AMD1, a cardiotoxicity target for Maduramicin.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate AMD1 cardiotoxicity function for Maduramicin (Mad).

Methods: SD rats were divided into control (Control) group and Mad treatment (3.5 mg/kg) group (Mad).

Towards Scalable Biomarker Discovery in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Triangulating Genomic and Phenotypic Evidence from a Health System Biobank.

Importance: Biomarkers can potentially improve the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, PTSD biomarkers that are scalable and easily integrated into real-world clinical settings have not been identified.

Objective: To triangulate phenotypic and genomic evidence from a health system biobank with a goal of identifying scalable and clinically relevant biomarkers for PTSD.

Construction of Heterostructure Nickel Sulfoselenide Arrays for Advanced Potassium-Ion Hybrid Capacitors.

Transition metal compounds are being extensive studied in K-ion hybrids capacitors (KIHCs) owing to their abundant resource and ultrahigh theoretical capacity. However, their poor cycling lifespan and rate capability as vulnerable structures is the major bottleneck for future development. Here the design and construction a heterostructure Nickel sulfoselenide arrays (NiSSe) with large-scale high ordering and large interval spacing are reported.

Molecular genetic influences on attentional control and other executive processes and their links with psychopathology in the AFFECT study.

Background: Attentional control is a critical component of executive functioning involved in numerous psychiatric and neurological disorders, yet its etiological relationships with many cognitive and behavioral phenotypes remain underexplored.

Methods: We conducted the first multivariate characterization of molecular genetic influences on attentional control and other executive processes in a cohort of more than 20,000 individuals enriched for mood disorders. We used Genomic Structural Equation Modeling to formally model patterns of genetic covariance among these task-based measures of cognition, as well as their relationships with other cognitive, clinical, and imaging-derived phenotypes.

PennPRS: a centralized cloud computing platform for efficient polygenic risk score training in precision medicine.

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are becoming increasingly vital for risk prediction and stratification in precision medicine. However, PRS model training presents significant challenges for broader adoption of PRS, including limited access to computational resources, difficulties in implementing advanced PRS methods, and availability and privacy concerns over individual-level genetic data. Cloud computing provides a promising solution with centralized computing and data resources.

Genetic insights into circulating osteocalcin for cardiovascular diseases and the role of vascular calcification.

Background And Aims: Studies have suggested that osteocalcin (OCN) is implicated in vascular calcification and linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but it is unclear whether the relationships are causal. The aim of this study is to evaluate the causal relationship of circulating OCN with CVDs and the role of vascular calcification.

Methods And Results: Bi-directional, mediation, and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) were performed using summary-level data for circulating OCN levels, coronary artery calcification (CAC), and CVDs, including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke and its subtypes.

Ferromagnetic transformation of α-FeO Co doping for efficient water oxidation under magnetic field.

The introduction of a magnetic field has great potential for enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance, but it requires the catalyst to be ferromagnetic and there is a lack of understanding of the fundamental mechanisms. Herein, we achieved the transformation of non-ferromagnetic α-FeO into ferromagnetic CoFeO by Co doping. Compared to α-FeO, the OER activity of CoFeO considerably increased under a magnetic field of 3000 Oe and is proportional to the magnetic field strength within a certain range.

Causal Mediation Analysis: A Summary-Data Mendelian Randomization Approach.

Summary-data Mendelian randomization (MR), a widely used approach in causal inference, has recently attracted attention for improving causal mediation analysis. Two existing methods corresponding to the difference method and product method of linear mediation analysis have been developed to perform MR-based mediation analysis using the inverse-variance weighted method (MR-IVW). Despite these developments, there is still a need for more rigorous, efficient, and precise MR-based mediation methodologies.

Timing of physical activity, genetic predisposition, and incident depression: An accelerometer-based prospective cohort study.

Background: There is a lack of prospective cohort studies exploring the associations between the timing of physical activity and incident depression. This study aimed to explore the associations and to investigate whether genetic predisposition of depression may modify the associations.

Methods: The study using data from UK Biobank, included 76,218 participants.

Surface S-Doped Nanostructured RuO and Its Anion Passivating Effect for Efficient Overall Seawater Splitting.

Electrolysis of seawater for hydrogen (H) production to harvest clean energy is an appealing approach. In this context, there is an urgent need for catalysts with high activity and durability. RuO electrocatalysts have shown efficient activity in the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER), but they still suffer from poor stability.

