Oncogenic RAS induces a distinctive form of non-canonical autophagy mediated by the P38-ULK1-PI4KB axis.

Cancer cells with RAS mutations exhibit enhanced autophagy, essential for their proliferation and survival, making it a potential target for therapeutic intervention. However, the regulatory differences between RAS-induced autophagy and physiological autophagy remain poorly understood, complicating the development of cancer-specific anti-autophagy treatments. In this study, we identified a form of non-canonical autophagy induced by oncogenic KRAS expression, termed RAS-induced non-canonical autophagy via ATG8ylation (RINCAA).

Intelligent tetrahydrothiophene gas detection based on electrochemical sensor array.

With extensive use of natural gas energy, various gas accidents occur frequently. Reasonable odorization of natural gas is an effective way to detect gas leakage in time and avoid gas explosions. Therefore, it is necessary to realize the identification and concentration detection of natural gas odorants to ensure early warning without degrading the gas quality.

A distinctive form of autophagy induced by oncogenic RAS.

RAS mutations enhance macroautophagy/autophagy in tumor cells, crucial for their growth and survival, making autophagy a promising therapeutic target for RAS-mutant cancers. However, the distinction between RAS-induced autophagy and physiological autophagy is not well understood. We recently identified a unique form of autophagy, RAS-induced non-canonical autophagy via ATG8ylation (RINCAA), which differs from starvation-induced autophagy.

Regulation of surface-bound radicals enhanced Fenton-like activities via radicals confined on FeO/MXenes.

The low yield and efficiency of surface-bound radicals seriously affect the Fenton-like activity of the catalyst. In this study, novel FeO/MXenes (VC and TiC) composites are designed for structural domain regulation of surface-bound radicals. The MXenes with multilayer structure enhance the adsorption energy and electron transfer of the FeO/peroxodisulfate (PDS) system.

Side Chain Crosslinked Anion Exchange Membrane for Acid Concentration by Electrodialysis.

Electrodialysis (ED) technology for waste acid treatment has high economic efficiency and environmentally friendly advantages. The primary limitation of ED in the retrieval of low-concentration spent acids lies in the leakage of hydrogen ions through anion exchange membranes (AEMs) due to its extremely small size and high mobility. To address this issue, a series of AEMs named QPAB- ( = 3, 5, 7, 10) were designed for acid concentration in ED process by increasing the membrane densities through in situ crosslinking in this study.

Effects of patent foramen ovale in migraine: a metabolomics-based study.

Patent foramen ovale (PFO), a cardiac anatomical anomaly inducing abnormal haemodynamics, leads to a paradoxical bypass of the pulmonary circulation. PFO closure might alleviate migraines; however, clinical evidence and basic experiments for the relationship are lacking. To explore the effect of PFO on migraine, 371 migraineurs finishing blood tests and contrast transthoracic echocardiography for the detection of PFO were prospectively included.

Ultrathin zwitterionic COF membranes from colloidal 2D-COF towards precise molecular sieving.

Membrane technology is an important component of resource recovery. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with inherent long-range ordered structure and permanent porosity are ideal materials for fabricating advanced membrane. Zwitterionic COFs have unique features beyond single ionic COFs containing anions or cations.

Hydrogel doped with sinomenine-CeO nanoparticles for sustained intra-articular therapy in knee osteoarthritis.

In this study, we developed an intra-articular injectable hydrogel drug depot (SMN-CeO@G) for sustained OA treatment. This hydrogel system, which carries sinomenine-loaded cerium dioxide nanoparticles (SMN-CeO), enhances anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects within the joint cavity. SMN-CeO@G features a three-dimensional network structure with an approximate pore size of 10 μm, stably encapsulating SMN-CeO nanoparticles (∼75 nm).

Visible-Light-Induced -Quinone Methides Formation in Situ Using -Alkylarenols as Precursors for Tandem [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction.

Reported herein is the generation of -quinone methides (-QMs) via metal-free visible-light-induced oxidation of -alkylarenols, as well as their subsequent reaction with olefins to afford chromans in good to excellent yields (up to 91%). The key is the selective activation of the benzylic C(sp)-H bond of -alkylarenols via single electron transfer (SET) and the formation of -QMs via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT).

Identification of core immune-related genes CTSK, C3, and IFITM1 for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection-associated gastric cancer through transcriptomic analysis.

Objectives: To identify diagnostic genes and mechanisms linking Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection to gastric cancer.

Methods: Gene expression profiles from GEO were analyzed using differential expression gene (DEG) analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and functional enrichment.

Intranasal dantrolene nanoparticles inhibit inflammatory pyroptosis in 5XFAD mice brains.

Background: This study investigates the effects of intranasal dantrolene nanoparticles on inflammation and programmed cell death by pyroptosis in 5XFAD Alzheimer's Disease (AD) mice.

Methods: 5XFAD and wild type (WT) B6SJLF1/J mice were treated with intranasal dantrolene nanoparticles (5 mg/kg), daily, Monday to Friday, for 12 weeks continuously, starting at 9 months of age. Blood and brain were harvested at 13 months of age, one month after completion of 12 weeks intranasal dantrolene nanoparticle treatment.

[Viable Bacteria Assay of by RT-qPCR Measurement of Gene Expression Levels: Establishment and Application of a New Method].

