When to Transfer: Predictors of Pediatric High Flow Nasal Cannula Failure at a Community Hospital.

Objectives: To identify risk factors of high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) failure at a US pediatric hospital without a co-located ICU.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients aged 0 to 18 years who were started on HFNC in the emergency department or inpatient unit at a community hospital over a 16-month period. Children with chronic medical conditions were excluded.

African-American:White Disparity in Infant Mortality due to Congenital Heart Disease.

Objective: To determine the importance of infant factors, maternal prenatal care use, and demographic characteristics in explaining the racial disparity in infant (age <365 days) mortality due to congenital heart defects (CHD).

Study Design: In this cross-sectional population-based study, stratified and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed on the 2003-2004 National Center for Health Statistics linked live birth-infant death cohort files of term infants with non-Hispanic white (n = 3 684 569) and African-American (n = 782 452) US-born mothers. Infant mortality rate, including its neonatal (<28 day) and postneonatal (28-364 day) components, due to CHD was the outcome measured.

Differing first year mortality rates of term births to White, African-American, and Mexican-American US-born and foreign-born mothers.

To determine whether maternal nativity (US-born versus foreign-born) is associated with the first year mortality rates of term births. Stratified and multivariable binomial regression analyses were performed on the 2003-2004 National Center for Health Statistics linked live birth-infant death cohort files. Only term (37-42 weeks) infants with non-Latina White, African-American, and Mexican-American mothers were studied.