Facile Preparation of Ultrafine Porous Copper Powders for Accelerating the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate.

In this study, we innovatively proposed a facile method to synthesize ultrafine porous copper (Cu) powders under mild conditions by utilizing the reduction properties of reduced iron (Fe) powders. The results showed that Cu was easily reduced to Cu at 1.05-1.

Effect of Printing Parameters on the Surface Roughness of 3D-Printed Melt-Cast Explosive Substitutes Based on Melt Extrusion Technology.

In recent years, the application of 3D printing technology in the energetic materials field has proved its ability to innovate traditional charging methods and fabricate complex structures to improve combustion/detonation performance. The melt extrusion technology is the most promising way to fabricate complex structures and multiple components of melt-cast explosives. In this study, a paraffine-based composite was used to substitute melt-cast explosives, and a Design of Experiments approach based on central composite design was adopted to investigate the influence of layer thickness, percent infill, extrusion temperature, and printing velocity on the roughness of printed samples.

Preparation of Al@FTCS/P(VDF-HFP) Composite Energetic Materials and Their Reaction Properties.

Strengthening the interfacial contact between the reactive components effectively boosts the energy release of energetic materials. In this study, we aimed to create a close-knit interfacial contact condition between aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs) and Polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (P(VDF-HFP)) through hydrolytic adsorption and assembling 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-Perfluorododecyltrichlorosilane (FTCS) on the surface of Al NPs. Leveraging hydrogen bonding between -CF and -CH and the interaction between C-F⋯F-C groups, the adsorbed FTCS directly leads to the growth of the P(VDF-HFP) coating layer around the treated Al NPs, yielding Al@FTCS/P(VDF-HFP) energetic composites.

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Ammonium Nitrate on the Main Crystal Surface of Ferric Oxide: Experimental and Theoretical Studies.

Understanding the decomposition process of ammonium nitrate (AN) on catalyst surfaces is crucial for the development of practical and efficient catalysts in AN-based propellants. In this study, two types of nano-FeO catalysts were synthesized: spherical particles with high-exposure (104) facets and flaky particles with high-exposure (110) facets. Through thermal analysis and particle size analysis, it was found that the nanosheet-FeO catalyst achieved more complete AN decomposition despite having a larger average particle size compared to nanosphere-FeO.

2D Atomic Layers for CO Photoreduction.

Artificial photosynthesis can convert carbon dioxide into high value-added chemicals. However, due to the poor charge separation efficiency and CO activation ability, the conversion efficiency of photocatalytic CO reduction is greatly restricted. Ultrathin 2D photocatalyst emerges as an alternative to realize the higher CO reduction performance.

Synthesis of Covalently Modified Energetic Graphene Oxide/CuO Composites with Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate.

In this study, a new covalently modified energetic graphene oxide (CMGO) was synthesized by introducing the energetic component 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole on GO sheets through valence bond bonding. The morphology and structure of CMGO were studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the results showed that CMGO was successfully synthesized. Then, CMGO/CuO was prepared by loading nano-CuO onto CMGO sheets using an ultrasonic dispersion method.

Equal-Material Manufacturing of a Thermoplastic Melt-Cast Explosive Using Thermal-Pressure Coupling Solidification Treatment Technology.

To eliminate internal defects of grains developed during melt-cast charging, the formation mechanism and the trend of crystal morphology of internal defects of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and 2,4-dinitroanisole-based melt-cast explosives under different process conditions were simulated. The effects of solidification treatment on melt-cast explosive molding quality were investigated by combining pressurized feeding, head insulation, and water bath cooling. The single pressurized treatment technology results showed that grains were exposed to layer-by-layer solidification from outside to inside, resulting in V-shaped shrink areas of the contract cavity in the core.

Molecular Engineering of Binder for Improving the Mechanical Properties and Recyclability of Energetic Composites.

Mechanical properties and reprocessing properties are of great significance to the serviceability and recyclability of energetic composites. However, the mechanical robustness of mechanical properties and dynamic adaptability related to reprocessing properties are inherent contradictions, which are difficult to optimize at the same time. This paper proposed a novel molecular strategy.

Dense, Three-Dimensional, Highly Absorbent, Graphene Oxide Aerogel Coating on ZnCoO/ZnO Particles Exerts a Synergistic Catalytic Effect for Ammonium Perchlorate Thermal Decomposition.

As a new type of carbon material, graphene oxide aerogel (GA) is widely used in catalysis due to its porous structure, high-efficiency adsorption, and superb conductivity. In this study, GA was prepared into a dense coating layer surrounding ZnCoO/ZnO particles to form a composite GA-ZnCoO/ZnO by means of a hydrothermal, blast drying, and vacuum-freeze-drying approach applied to catalyze the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The physicochemical properties of the obtained GA-ZnCoO/ZnO were characterized by different analytical methods.

