Associations between body composition and cardiovascular disease risk in pre- and postmenopausal women.

Background: Menopause transition is a critical phase of women's life since body composition and cardiovascular risk factors begin to change during this period. This study investigated the associations between body composition and cardiovascular disease risk (CVDR) in pre (PrMW) and postmenopausal women (PMW).

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study involving 184 PrMW and 166 PMW, selected randomly from Bope-Poddala area in Galle, Sri Lanka was carried out.

Quality of Life and Functional Independence of Hip Fracture Patients: Data from a Single Center Follow-Up Study in Sri Lanka.

Background: Data on the functional outcomes of hip fracture patients in Sri Lanka are limited. As this information is required for the design of long-term care plans, we assessed the physical activities (activities of daily living [ADL]) and quality of life (QoL) of hip fracture survivors in Sri Lanka.

Methods: A group of 180 consecutive patients with incident hip fractures admitted to a tertiary care center in Southern Sri Lanka were followed up for 12 months.

Factors associated with measures of sarcopenia in pre and postmenopausal women.

Background: Menopause associated low serum estradiol marks varieties of derangements in muscle mass and functions leading to sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study was carried out to examine the factors associated with measures of sarcopenia; skeletal muscle mass (SMM), muscle strength and physical performance (PP) in a group of premenopausal (PrMW) and postmenopausal women (PMW) selected from Sri Lanka.

Methods: Randomly selected 184 PrMW and 166 PMW from Galle district, Sri Lanka were studied.

Current incidence and future projections of fragility hip fractures in Sri Lanka.

Unlabelled: IN SRI LANKA, THE CRUDE AND STANDARDIZED HIP FRACTURE RATES IN 2018 WERE 88.3 AND 115.5 PER 100,000 PERSON-YEARS, RESPECTIVELY.

Development and Cross-Validation of Anthropometric Predictive Equations to Estimate Total Body Fat Percentage in Adult Women in Sri Lanka.

Attempts have been made to estimate body fat using anthropometry, and most of them are country-specific. This study was designed to develop and cross-validate anthropometric predictive equations to estimate the total body fat percentage (TBFP) of Sri Lankan adult women. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Galle, Sri Lanka, with two groups: Group A (group for equation development) and Group B (cross-validation group) ( = 175 each) of randomly selected healthy adult women aged 30-60 years.

Factors associated with one-year mortality of patients admitted with fragility hip fracture: a follow-up study in Southern Sri Lanka.

Unlabelled: One hundred and eighty patients with incident fragility hip fracture admitted to a tertiary care center in Sri Lanka were followed up for 12 months. When compared with those survived, patients who died were older and had higher comorbidity and physical impairment, before fracture and at discharge from the hospital.

Introduction: This study examined the factors that are associated with mortality within the first 12 months, of patients admitted with fragility hip fracture to a tertiary care center in Southern Sri Lanka.

Effect of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Modification Education on Knowledge, Attitude, and Quality of Life of Postmenopausal Women.

Limited knowledge and negative attitudes about menopause among postmenopausal women (PMW) create a multitude of health-related issues leading to impaired quality of life (QOL) among them. This study evaluated the impact of a health-promoting lifestyle education intervention (HPLEI) on knowledge, attitude, and QOL in a group of PMW in Sri Lanka. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 72 PMW, matched for sociodemographic status of the community from two geographically separated areas in Galle, and they were allocated to intervention ( = 37) and control ( = 35) groups.

Applicability of health promoting lifestyle profile-II for postmenopausal women in Sri Lanka; a validation study.

Background And Objective: Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II), developed in the West, evaluates 52 health promoting behaviors (HPB) under six subscales. In this study we evaluated the applicability of HPLP-II to assess the HPB of postmenopausal women (PMW) conversant in the Sinhala language in Sri Lanka.

Methods: The Sinhala version of HPLP-II was adapted following standard methodology of cross cultural adaptation.

Impact of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Education Intervention on Health-Promoting Behaviors and Health Status of Postmenopausal Women: A Quasi-Experimental Study from Sri Lanka.

Health promotion through lifestyle education is an important measure to enhance health status of postmenopausal women (PMW). This study evaluated the effectiveness of health-promoting lifestyle education intervention (HPLEI) on adhering to health-promoting behaviors (HPB) and enhancing the health status in a group of Sri Lankan PMW. A quasi-experimental study was conducted with randomly selected, sociodemographic status matched, 72 PMW from two geographically separated areas in Galle District, Sri Lanka, allocated as experimental ( = 37, 54.

Development & cross-validation of anthropometric predictive models to estimate the appendicular skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged women in Sri Lanka.

Background & Objectives: Attempts have been made to estimate appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) using anthropometric indices and most of these are country specific. This study was designed to develop and cross-validate simple predictive models to estimate the ASMM based on anthropometry in a group of healthy middle-aged women in Sri Lanka.

Methods: The study was conducted on a randomly selected group of community-dwelling women aged 30-60 years.

Prevalence and Severity of Menopausal Symptoms and the Quality of Life in Middle-aged Women: A Study from Sri Lanka.

Menopausal symptoms and quality of life (QOL) of pre- and postmenopausal women in Sri Lanka have not been studied adequately. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and the QOL of pre- and postmenopausal women in Galle District, Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a randomly selected sample of premenopausal (n=184) and postmenopausal (n=166) community-dwelling healthy women aged 30-60 years.

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Falls among Rural Community-Dwelling Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study from Southern Sri Lanka.

