investigate the co-overexpression and clinical significance of the co-amplified genes, and to evaluate the impact of the co-amplified genes on the malignancy of GC. Co-amplification of PGAP3 and ERBB2 accompanied with co-overexpression was observed in a haploid chromosome 17 of NCI-N87 cells with double minutes (DMs).

Immune reconstitution efficacy after combination antiretroviral therapy in male HIV-1 infected patients with homosexual and heterosexual transmission.

We aimed to explore the impact of sexual transmission modes on immune reconstitution after combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). We have retrospectively analyzed longitudinal samples from 1557 treated male patients with virological suppression (HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/ml) for at least 2 years. Both heterosexuals (HET) and men who have sex with men (MSM) patients showed an increasing annual trend in CD4 T cell counts after receiving cART (HET, β: 23.

Serum vitamin D levels and Sjogren's syndrome: bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Based on the results of existing observational studies, it can be found that the association between serum vitamin D levels and the risk of Sjogren's syndrome (SS) in humans is still controversial. Based on this situation, this study aimed to assess the causal relationship between serum vitamin D levels and SS by using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: In this study, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics on serum vitamin D levels [sample size = 417,580 (UK Biobank)] and SS [sample size = 416,757 (cases = 2495, controls = 414,262) (FinnGen)] were used.

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in : Molecular Characterization and Potential Role in Eosinophil Accumulation of Skin in Rabbit and Its Implication in the Host-Parasite Interaction.

a common surface-living mite of domestic and wild animals worldwide, results in huge economic losses and serious welfare issues in the animal industry. infestation rapidly causes massive eosinophil infiltration in skin lesions, and increasing research revealed that eosinophils might play an important role in the pathogenesis of infestation. Intradermal injection of antigen invoked massive eosinophil infiltration, suggesting that this mite should contain some relative molecules involved in eosinophil accumulation in the skin.

Development and validation of a combined ferroptosis and immune prognostic signature for lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Studies have shown that the regulation of ferroptosis could be a new approach to cancer treatment and abnormal ferroptosis is closely associated with a dysregulated immune response. However, a combined signature with ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and immune-related genes (IRGs) is necessary to be constructed for predicting prognoses and guiding individualized precision therapy of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients.

Methods: In this study, based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, prognosis-related FRGs and IRGs were first identified and incorporated into the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)-Cox regression model to generate a combined signature of ferroptosis- and immune-related genes (CSFI) values to predict the overall survivals (OSs) of LUAD patients.

Identification and validation of a genomic mutation signature as a predictor for immunotherapy in NSCLC.

Currently, the benefits of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy prediction via emerging biomarkers have been identified, and the association between genomic mutation signatures (GMS) and immunotherapy benefits has been widely recognized as well. However, the evidence about non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains limited. We analyzed 310 immunotherapy patients with NSCLC from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) cohort.

Association of ATRX mutations with immunologically active characteristics in patients with MSI-prone tumors.

Objectives: The role of DNA damage repair deficiency in improving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) efficacy has been widely recognized. Studies have confirmed the association of gene mutations in homologous recombination (HR) with an immune-activated microenvironment. Given the crucial role of the tumor microenvironment in ICIs response, our study aimed to identify specific HR gene mutations that influence the tumor microenvironment and thus serve as potential biomarkers for ICIs in tumors that are prone to occur with microsatellite instability (MSI) events (MSI-prone tumors).

Neurotransmitter release cycle-related genes predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Because of the limitations of therapeutic approaches, patients suffering from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have unsatisfactory prognoses. Studies have shown that neurotransmitters participated in tumorigenesis and development. In LUAD, the expression of neurotransmitter release cycle-related genes (NRCRGs) has been reported to be disordered.

Transcriptome profiling reveals toxicity mechanisms following sertraline exposure in the brain of juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Sertraline (SER) is one of the most commonly detected antidepressants in the aquatic environment that can negatively affect aquatic organisms at low concentrations. Despite some knowledge on its acute toxicity to fish, the effects of chronic SER exposure remain poorly understood along with any underlying mechanisms of SER-induced toxicity. To address this knowledge gap, the effects of chronic exposure to three SER concentrations from low to high were investigated in zebrafish.

The Molecular Epidemiological and Immunological Characteristics of HIV-1 CRF01_AE/B Recombinants in Nanjing, China.

Human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) CRF01_AE/B recombinants are newly emerging strains that are spreading rapidly in Southern and Eastern China. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular epidemiological characteristics of HIV-1 CRF01_AE/B recombinants in Nanjing and to explore the impact of these novel strains on the immunological status. A total of 1,013 blood samples from newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected patients were collected in Nanjing from 2015 to 2019, among which 958 partial Pol sequences were sequenced successfully.