Publications by authors named "Gayathri K"

To determine the level of disability in patients suffering from tinnitus using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score, to evaluate the changes in otoacoustic emissions in a patient with tinnitus and evaluate the co-relation of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score with the Otoacoustic emission result This is an observational study done over a period of 6 months, in which patients aged more than 18 years who presented to the ENT OPD of our institute with complaints of tinnitus were considered for inclusion in the study. Patients with primary tinnitus, who consented to be part of the study were assessed for handicap caused by tinnitus using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score. All patients were subjected to Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) and Screening OAE to look for the "Pass" or "Refer" in the OAE result.

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Introduction: To evaluate the enamel abrasion effects of soft, ultra-soft, and nano-bristle toothbrushes using atomic force microscopy (AFM) to guide toothbrush selection for optimal enamel preservation.

Methods: This in vitro study involved 45 extracted human teeth (central and lateral incisors), randomly assigned to three groups (n=15 each): Group I (nano-bristle), Group II (ultra-soft bristle), and Group III (soft bristle). Each specimen underwent 10,000 brushing cycles with a standardized 2 N force to simulate one year of brushing.

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Background: Periodontal disease is a major contributing factor to tooth loss and can significantly impact overall health. Traditional periodontal therapy typically involves mechanical debridement to remove plaque and calculus, along with the use of antimicrobial agents to reduce bacterial load. Licorice () has a long history of use in traditional medicine for treating various ailments since it contains glycyrrhizin, glabridin, liquiritin, and flavonoids, which possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities.

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Article Synopsis
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with varied symptoms, primarily affecting women but often leading to more severe cases in men, necessitating a deeper understanding of gender-specific outcomes for effective management.
  • There is currently no cure for SLE; treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing disease flares, while patients face increased risks of infections that complicate management.
  • The review includes a thorough literature search to analyze gender influences on SLE's clinical consequences and outlines the need for research to improve treatment strategies tailored to gender variations.
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Aim To evaluate the biocompatibility of ethanolic extract of (bael/vilvam) leaves with gingival fibroblast cells.  Materials and methods Commercially available bael leaves were used to produce a herbal ethanolic extract using the cold percolation technique. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of the bael leaf extract (BLE) on fibroblast cell line at six different concentrations (200µl/ml, 100µl/ml, 50µl/ml, 25µl/ml, 12.

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  • - Periodontitis is caused by harmful bacteria, and traditional treatments often rely on mechanical cleaning and chemical agents, which can lead to side effects and antibiotic resistance. Researchers are considering herbal remedies like Tulsi for their effectiveness and fewer adverse effects.
  • - This study investigates the antibacterial power of Tulsi's ethanolic extract against a significant periodontal bacterium, using chlorhexidine, a common treatment, as a comparison.
  • - The results showed that Tulsi's extract was effective, especially at higher concentrations (25 mg/mL produced a 17 mm zone of inhibition, and 50 mg/mL produced a 25 mm), although chlorhexidine still had a greater effect (32 mm zone).
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Aim This study aims to assess patient motivation during implant therapy using the newly developed implant treatment motivation scale. Materials and methods A questionnaire study was conducted, consisting of 15 questions designed to explore the motivating factors behind patients' decision to undergo implant therapy. A total of 50 patients about to undergo implant treatment at the Departments of Periodontology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Prosthodontics participated in the study.

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Background: Periodontal disease is a host-mediated inflammation caused due to microbial challenge. Hence, mechanisms involving the control of host-associated mediators can be a potential target. The conventional nonsurgical periodontal treatment modality includes scaling and root planing (SRP), which is often combined with adjunctive chemical plaque control agents for effective disease control.

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The incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide in a life-threatening manner. In such a scenario, the development of anti-cancer drugs with minimal side effects and effective drug delivery systems is of paramount importance. Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the powerful anti-cancer drugs from the chemical family anthracycline, which is used to treat a wide variety of cancers, including breast, prostate, ovarian, and hematological malignancies.

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Background: The left ventricle segmentation (LVS) is crucial to the assessment of cardiac function. Globally, cardiovascular disease accounts for the majority of deaths, posing a significant health threat. In recent years, LVS has gained important attention due to its ability to measure vital parameters such as myocardial mass, end-diastolic volume, and ejection fraction.

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Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder with no permanent cure that affects the quality of life due to trismus. Computational pharmacology has accelerated the discovery of drug candidates for the treatment of incurable diseases. The present study aimed to screen the compounds of the miracle herb with drug-likeness properties based on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties.

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To reduce TB deaths, Tamil Nadu, a southern Indian state, implemented the first state-wide differentiated TB care strategy starting April 2022. Triage-positive severely ill patients are prioritised for comprehensive assessment and inpatient care. Routine program data during October-December 2022 revealed that documentation of total score after comprehensive assessment was available in only 39%, possibly indicating poor quality of comprehensive assessment.

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Dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls are a group of lipophilic compounds classified under persistent environmental pollutants (POPs). Significant sources of dioxin emissions include industrial effluents, open burning practices, and biomedical and municipal waste incinerators. These emissions will enter the food chain and accumulate in animal-origin foods (AOFs).

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In India, the incidence of mucormycosis reached high levels during 2021-2022, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to this, we established a multicentric ambispective cohort of patients hospitalised with mucormycosis across India. In this paper, we report their baseline profile, clinical characteristics and outcomes at discharge.

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Herein, we prepare a new array of -(α-furanyl) alkyl sulfoximines a gold catalyzed reaction of enynone with sulfoximine in moderate to very good yields. The reaction involves Michael addition of sulfoximine to enynone, followed by intramolecular cyclization. The presence of two chiral centres led to the formation of a mixture of diastereomers approximately in a 1 : 1 ratio.

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  • The study explores health-seeking behavior among caregivers of under-5 children in the urban slums of Chennai, India, highlighting its impact on reducing child mortality and morbidity.
  • The research involved a mixed-method approach, interviewing 233 caregivers and conducting focus groups to understand the prevalence and factors affecting health-seeking behavior, finding that over 53% engaged in inappropriate practices.
  • Results suggest that education level and awareness of child feeding and health practices significantly influence health-seeking behavior, indicating a need for improved health policies targeting education and awareness in these communities.*
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  • A differentiated care strategy can effectively triage high-risk TB patients for comprehensive assessment and inpatient care, potentially reducing deaths in resource-limited settings.
  • In Tamil Nadu, India, a strategy known as TN-KET was rolled out in April 2022, which saw 78% of notified TB patients triaged, with notable outcomes for those assessed as severely ill.
  • The analysis identified factors influencing care retention and admission outcomes, highlighting areas for improvement, such as addressing predictors of loss in the care cascade and increasing the duration of patient admissions.
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Justification: The diagnosis of Down syndrome (DS) is easily made clinically but the management is multi-disciplinary and life-long. There is no standard protocol available for its management in India.

Process: A committee was formed under the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) chapter of Neuro developmental pediatrics consisting of 20 experts working in the related field.

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Objective: The review aims to comprehend various factors engaged in the alteration of molecular events resulting in Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and its malignant transformation.

Design: Literature pertinent to pathways involved in OSMF were explored in databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. The relevant literature was reviewed and critically appraised in this narrative review.

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Alagille Syndrome: A Case Report.

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

December 2022

Alagille Syndrome (ALGS) is a rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder that causes abnormalities of liver, eye, heart, skeleton and distinctive facial appearance. ALGS is caused by mutation in one of two genes: JAG1 and NOTCH2. There are some reports of Hearing Loss in patients with ALGS raising the possibility of involvement of both structural components of middle ear and sensorineural components of the inner ear.

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Due to the workload and lack of a critical mass of trained operational researchers within their ranks, health systems and programmes may not be able to dedicate sufficient time to conducting operational research (OR). Hence, they may need the technical support of operational researchers from research/academic organisations. Additionally, there is a knowledge gap regarding implementing differentiated tuberculosis (TB) care in programme settings.

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The nitrogen-fixing bacterium has great prospects in replacing synthetic fertilizers with biofertilizers for plant growth. It would be a useful tool in eradicating chemical fertilizers from use. Five nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated from the Tea and Groundnut rhizosphere soil out of which RSKVG 02 proved to be the best.

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Article Synopsis
  • Biofortification improves plant nutrition and counters human micronutrient deficiencies, addressing "hidden hunger" affecting over two billion people.
  • Excessive fertilizer use can harm the environment by releasing greenhouse gases and causing eutrophication, thus highlighting the need for alternative solutions.
  • The review explores various biofortification methods, including microbes, agronomy, plant breeding, and transgenic approaches, showing their potential to enhance nutrient availability and health outcomes.
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Potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) are the important macronutrients needed for the plant development, but it is widely present in an insoluble form for the plant's uptake. In order to increase the productivity, biofertilisers play crucial role in plant growth enhancement. Our present work focused to isolate potassium-phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the agricultural soil of tomato cultivated soil.

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