Phylogenetic and Morphological Perspectives on subg. : Exploratively Unveiling Hidden Diversity in China.

subg. contributes to more than half of species and exhibits highly hidden diversity. However, .

Synthetic double inversion recovery imaging for rectal cancer T staging evaluation: imaging quality and added value to T2-weighted imaging.

Objective: To assess the image quality of synthetic double inversion recovery (SyDIR) imaging and enhance the value of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) in evaluating T stage for rectal cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 112 pathologically confirmed rectal cancer patients were retrospectively selected after undergoing MRI, including synthetic MRI. The image quality of T2WI and SyDIR imaging was compared based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), overall picture quality, presence of motion artifacts, lesion edge sharpness, and conspicuity.

Photoinduced Zn-Air Battery-Assisted Self-Powered Sensor Utilizing Cobalt and Sulfur Co-Doped Carbon Nitride for Portable Detection Device.

Most self-powered electrochemical sensors (SPESs) are limited by low open circuit voltage and power density, leading to a narrow detection range and low sensitivity. Herein, a photoinduced Zn-air battery-assisted SPES (ZAB-SPES) is proposed based on cobalt and sulfur co-doped carbon nitride with the cyano group (Co, S-CN). The cyano functionalization remarkably enhances visible light utilization, and the cyano moiety acts as an electron-withdrawing group to promote electron enrichment.

Characteristics of Nocturnal Boundary Layer over a Subtropical Forest: Implications for the Dispersion and Fate of Atmospheric Species.

The nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) significantly influences the dispersion and fate of atmospheric species at night. Subtropical forests are crucial in carbon and water exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere. However, the NBL characteristics and their impact on atmospheric species over these forests remain unknown.

RVG-peptide-camouflaged iron-coordinated engineered polydopamine nanoenzyme with ROS scavenging and inhibiting inflammatory response for ischemic stroke therapy.

Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and disability. In addition, most neuroprotective agents fail to rescue neurons from cerebral ischemic insults due to their poor ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here, the tailored engineered nanoenzyme has been successfully synthesized by coordination-driven co-assembly of dopamine (DA) and iron ion (Fe), which is subsequently camouflaged by neuron-specific rabies viral glycoprotein (RVG) peptide to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit inflammatory response in damaged neuron for the efficient therapy of ischemic stroke.

Identifying modifiable factors and their joint effect on frailty: a large population-based prospective cohort study.

A thorough understanding and identification of potential determinants leading to frailty are imperative for the development of targeted interventions aimed at its prevention or mitigation. We investigated the potential determinants of frailty in a cohort of 469,301 UK Biobank participants. The evaluation of frailty was performed using the Fried index, which encompasses measurements of handgrip strength, gait speed, levels of physical activity, unintentional weight loss, and self-reported exhaustion.

A Spatiotemporally Controlled and Mitochondria-Targeted Prodrug of Hydrogen Sulfide Enables Mild Mitochondrial Uncoupling for the Prevention of Lipid Deposition.

Mild mitochondrial uncoupling offers therapeutic benefits for various diseases like obesity by regulating cellular energy metabolism. However, effective chemical intervention tools for inducing mild mitochondria-targeted uncoupling are limited. Herein, we have developed a mitochondria-targeted HS prodrug with a unique property of on-demand photoactivated generation of HS accompanied by self-reporting fluorescence for real-time tracking.

Asymmetric Palladium Migration for Synthesis of Chiral-at-Cage o-Carboranes.

Metal migration strategy can offer BH functionalization of o-carboranes at different positions from where initial bond activation occurs to achieve bifunctionalized o-carboranes in one reaction. We report in this article an enantioselective 3,4-bifunctionalization of o-carboranes via asymmetric Pd migration with a high efficiency and up to 98 % ee. This asymmetric catalysis has a broad substrates scope, leading to the preparation of a class of chiral-at-cage o-carborane derivatives.

Ultrafast Charge Transfer-Induced Unusual Nonlinear Optical Response in ReSe/ReS Heterostructure.

Ultrafast charge transfer in van der Waals heterostructures can effectively engineer the optical and electrical properties of two-dimensional semiconductors for designing photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, the nonlinear absorption conversion dynamics with the pump intensity and the underlying physical mechanisms in a type-II heterostructure remain largely unexplored, yet hold considerable potential for all-optical logic gates. Herein, two-dimensional ReSe/ReS heterostructure is designed to realize an unusual transition from reverse saturable absorption to saturable absorption (SA) with a conversion pump intensity threshold of approximately 170 GW/cm.

Functional diversity explores the maintenance mechanism and driving factors of the invasion equilibrium state of the icefish (Neosalanx taihuensis Chen) in Lake Fuxian, China.