Theoretical simulation study on crystal property and hygroscopicity of ADN doping with nitramine explosives (RDX, HMX, and CL-20).

To effectively modify the strong hygroscopicity of ammonium dinitramide (ADN) crystal, the modification of ADN crystal in the 298 K under vacuum environment was studied through theoretical calculation. Three kinds of energetic nitramine molecules (X = RDX, HMX, and CL-20) were inserted into ADN crystal in different proportions (the molecular ratios of ADN to X are 6/1, 12/1, 18/1, and 24/1), to form a total of 12 kinds of designed ADN crystals. The results show that with the modification of ADN crystal with RDX, HMX, and CL-20, the crystal space group, cell parameters, crystal density, and growth morphology will be changed under vacuum conditions.

Evaluation of Blend Uniformity and Terminal Point during Continuous Mixing in Water for Modified Double-Base Propellant Components Using a Near-Infrared Method.

A near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer was used to test the double-base absorbent powder sample and to quantitatively analyze the contents of each component as well as their dispersion uniformity to establish a rapid quantitative test method for blending uniformity of modified double-base (MDB) propellant components. First, the quantitative calibration models of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) were constructed based on sample testing, and the RDX model's correlation coefficient was 0.9929.

Effect of Material Properties on the Foaming Behaviors of PP-Based Wood Polymer Composites Prepared with the Application of Spherical Cavity Mixer.

For the low weight and high strength, the microcellular extrusion foaming technology was applied in the preparation of polypropylene (PP)-based wood polymer composites, and the spherical cavity mixer was used to construct an experimental platform for the uniform dispersion of wood flour (WF). The effects of PP molecular configuration on the composite properties and cell morphology of samples were also investigated. The experimental results indicated that the application of a spherical cavity mixer with a cavity radius of 5 mm could effectively improve the mixing quality and avoid the agglomeration of WF.

Effective Magnetic MOFs Adsorbent for the Removal of Bisphenol A, Tetracycline, Congo Red and Methylene Blue Pollutions.

A magnetic metal-organic frameworks adsorbent (FeO@MIL-53(Al)) was prepared by a typical solvothermal method for the removal of bisphenol A (BPA), tetracycline (TC), congo red (CR), and methylene blue (MB). The prepared FeO@MIL-53(Al) composite adsorbent was well characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The influence of adsorbent quantity, adsorption time, pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of the mentioned pollutants were also studied by a UV/Vis spectrophotometer.

Amido-Functionalized Magnetic Metal-Organic Frameworks Adsorbent for the Removal of Bisphenol A and Tetracycline.

In this paper, amido-functionalized MOFs with core/shell magnetic particles (FeO@MIL-53(Al)-NH) was prepared by the solvothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and UV/VIS spectrophotometer. The influence of different factors on the adsorption effect of the pollutant, including adsorbent amounts, adsorption time, ionic strength and pH, were explored. It was found that the amine-decorated FeO@MIL-53(Al)-NH were efficient for removal of contaminant, with the adsorption capacity for bisphenol A (234.

Significantly Enhanced Thermal Decomposition of Mechanically Activated Ammonium Perchlorate Coupling with Nano Copper Chromite.

In this article, nano-CuCrO (copper chromite)/ultrafine ammonium perchlorate (AP) composites were prepared by a ultrasonic dispersion method and a mechanical grinding method. A series of nano-CuCrO/ultrafine AP composites with different dispersions were prepared by controlling the compounding time to study the best catalytic effect of nano-CuCrO on the ultrafine AP. The microstructures, surface elements, and morphologies of samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy.

Fabrication of thermoresponsive metal-organic nanotube sponge and its application on the adsorption of endocrine-disrupting compounds and pharmaceuticals/personal care products: Experiment and molecular simulation study.

Thermoresponsive metal-organic nanotube modified (MONT-pNIPAM, pNIPAM = poly N-isopropylacrylamide) sponge was synthesized using the dip-coating method and served as an adsorbent for endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals/personal care products (PPCPs) removal. The material was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N sorption-desorption. Nonlinear regression-based equations were derived to optimize pH and ionic strength during process.

CuO/PbO Nanocomposite: Preparation and Catalysis for Ammonium Perchlorate Thermal Decomposition.

In this present article, we reported a facile and efficient milling method to prepare a series of CuO/PbO nanocomposite metal oxides (CuO/PbO NMOs), with CuO/PbO molar ratios of 1:2, 1:1, 1:0.5, and 1:0.25 as a potential catalyst to catalyze the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP).