"Multidisciplinary fast-track" care can significantly reduce risk of mortality among hip fracture patients at least 80 years old: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: "Multidisciplinary fast-track" (MFT) care can accelerate recovery and improve prognosis after surgery, but whether it is effective in older people after hip fracture surgery is unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively compared one-year all-cause mortality between hip fracture patients at least 80 years old at our institution who underwent hip fracture surgery between January 2014 and December 2018 and who then received MFT or conventional care. Multivariable regression was used to assess the association between MFT care and mortality after adjustment for confounders.

Mediators of the association between depression and migraine: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: An association between depression and migraine has been reported in observational studies; however, conventional observational studies are prone to bias. This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between depression and migraine and to quantify the mediating effects of known risk factors.

Methods: We applied two-sample Mendelian randomization and utilized single nucleotide polymorphisms as genetic instruments for exposure (depression) and mediators (sleep traits).

Predictive modeling for identifying infection risk following spinal surgery: Optimizing patient management.

Infection is known to occur in a substantial proportion of patients following spinal surgery and predictive modeling may provide a useful means for identifying those at higher risk of complications and poor prognosis, which could help optimize pre- and postoperative management strategies. The outcome measure of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of all-cause infection during hospitalization following scoliosis surgery. To meet this aim, the present study retrospectively analyzed 370 patients who underwent surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou, China) between January 2016 and October 2022, and patients who either experienced or did not experience all-cause infection while in hospital were compared in terms of their clinicodemographic characteristics, surgical variables and laboratory test results.

Smooth-Guided Implicit Data Augmentation for Domain Generalization.

The training process of a domain generalization (DG) model involves utilizing one or more interrelated source domains to attain optimal performance on an unseen target domain. Existing DG methods often use auxiliary networks or require high computational costs to improve the model's generalization ability by incorporating a diverse set of source domains. In contrast, this work proposes a method called Smooth-Guided Implicit Data Augmentation (SGIDA) that operates in the feature space to capture the diversity of source domains.

Nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in spinal tumor patients.

Objectives: Although several independent risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after spinal tumor surgery have been studied, a simple and valid predictive model for PPC occurrence after spinal tumor surgery has not been developed.

Patients And Methods: We collected data from patients who underwent elective spine surgery for a spinal tumor between 2013 and 2020 at a tertiary hospital in China. Data on patient characteristics, comorbidities, preoperative examinations, intraoperative variables, and clinical outcomes were collected.

Enantioselective Hydrophosphination of Terminal Alkenyl Aza-Heteroarenes.

This paper presents a Mn(I)-catalysed methodology for the enantioselective hydrophosphination of terminal alkenyl aza-heteroarenes. The catalyst operates through H-P bond activation, enabling successful hydrophosphination of a diverse range of alkenyl-heteroarenes with high enantioselectivity. The presented protocol addresses the inherently low reactivity and the commonly encountered suboptimal enantioselectivities of these challenging substrates.

Development of care quality indicators for palliative care in China: A modified Delphi method study.

Objective: While there are limited studies addressing palliative care quality in China, the availability of an effective set of care quality indicators is scarce. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive set of quality indicators for palliative care in China.

Methods: Conducting a systematic literature search across databases and guideline websites from inception to October 2020, combined with qualitative interviews, we established a preliminary pool of indicators.

Risk Factors for Hypocoagulability After Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

Hemostatic disturbances after cardiac surgery can lead to excessive postoperative bleeding. Thromboelastography (TEG) was employed to evaluate perioperative coagulative alterations in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), investigating the correlation between factors concomitant with cardiac surgery and modifications in coagulation. Coagulation index as determined by TEG correlated significantly with postoperative bleeding at 24-72 h after cardiac surgery ( < .

JAG-1/Notch signaling axis in the spinal cord contributes to bone cancer pain in rats.

Notch signal plays an important role in regulating cell-cell interactions with the adjacent cells. However, it remains unknown whether Jagged1 (JAG-1) mediated Notch signaling regulates bone cancer pain (BCP) via the spinal cell interactions mechanism. Here, we showed that intramedullary injection of Walker 256 breast cancer cells increased the expression of JAG-1 in spinal astrocytes and knockdown of JAG-1 reduced BCP.

Causal relationship between obesity and iron deficiency anemia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies have suggested an association between obesity and iron deficiency anemia, but such studies are susceptible to reverse causation and residual confounding. Here we used Mendelian randomization to assess whether the association might be causal.

Methods: Data on single-nucleotide polymorphisms that might be associated with various anthropometric indicators of obesity were extracted as instrumental variables from genome-wide association studies in the UK Biobank.

Site-Specific Covalent Immobilization of SMA-Stabilized ACE2 for SARS-CoV-2 Recognition and Drug Screening.

Membrane protein (MP)-based biomaterials have a wide range of applications in drug screening, antigen detection, and ligand-receptor interaction analysis. Traditional MP immobilization methods have the disadvantage of disordered protein immobilization orientation, leading to the shielded binding domain and unreliable binding pattern. Herein, we describe a site-specific covalent immobilization of MPs, which utilizes the styrene maleic acid (SMA) detergent-free extraction method of MPs as well as the covalent reaction between His-tag and divinyl sulfone (DVS).