Biodiversity loss caused by biological invasions is an ecological problem on a global scale, and understanding the mechanism of biological invasion is the basis for managing non-native species. The biotic resistance hypothesis proposes that species-rich native communities are less susceptible to invasion because of the limited resources available to non-native species, therefore comparing the resource utilization patterns of different communities can reveal the invasion mechanisms of specific non-native species at the community level. We selected Lake Taihu, where icefish (Neosalanx taihuensis Chen) originated, and Lake Fuxian, where icefish invaded, as the research objects.

Preparation, characterization, and stability of chitosan-tremella polysaccharide layer-by-layer encapsulated astaxanthin nanoemulsion delivery system.

In this study, a layer-by-layer (LBL) encapsulated astaxanthin (Ast) nanoemulsion delivery system based on chitosan (CS) and tremella polysaccharide (TP) was successfully developed. The system constructed an Ast-CS-TP emulsion with high encapsulation efficiency and an excellent stability profile by utilizing the opposite charge properties of CS and TP. This study evaluated the effects of different stresses (including temperature, salt addition, pH, UV irradiation, and centrifugal force) on the emulsion's stability.

Development of a CD39 nanobody and its enhancement to chimeric antigen receptor T cells efficacy against ovarian cancer in preclinical studies.

: CD39, a key ectonucleotidase that drives adenosine production, acts as a critical immunosuppressive checkpoint in cancer. Although it has shown promise as a therapeutic target, clinical trials are demonstrating the need for more potent targeting approaches. This need is driving innovation towards the development of novel antibodies and the exploration of strategic combinations with a range of immunotherapies.

Feasibility of intraoperative assessment of STAS in pathologic stage 1 lung adenocarcinomas in Chinese patients.

Background: Intraoperative assessment of tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) in early-stage lung adenocarcinomas (ADC) has been proposed to stratify patients for surgical management. However, data on the accuracy and reproducibility of detecting STAS on frozen sections (FS) and the prognostic value of STAS on FS remain limited and contradictory.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on the feasibility of intraoperative assessment of STAS by comparing the STAS patterns identified on FS and permanent sections from 524 patients diagnosed with pathologic stage 1 lung ADC.

Plasma proteomics identifies proteins and pathways associated with incident depression in 46,165 adults.

Proteomic alterations preceding the onset of depression offer valuable insights into its development and potential interventions. Leveraging data from 46,165 UK Biobank participants and 2920 plasma proteins profiled at baseline, we conducted a longitudinal analysis with a median follow-up of 14.5 years to explore the relationship between plasma proteins and incident depression.

Neuropeptide Precursor VGF Promotes Liver Metastatic Colonization of Gαq Mutant Uveal Melanoma by Facilitating Tumor Microenvironment via Paracrine Loops.

Uveal melanoma (UM), the predominant primary ocular malignancy, often progresses to liver metastasis with limited therapeutic options. The interplay of the tumor microenvironment, encompassing secreted soluble factors, plays a crucial role in facilitating liver metastasis. In this study, the role is elucidated of the neural growth factor-inducible gene (VGF), a secreted neuropeptide precursor, in Gαq mutant UM.

Optimizing Treatment Strategies for Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii-Associated Pneumonia: A Multicenter Study in Chinese Hospitals.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and safety of tigecycline (TGC) plus cefoperazone/sulbactam (CPS) or TGC monotherapy in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) caused by Carbapenem-Resistant (CRAB).

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of multicenter data from 62 Chinese hospitals with CRAB HAP. Risk factors for receiving TGC with CPS therapy and predictors of mortality were assessed using multivariate logistic and Cox regression analyses, respectively.

Mapping the Evolution of Digital Health Research: Bibliometric Overview of Research Hotspots, Trends, and Collaboration of Publications in JMIR (1999-2024).

Background: While bibliometric studies of individual journals have been conducted, to the best of our knowledge, bibliometric mapping has not yet been utilized to analyze the literature published by the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR).

Objective: In celebration of the journal's 25th anniversary, this study aimed to review the entire collection of JMIR publications from 1999 to 2024 and provide a comprehensive overview of the main publication characteristics.

Methods: This study included papers published in JMIR during the 25-year period from 1999 to 2024.

Study on the impact of bowtie filter on photon-counting CT imaging.

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the bowtie filter on the image quality of the photon-counting detector (PCD) based CT imaging.Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the impact of bowtie filters on image uniformity using two water phantoms, with tube potentials ranging from 60 to 140 kVp with a step of 5 kVp. Subsequently, benchtop PCD-CT imaging experiments were performed to verify the observations from the numerical simulations.