Objective: To establish a viable bacteria assay for () by assessing the gene expression, and to develop accordingly a rapid and novel testing method for clinical precision treatment.

Methods: Viable bacteria count was determined in bacterial cultures. The transcriptional expression level of (), the conserved gene that encodes cholesterol-α-glucosyltransferase (CGT) in , was measured by RT-PCR.

Induction of cytochrome P450 via upregulation of CAR and PXR: a potential mechanism for altered florfenicol metabolism by macranthoidin B .

Introduction: Macranthoidin B (MB) is a primary active component of In Chinese veterinary clinics, is frequently used in combination with florfenicol to prevent and treat infections in livestock and poultry. However, potential interactions between and florfenicol remain unclear. To systematically study these interactions, it is crucial to investigate the individual phytochemicals within .

Coronavirus envelope protein activates TMED10-mediated unconventional secretion of inflammatory factors.

The precise cellular mechanisms underlying heightened proinflammatory cytokine production during coronavirus infection remain incompletely understood. Here we identify the envelope (E) protein in severe coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2, SARS, or MERS) as a potent inducer of interleukin-1 release, intensifying lung inflammation through the activation of TMED10-mediated unconventional protein secretion (UcPS). In contrast, the E protein of mild coronaviruses (229E, HKU1, or OC43) demonstrates a less pronounced effect.

Two distinct regulatory pathways govern Cct2-Atg8 binding in the process of solid aggrephagy.

CCT2 serves as an aggrephagy receptor that plays a crucial role in the clearance of solid aggregates, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms by which CCT2 regulates solid aggrephagy are not fully understood. Here we report that the binding of Cct2 to Atg8 is governed by two distinct regulatory mechanisms: Atg1-mediated Cct2 phosphorylation and the interaction between Cct2 and Atg11. Atg1 phosphorylates Cct2 at Ser412 and Ser470, and disruption of these phosphorylation sites impairs solid aggrephagy by hindering Cct2-Atg8 binding.

Intranasal dantrolene nanoparticles inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced depression and anxiety behavior in mice.

This study investigates the therapeutic effectiveness of intranasal dantrolene nanoparticles pretreatment to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pathological inflammation and synapse destruction and depressive and anxiety behavior in mice. Both wild-type (WT) B6SJLF1/J and 5XFAD adult mice (5-10 months old) were pretreated with intranasal dantrolene nanoparticles (dantrolene: 5mg/kg), daily, Monday to Friday, 5 days per week, for 4 weeks. Then, mice were treated with intraperitoneal injection of LPS (5mg/kg) for one time.

In Vivo Quantification of Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Wall Stretch Using MRI: Relationship to Repair Threshold Diameter and Ex Vivo Wall Failure Behavior.

Ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (aTAAs) can lead to life-threatening dissection and rupture. Recent studies have highlighted aTAA mechanical properties as relevant factors associated with progression. The aim of this study was to quantify in vivo aortic wall stretch in healthy participants and aTAA patients using displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) magnetic resonance imaging.

Mechanistic Interrogation on Wound Healing and Scar Removing by the MoB Nanoscaffold Revealed Regulated Amino Acid and Purine Metabolism.

Wound rehabilitation is invariably time-consuming, scar formation further weakens therapeutic efficacy, and detailed mechanisms at the molecular level remain unclear. In this work, a MoB nanoscaffold was fabricated and utilized for wound healing and scar removing in a mice model, while metabolomics was used to study the metabolic reprogramming of metabolome during therapy at the molecular level. The results showed that transition metal borides, called MoB nanoscaffolds, could mimic superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase to eliminate excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the wound microenvironment.

Enhancing cerebral arteriovenous malformation analysis: Development and application of patient-specific lumped parameter models based on 3D imaging data.

Objectives: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) present complex neurovascular challenges, characterized by direct arteriovenous connections that disrupt normal brain blood flow dynamics. Traditional lumped parameter models (LPMs) offer a simplified angioarchitectural representation of AVMs, yet often fail to capture the intricate structure within the AVM nidus. This research aims at refining our understanding of AVM hemodynamics through the development of patient-specific LPMs utilizing three-dimensional (3D) medical imaging data for enhanced structural fidelity.

The Beijing angle closure progression study: design and methodology.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to summarize the design and methodology of a large-scale trial in northern China, the Beijing Angle Closure Progression Study (BAPS). This trial is designed to explore the 5-year incidence of primary angle-closure suspect (PACS) progressing to primary angle-closure (PAC) or primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and to determine the possible risk factors of disease progression.

Methods/design: The BAPS is a clinic-based, multicenter, noninterventional trial conducted on a sample of urban Chinese adults.

Reverse-Selective Anion Separation Relies on Charged "Hourglass" Gate.

According to the hydration size and charge property of separated ions, the transport channel can be constructed to achieve precision ion separation, but the ion geometry as a separation parameter to design the channel structure is rarely reported. Herein, a reverse-selective anion separation membrane composed of a metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) layer with a charged "hourglass" channel as an ion-selective switch to manipulate oxoanion transport is developed. The gate in "hourglass" with tetrahedral geometry similar to the oxoanion (such as SO2- 4, Cr 2O2- 7, and MnO- 4) boosts the transmission effect oxoanion much larger than Cl through geometric matching and Coulomb interaction.