Entropy engineering activation of UiO-66 for boosting catalytic transfer hydrogenation.

High-entropy metal-organic frameworks (HE-MOFs) hold promise as versatile materials, yet current rare examples are confined to low-valence elements in the fourth period, constraining their design and optimization for diverse applications. Here, a novel high-entropy, defect-rich and small-sized (32 nm) UiO-66 (ZrHfCeSnTi HE-UiO-66) has been synthesized for the first time, leveraging increased configurational entropy to achieve high tolerance to doping with diverse metal ions. The lattice distortion of HE-UiO-66 induces high exposure of metal nodes to create coordination unsaturated metal sites with a concentration of 322.

Advancements in omics technologies: Molecular mechanisms of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (Review).

Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory response arising from lung and systemic injury with diverse causes and associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. To date, no fully effective pharmacological therapies have been established and the relevant underlying mechanisms warrant elucidation, which may be facilitated by multi‑omics technology. The present review summarizes the application of multi‑omics technology in identifying novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies of ALI/ARDS as well as its pathogenesis.

The causal association between asthma and the risk of frailty: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The correlation between asthma and frailty is increasingly garnering attention. The association between asthma and frailty remains inconclusive in observational studies, and the causality of this relationship still needs to be established.

Aims: Therefore, we employed two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses using genetic instruments to determine the causal association of asthma on frailty.

Metabolic Blockade-Based Genome Mining of SCSIO 07745: Discovery and Biosynthetic Pathway of Aminoquinolinone Alkaloids Bearing 6/6/5 Tricyclic and 6/6/6/5 Tetracyclic Scaffolds.

Metabolic blockade-based genome mining of the marine sediment-derived SCSIO 07745 led to the discovery of 11 novel aminoquinolinone alkaloids, oxazoquinolinones A-J (-), characterized by an oxazolidone[3,2-α]quinoline-5,8-dione scaffold, and oxazoquinolinone K (), featuring an unprecedented fused 6/6/6/5 tetracyclic core ring system. Additionally, 5 new biosynthetic intermediates or shunt products (-) and a known metabolite sannanine () were identified. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses and a comparison of electronic circular dichroism and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

In-depth hemodynamic assessment in acute mild stroke patients with large vessel occlusion or stenosis.

Objective: Acute treatment in mild stroke patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion/stenosis (AACLVO/S) had limited evidence. Hemodynamic play an important role in neurological deterioration. We aimed to investigate predictor value of hemodynamic assessment for clinical outcome predicting and guiding individual therapeutic decisions in those patients.

Metabolic disorders, inter-organ crosstalk, and inflammation in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a global health concern, affecting over 30 % of adults. It is a principal driver in the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The complex pathogenesis of MASLD involves an excessive accumulation of lipids, subsequently disrupting lipid metabolism and prompting inflammation within the liver.

Genetic insights into the causal linkage between systemic inflammatory regulators and frailty.

Objectives: Previous studies have suggested the associations between systemic inflammation and the risk of frailty, but causal relationships between them remain not well established. We conducted a bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal links between systemic inflammatory regulators and frailty.

Methods: Genetic variants associated with systemic inflammatory regulators were obtained from a comprehensive genetic study on 41 circulating cytokines, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), eotaxin, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP1β).

Directional Transport in Hierarchically Aligned ZSM-5 Zeolites with High Catalytic Activity.

Zeolites, the most technically important crystalline microporous materials, are indispensable cornerstones of chemical engineering because of their remarkable catalytic properties and adsorption capabilities. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the hierarchical engineering of zeolites can maximize accessible active sites and improve mass transport, which significantly decreases the internal diffusion limits to achieve the desired performance. However, the construction of hierarchical zeolites with ordered alignments and size-controlled substructures in a convenient way is highly challenging.

Associations of metabolic heterogeneity of obesity with the risk of dementia in middle-aged adults: three prospective studies.

Background: The associations of different obesity and metabolic phenotypes during midlife with the risk of incident dementia remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations between metabolic heterogeneity of obesity and long-term risk of dementia.

Methods: We conducted prospective analyses from three cohorts, including the UK Biobank (UKB), Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, and Framingham Offspring Study (FOS).