Publications by authors named "Ge Shi"
Consistent detection of cracks in engineering structures is essential for maintaining structural integrity. Deep neural networks perform well in this discipline, although their pixel-level labeling reliance increases labeling costs. Thus, weakly supervised learning methods have emerged.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLossLens: Diagnostics for Machine Learning Through Loss Landscape Visual Analytics.
IEEE Comput Graph Appl
December 2024
Modern machine learning often relies on optimizing a neural network's parameters using a loss function to learn complex features. Beyond training, examining the loss function with respect to a network's parameters (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present work aimed to explore the feasibility of using egg yolk high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as emulsifier to prepare high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPEs), and to understand the mechanism of Ca as ion cross-linking agent in improving the emulsifying stability. HDL-Ca complexes were formed via electrostatic interactions under different pH conditions and Ca concentrations. The results showed that Ca was able to connect the anion groups of HDL particles through ionic bridges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe concurrent targeting of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3)/VEGFR2/Histone deacetylase (HDAC) represents a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia. In this work, we hybridized essential pharmacophores from sorafenib and SAHA (vorinostat) and then conducted structure-activity relationship studies to identify two lead compounds and that potently inhibit FLT3, VEGFR2, and HDAC in a nanomolar range. In cell evaluation, compounds and exhibited potent proliferative activities against a panel of leukemia cells including MV4-11 and MOLM-13.
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- Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver (PSCCL) is a rare type of liver cancer that is hard to diagnose early due to non-specific symptoms and imaging challenges.
- A case study highlighted a patient who showed cholecystitis symptoms but was wrongly diagnosed with a different cancer (cholangiocarcinoma).
- The study suggests that monitoring carcinoembryonic antigen levels and using imaging studies could improve the diagnosis and management of PSCCL and help differentiate it from other cancers.
Article Synopsis
- Intelligent indicator packaging is designed to help reduce food waste and prevent food poisoning by using freshness indicator films made from polyvinyl alcohol and encapsulated anthocyanins.
- The study showed that encapsulating anthocyanins in whey protein and propylene glycol alginate nanoparticles significantly improved their stability and efficiency, with an encapsulation efficiency of 95.34%.
- The resulting films demonstrated enhanced mechanical properties, reduced water vapor permeability, and a visible color change to indicate freshness, particularly transforming from rosy red to gray when detecting spoilage in bighead carp heads.
Effects of surface morphology and chemical composition on friction properties of Xenopeltis hainanensis scales.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- - The scales of the Xenopeltis hainanensis snake are being studied for their unique properties, which can inspire new bionic materials designed with scale-like features for improved performance in various environments.
- - A thorough analysis reveals that the scales have a comb-like microstructure that enhances surface area and minimizes pressure, while the bending capabilities of collagen fibrils allow for effective energy dissipation to prevent structural failures.
- - The ventral scales are particularly resilient due to their greater thickness and higher sulfur content, resulting in superior mechanical properties, as supported by advanced testing techniques like Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and SEM imaging.
Article Synopsis
- - Snakes possess scales that protect their bodies and enhance movement in various environments, including both land and water.
- - A study on a generalist snake species found that their scales are harder and more elastic when dry, while wet scales allow for better friction but exhibit different damage characteristics.
- - These adaptive mechanical properties of snake scales could inspire advancements in creating bionic materials designed for similar performance under varying environmental conditions.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers developed and studied five new iridium(III) complexes with thienyl groups to improve their performance in photodynamic therapy for cancer.
- They found that the number of thienyl units affected the complexes' light absorption and emission properties, shifting them to longer wavelengths, which is beneficial for therapy.
- In tests against melanoma and breast cancer cell lines, one complex showed significant photocytotoxicity when activated by visible light, remaining effective even under low-oxygen (hypoxic) conditions.
Association between urinary mixture metal levels and olfactory function in coal miners.
Front Public Health
October 2024
Background: Exposure to occupational metallic mixtures has a potential impact on olfactory function. However, research evidence is limited on the potential impact of exposure to metallic mixtures and olfactory dysfunction. Furthermore, the coal dust generated contains multiple various metals during coal mining, and no study yet has focus on the olfactory dysfunction of coal miners.
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- Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) contributes to acne vulgaris by causing dysfunction in sebaceous glands, and the study focuses on the effects of Paeoniflorin (Pae), a compound derived from paeony, on this process.* -
- The research demonstrated that Pae can inhibit cell growth, promote cell death, and reduce fat and inflammatory substance production in sebocytes exposed to IGF-1.* -
- Pae's anti-acne properties are linked to its ability to affect key signaling pathways (PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 and JAK2/STAT3) that regulate cell proliferation and inflammation.*
Article Synopsis
- * It evaluates the complications arising from feeding tubes (G-tubes and J-tubes) placed in these patients, finding a 39% rate of adverse events, including infections and emergency visits.
