Triglycerides and metabolic syndrome: from basic to mechanism - A narrative review.

Content: The impact of triglyceride levels is important to understand the changes in metabolism and structure. With an increase in obesity and hyperlipidemia due to diet; cardiovascular and neuronal structural changes have been shown to be more distinct.

Objective: This review aims to discuss the pathophysiology and mechanisms involved in increased levels of triglycerides leading to vascular impairment, metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline.

Efficacy of choline and DHA supplements or enriched environment exposure during early adult obesity in mitigating its adverse impact through aging in rats.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of choline and DHA or exposure to environmental enrichment in obese adult and aging rats on alterations in body mass index, serum lipid profile and arterial wall changes, despite stopping high fat diet consumption and interventions during adulthood.

Methods: 21 day old male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned as Experiment-1 & 2 - PND rats were divided into 4 groups with interventions for 7 months (n = 8/group). NC- Normal control fed normal chow diet; OB- Obese group, fed high fat diet; OB + CHO + DHA- fed high fat diet and oral supplementation of choline, DHA.

Hippocampal neural cell degeneration and memory deficit in high-fat diet-induced postnatal obese rats- exploring the comparable benefits of choline and DHA or environmental enrichment.

Purpose: Childhood obesity increases risk for neural dysfunctions causing learning and memory deficits. The objective of the study is to identify the effects of high fat diet-induced obesity in postnatal period on serum lipids, memory and neural cell survival in hippocampus and compare the role of choline and DHA or environmental enrichment in attenuating the alterations.

Materials And Methods: 21 day postnatal male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned as Normal control [NC] fed normal chow diet, Obesity-induced [OB] fed high fat diet, Obesity-induced fed choline & DHA [OB + CHO + DHA], Obesity-induced environmental enrichment [OB + EE] [ = 8/group].

Unusual and Unique Variant Branches of Lateral Cord of Brachial Plexus and its Clinical Implications- A Cadaveric Study.

Introduction: Adequate knowledge on variant morphology of brachial plexus and its branches are important in clinical applications pertaining to trauma and surgical procedures of the upper extremity.

Aim: Current study was aimed to report variations of the branches of the lateral cord of brachial plexus in the axilla and their possible clinical complications.

Materials And Methods: Total number of 82 upper limbs from 41 formalin embalmed cadavers was dissected.