Manganese(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrophosphination of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Derivatives.

Here we report catalytic asymmetric hydrophosphination of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives using a chiral Mn(I) complex as a catalyst. Through H-P bond activation, various phosphine-containing chiral products can be accessed via hydrophosphination of various ketone-, ester-, and carboxamide-based Michael acceptors.

Enantio- and -selective synthesis of functionalized alkenes bearing tertiary allylic stereogenic center.

Olefins are ubiquitous in biologically active molecules and frequently used as building blocks in chemical transformations. However, although many strategies exist for the synthesis of stereodefined -olefines, their thermodynamically less stable counterparts are substantially more demanding, while access to those bearing an allylic stereocenter with an adjacent reactive functionality remains unsolved altogether. Even the classic Wittig reaction, arguably the most versatile and widely used approach to construct -alkenes, falls short for the synthesis of these particularly challenging yet highly useful structural motives.

Causal association of sleep disturbances and low back pain: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous observational studies have shown that low back pain (LBP) often coexists with sleep disturbances, however, the causal relationship remains unclear. In the present study, the causal relationship between sleep disturbances and LBP was investigated and the importance of sleep improvement in the comprehensive management of LBP was emphasized.

Methods: Genetic variants were extracted as instrumental variables (IVs) from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of insomnia, sleep duration, short sleep duration, long sleep duration, and daytime sleepiness.

Risk Factors Affecting the Outcomes of CT-Guided Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation of Thoracic Sympathetic Nerve in the Treatment of Primary Palm Hyperhidrosis.

Background: Primary palm hyperhidrosis (PPH) is a chronic disease characterized by uncontrolled palm-sweating exceeding physiological needs. It negatively impacts the quality of life of the patients and can lead to different degrees of psychological problems. Currently, there are a variety of treatment options for PPH, of which thoracotomy is a first-line treatment that has shown good efficacy.

Catalytic Access to 4-(sec-Alkyl)Anilines via 1,6-Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to Generated aza--Quinone Methides.

The synthesis of aniline derivatives, common building blocks in many pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, dyes or polymers, has been limited to reactions based on benzene-toluene-xylene derivatives (BTX) due to their ample availability. Despite the large number of existing methodologies, the synthesis of chiral 4-(sec-alkyl)anilines has not been accomplished so far. In this work, a tandem strategy based on the generation of a reactive aza--quinone methide (aza--QM) intermediate followed by Cu(I)-catalyzed addition of Grignard reagents has been developed.

Comparison of Analgesic Effects of Different Regional Blocks in Video-assisted Thoracic and Breast Surgeries: A Network Meta-analysis and Systematic Review.

Background: Postoperative pain management in breast surgery and video-assisted thoracic surgeries (VATS) remains challenging. Oral or intravenous infusion of opioids were early treatments, but they can result in gastrointestinal reactions, respiratory inhibition, and other adverse reactions. In recent years, various regional block techniques have been employed for postoperative analgesia of these surgeries.

Efficacy of Percutaneous Radiofrequency Sympathectomy Versus Percutaneous Ethanol Sympatholysis in the Treatment of Primary Hyperhidrosis.

Background: At present, there are many surgical treatments for primary hyperhidrosis (PH), but their medium- and long-term effects remain unclear.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of radiofrequency sympathectomy (RFS) and percutaneous ethanol sympatholysis (PES) in the treatment of PH.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Long-Term Follow-Up Safety and Effectiveness of CT-Guided Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation of Sphenopalatine Ganglion in Refractory Headache Treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTA) of the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) for patients with refractory headache.

Methods: A total of 14 patients with refractory migraine and 10 patients with cluster headache (CH) who underwent CT-guided SPG RF between May 2019 and August 2021 at the Jiaxing First Hospital, located in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, China, were included and analyzed in this retrospective cohort study. Pain score, sleep quality scores, and treatment effects were observed before operation as well as 1 day and 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery.

Analysis of Efficacy and Factors Associated with Reccurence After Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation in Patients with Postherpetic Neuralgia: a Long-Term Retrospective and Clinical Follow-Up Study.

Introduction: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a painful condition that persists for 1 month or more after herpes zoster rash has healed. Radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RF-TC) provides analgesia by destroying the dorsal root ganglion and blocking the pain upload pathway; nonetheless, the concomitant neurological-related side effects and recurrence remain a concern.

Methods: In this study, 228 patients with PHN in the thoracic segment treated with RF-TC of the dorsal root ganglion of the spinal nerve were included, and were followed up regularly after surgery.

Trigeminal extracranial thermocoagulation along with patient-controlled analgesia with esketamine for refractory postherpetic neuralgia after herpes zoster ophthalmicus: A case report.

Background: Primary trigeminal neuralgia can achieve satisfactory results through clinical treatment and intervention. The pathogenesis of neuralgia caused by varicella-zoster virus infection of the trigeminal nerve is more complex, and it is still difficult to relieve the pain in some patients simply by drug treatment or surgical intervention.

Case Summary: A 66-year-old woman was hospitalized with herpetic neuralgia after herpes zoster ophthalmicus (varicella-zoster virus infects the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve).