Effects of a live versus heat-inactivated probiotic spp in preterm infants: a randomised clinical trial.

Background: Heat-inactivated probiotics (HPs) may provide an effective alternative to live probiotics (P) by avoiding their risks (eg, probiotic sepsis) while retaining the benefits. We assessed the safety and efficacy of a HP in very preterm (VP: gestation <32 weeks) infants.

Methods: VP infants were randomly allocated to receive a HP or P mixture ( M-16V, subsp.

Effect of Probiotic Dose Escalation on Gut Microbiota and Clinical Outcomes in Preterm Infants-A Systematic Review.

Probiotics are known to decrease incidences of necrotising enterocolitis, feeding intolerance, late-onset sepsis, and mortality in preterm infants. Administering an adequate dose is important for optimizing the benefits and safety of probiotics. We conducted a systematic review to assess the effect of probiotic dose escalation on clinical outcomes and gut microbiota in preterm neonates.

Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 as a probiotic in preterm infants: An updated systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Our previous strain-specific systematic review (SR) showed that Lactobacillus reuteri (LR) DSM 17938 reduces necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), late-onset sepsis (LOS), and time to full feeds (TFF) in preterm infants. Considering progress in the field over the past 6 years, we aimed to update our SR.

Methods: SR of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs was conducted.

Growth and neuro-developmental outcomes of probiotic supplemented preterm infants-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Gut dysbiosis is associated with sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants, which can adversely affect long-term growth and neurodevelopment. We aimed to synthesise evidence for the effect of probiotic supplementation on growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMCARE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and grey literature were searched in February 2022.

Neonatal Staphylococcus Aureus Sepsis: a 20-year Western Australian experience.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterise neonatal Staphylococcus aureus (SA) sepsis in Western Australia (WA) between 2001 and 2020 at the sole tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), examine risk factors for sepsis in the cohort, and compare short- and long-term outcomes to control infants without any sepsis.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study at the Neonatal Directorate at King Edward Memorial Hospital (KEMH) and Perth Children's Hospital, using electronic databases and patient medical records.

Results: The overall incidence of SA sepsis was 0.

Outcomes in extremely low birth weight (≤500 g) preterm infants: A Western Australian experience.

Background And Aim: Extremely preterm (EP) infant survival has significantly improved with advanced neonatal care; however outcomes of infants born with birth weight (BW) ≤500 g remain poor. We aimed to review outcomes of this cohort in our institution.

Methods: Retrospective study of all inborn preterm infants born at ≥22 weeks gestational age (GA) and weighing ≤500 g between January 2001-December 2017.

Association of gastric residual volumes with necrotising enterocolitis in extremely preterm infants-a case-control study.

Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a potentially serious illness with significant mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Previous studies have reported association of volume and colour (bile and blood stained) of gastric residuals (GR) with NEC. We aimed to study this association in our cohort of extremely preterm (EP) infants.

Survey of clinical staff knowledge on the long-term outcomes of very preterm infants delivered in a tertiary referral hospital.

Aim: To assess knowledge of our neonatal intensive care unit clinical staff regarding preterm neurodevelopmental outcomes using the 33-item Preterm Birth Knowledge Scale (PB-KS).

Methods: An anonymous convenience sampling survey of clinical staff in the Neonatal Directorate was conducted between July and December 2019. PB-KS, demographic information and prior staff education on long-term outcomes in very preterm infants were collected.

Congenital knee dislocation: a rare and unexpected finding.

Congenital knee dislocation is a rare condition of unknown aetiology. It could be associated with syndromes or may occur as an isolated entity. The severity of the deformity determines the method of treatment.

Composition of Coloured Gastric Residuals in Extremely Preterm Infants-A Nested Prospective Observational Study.