- * Factors increasing the risk of complications include smoking, being female, undergoing induction treatment, and the use of J-tubes, with laparoscopic J-tube placement leading to more unplanned admissions.
Article Synopsis
- Research shows that closed-loop haptic feedback systems can enhance the performance of prosthetic hands through various tactile stimuli patterns.
- This paper introduces a novel multi-cavity fluidic haptic feedback system designed to detect physical touch direction at the fingertip.
- Two experiments validate the system, confirming its ability to detect force direction and generate corresponding tactile feedback patterns that users can differentiate.
The degradation of α--synuclein is limited by dynein to drive the AALP pathway through HDAC6 upon paraquat exposure.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- * Recent research has identified histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) as a potential regulator of amyloid clearance in neurons, with dynein playing a role in transporting metabolites and signaling molecules.
- * The study found that HDAC6 can facilitate the transport and degradation of α-synuclein, but exposure to paraquat leads to increased levels of α-synuclein due to impaired HDAC6 functions, suggesting a link between environmental toxins and LBD progression.
Article Synopsis
- * This study introduces a new method for creating chiral gold nanoparticles using star-like block copolymers as templates, allowing better control over the nanoparticles' size, shape, and chirality.
- * The research shows that these chiral nanoparticles can achieve significant enhancement in surface-enhanced Raman scattering, leading to improved chiral recognition on various surfaces, suggesting a promising approach for developing specialized chiral nanomaterials.
Article Synopsis
- Azobenzene liquid-crystalline polymers have unique properties due to their ability to change shape when exposed to light and form chiral structures, but understanding how to induce chirality in these polymers is still complicated.
- Researchers used chiral solvents and amines to influence the optical behavior of non-chiral Azo polymers, with methyl L-/D-lactate acting as the poor solvent and initial chiral inducer.
- They examined how various factors like solvent type, chemical structure, mixing ratios, enantiomeric excess, and temperature affected chirality and found that the system could switch its chiroptical properties and recover chirality when light was applied or removed.
Article Synopsis
- Electro-osmosis is a technique used to improve the dewatering of waste sludge and soil remediation, but the assumption of a constant electro-osmotic permeability coefficient (k) may not apply to variable charge soils.
- Research showed that the electro-chemical parameters displayed significant nonlinear behavior that could be modeled effectively, leading to improved simulations of EOF behavior.
- The new model significantly reduced prediction errors of flow rates and pore water pressure distribution, suggesting it can help better evaluate the effects of pH and other conditioning measures in electro-osmotic applications.
Background: Achilles tendon is vital in maintaining the stability and function of ankle joint. It is quite difficult to achieve the structural and functional repair of Achilles tendon in tissue engineering.
Methods: A tissue-engineered tendon micro-tissue was prepared using rat tail tendon extracellular matrix (TECM) combined with rat adipose stem cells (ADSCs) to repair Achilles tendon injuries.
Article Synopsis
- * Experiments with two variable charge soils showed that the initial electro-osmotic rate depends on electric current and pore fluid conductivity, aligning with an ion migration model.
- * Findings revealed that voltage gradient and pH distribution affect the electro-osmotic flow rate and direction, and the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski model is useful for understanding its non-linear behavior in steady states.
Article Synopsis
- - This study investigates how changes in α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels can predict survival outcomes for patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC).
- - The research included 889 patients from five hospitals, analyzing AFP levels using a model that identified three distinct trajectory patterns: high stable, low stable, and sharp-falling.
- - Findings indicate that AFP trajectory patterns, along with certain clinical stages, significantly correlate with overall survival rates, suggesting that monitoring AFP levels could enhance clinical decision-making for treating large HCC.
Article Synopsis
- Paraquat (PQ) exposure is linked to neurotoxicity, but understanding its effects is complicated by varying research methods.
- This study introduced an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) to explore how PQ causes neuro-immunotoxicity, focusing on synaptic loss in mice's brains due to immune system activation.
- The research revealed that the complement C1q/C3-CD11b pathway plays a key role in this process, leading to issues in microglial function and cognitive impairment, ultimately enriching the understanding of PQ's ecological risks.
Article Synopsis
- * It describes a specific method called piezo-RAFT polymerization, which uses ultrasonic waves (40 kHz) and piezoelectric nanoparticles to initiate the polymerization process in water, leading to the creation of controlled and consistent polymers.
- * The resulting piezoelectric hydrogels from this process are highlighted for their potential applications in stress sensors, showcasing the practical utility of the researched technique.
A series of Ru(II) complexes incorporating two 4,4'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-2,2'-bipyridine (4,4'-btfmb) coligands and thienyl-appended imidazo[4,5-][1,10]phenanthroline (IP-T) ligands was characterized and assessed for phototherapy effects toward cancer cells. The [Ru(4,4'-btfmb)(IP-T)] scaffold has greater overall redox activity compared to Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes such as [Ru(bpy)]. - have additional oxidations due to the T group and additional reductions due to the 4,4'-btfmb ligands.
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