Green gastric residuals (GR) are often considered as a sign of feed intolerance and discarded in preterm infants. Probiotics are known to enhance feed tolerance in preterm infants. To assess the composition (primary outcome) and volume of discarded green GRs, and feeding outcomes in extremely preterm (EP) infants in a probiotic trial, composition of pale and dark green GRs in the first two weeks of life from EP infants (<28 weeks) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT: SiMPro) of single vs.

Early versus late parenteral nutrition for critically ill term and late preterm infants.

Background: Recently conducted randomised controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that late commencement of parenteral nutrition (PN) may have clinical benefits in critically ill adults and children. However, there is currently limited evidence regarding the optimal timing of commencement of PN in critically ill term and late preterm infants.

Objectives: To evaluate the benefits and safety of early versus late PN in critically ill term and late preterm infants.

Spinal needle size and traumatic neonatal lumbar puncture: an observational study (neo-LP).

The incidence of 'traumatic' lumbar puncture (LP; CSF red cells > 500/mm) has been reported to be 35-46% in the neonatal period. A traumatic LP incurs challenges in diagnosis and management of the underlying condition and increases the risk of complications. We aimed to assess the benefits of a smaller outer diameter, larger gauge 25G needle in reducing the incidence of traumatic LPs compared with the standard 22G LP needle.

Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome: importance of early diagnosis.

Tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome is a progressive condition involving synostosis of the wrist, ankle and digits. We describe a mother and her newborn that have this rare inherited condition where the diagnosis was made only after the baby's birth. The baby's condition was suspected on antenatal scanning, and he was born with reduced range of motion of his digits, elbows and ankles.

Oropharyngeal Colostrum for Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Administration of oropharyngeal colostrum (OPC) is safe, feasible, and potentially beneficial in preterm infants. We aimed to assess the effects of OPC in preterm infants. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs of OPC administration in preterm infants was conducted.

Probiotics for preterm infants - time to end all controversies.

Mortality, necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), late onset sepsis (LOS) and feeding intolerance are significant issues for very preterm (< 32 weeks) and extremely preterm (< 28 weeks) infants. The complications of ≥ Stage II NEC [e.g.

Outcomes in preterm small versus appropriate for gestation infants after M-16 V supplementation.

Fecal bifidobacteria response after M-16 V supplementation was comparable in preterm small (SGA) versus appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. To compare clinical outcomes between preterm SGA versus AGA infants after routine probiotic supplementation (RPS) with M-16V (3 × 10 CFU/day). Retrospective cohort study (June 2012-August 2015) comparing outcomes between preterm (<34 weeks, subgroup: <29 weeks) SGA versus AGA infants after RPS with M-16 V using multivariable regression analysis.

Para-probiotics for Preterm Neonates-The Next Frontier.

Current evidence supports the use of probiotics in preterm neonates for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis, mortality and late onset sepsis. Despite the strong evidence, the uptake of this intervention has not been universal due to concerns including probiotic sepsis, pro-inflammatory response and transmission of antibiotic resistance. Critically ill extremely preterm neonates with potentially compromised gut integrity are at higher risk of probiotic sepsis due to translocation.

Effects of probiotics on experimental necrotizing enterocolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundMeta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that probiotics decrease the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. Many animal RCTs have evaluated probiotics for preventing NEC. We systematically reviewed the literature on this topic.

Bifidobacterium breve M-16V as a Probiotic for Preterm Infants: A Strain-Specific Systematic Review.

Introduction: Bifidobacterium breve M-16V has been used as a probiotic in preterm infants. Probiotic strain-specific data are essential to guide clinical practice.

Objective: To assess effects of B breve M-16V in preterm neonates.

Amniotic Band Syndrome With Pseudoarthrosis of Tibia and Fibula: A Case Report.

Constriction of the lower limb by a congenital amniotic band has been proposed to explain the development of pseudoarthrosis of the tibia and fibula. We report a case of amniotic band syndrome in a preterm female infant with pseudoarthrosis of the tibia and fibula. She was born at 29 weeks of gestation with congenital amniotic bands and was noted to have a severely edematous left foot distal to the constricting band with rudimentary digits.