Falls may cause devastating consequences in older people. Conducting surveys on falls and factors associated with falls will inform better preventive health practices among older people to improve their quality of life. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of falls and recurrent falls among rural community-dwelling older people in Southern Sri Lanka.

Cross cultural adaptation and analysis of psychometric properties of Sinhala version of Menopause Rating Scale.

Background: Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) evaluates eleven menopausal symptoms and health related quality of life (HRQOL) of postmenopausal women under three subscales. In this study we attempted cross cultural adaptation and evaluation of psychometric properties of a Sinhala translation of MRS.

Methods: Sinhala version of MRS was adapted following standard methodology; forward and backward translations, review by an expert group, focus group discussion (FGD) and pre-testing.

Concordance between appendicular skeletal muscle mass measured with DXA and estimated with mathematical models in middle-aged women.

Background: Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) is a measure of body muscle content, and it correlates with nutrition and physical status. Estimation of ASMM using anthropometric models is a well-established strategy to overcome issues related to the restricted availability of sophisticated techniques in measuring ASMM. This study aimed to assess the validity of four selected anthropometric models in estimating ASMM in middle-aged women in Sri Lanka.

Knowledge and Perception of Falls among Community Dwelling Elderly: A Study from Southern Sri Lanka.

The knowledge and perception of falls facilitate a better pathway to improve the health status among the elderly. Knowledge and perception of falls among community dwelling elderly were assessed in 300 participants (175 females) aged 65 years and above using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Mean (SD) age of the participants was 73.

Gender specific age-related changes in bone density, muscle strength and functional performance in the elderly: a-10 year prospective population-based study.

Background: Age-related losses in bone mineral density (BMD), muscle strength, balance, and gait have been linked to an increased risk of falls, fractures and disability, but few prospective studies have compared the timing, rate and pattern of changes in each of these measures in middle-aged and older men and women. This is important so that targeted strategies can be developed to optimise specific musculoskeletal and functional performance measures in older adults. Thus, the aim of this 10-year prospective study was to: 1) characterize and compare age- and gender-specific changes in BMD, grip strength, balance and gait in adults aged 50 years and over, and 2) compare the relative rates of changes between each of these musculoskeletal and functional parameters with ageing.

Femoral neck bone strength estimated by hip structural analysis (HSA) in Swedish Caucasians aged 6-90 years.

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry hip scans of 1,760 population-based Caucasians, 599 girls and 642 boys aged 6-19 years and 270 women and 249 men aged 20-90 years, were analyzed with the hip structural analysis (HSA) software to present age- and sex-specific normative HSA data of the femoral neck (FN). Measured traits included bone mineral density (BMD), cross-sectional area (CSA), section modulus (Z), periosteal diameter (PD), endosteal diameter (ED), cortical thickness (CT), and cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI). When plotting the measured traits versus age, the curves increased with higher ages until statistically significant break points were reached, for all traits at age 17 in girls and age 19 in boys.

Normative calcaneal quantitative ultrasound data as an estimation of skeletal development in Swedish children and adolescents.

We present age- and gender-specific normative bone status data evaluated by quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in the calcaneus with the Lunar Achilles device and compare these estimates with bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) estimated by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Included were a sample of 518 population-based collected Swedish girls and 558 boys aged 6-19 years. QUS measurements included speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and stiffness index (SI) in the calcaneus.

Normative dual energy X-ray absorptiometry data in Swedish children and adolescents.

Aim: To present normative dual energy X-ray absorptiometry data in healthy young Swedes.

Methods: Included were 710 girls and 759 boys aged 6-30 years from southern Sweden. Bone mineral content, bone mineral density, bone size, lean body and fat mass were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in total body, lumbar spine, hip, arms and legs.

A 2-year school-based exercise programme in pre-pubertal boys induces skeletal benefits in lumbar spine.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate if a general school-based exercise intervention programme in pre-pubertal boys would render site-specific benefits in bone mineral accrual and gain in femoral neck structure.

Methods: Eighty boys aged 7-9 years were included in a curriculum-based exercise intervention programme comprising 40 min of general physical activity per school day (200 min/week) for 2 years. Fifty-seven age-matched boys, assigned to the general Swedish school curriculum of 60 min/week, served as controls.

A school-curriculum-based exercise intervention program for two years in pre-pubertal girls does not influence hip structure.

Background: It is known that physical activity during growth has a positive influence on bone mineral accrual, and is thus possibly one strategy to prevent osteoporosis. However, as bone geometry, independent of areal bone mineral density (aBMD), influences fracture risk, this study aimed to evaluate whether hip structure in pre-pubertal girls is also affected by a two-year exercise intervention program.

Methods: Forty-two girls aged 7-9 years in a school-curriculum-based exercise intervention program comprising 40 minutes of general physical activity per school day (200 minutes per week) were compared with 43 age-matched girls who participated in the general Swedish physical education curriculum comprising a mean of 60 minutes per week.

A one-year exercise intervention program in pre-pubertal girls does not influence hip structure.

Background: We have previously reported that a one-year school-based exercise intervention program influences the accrual of bone mineral in pre-pubertal girls. This report aims to evaluate if also hip structure is affected, as geometry independent of bone mineral influences fracture risk.

Methods: Fifty-three girls aged 7 - 9 years were included in a curriculum-based exercise intervention program comprising 40 minutes of general physical activity per school day (200 minutes/week).

Bone mineral accrual and gain in skeletal width in pre-pubertal school children is independent of the mode of school transportation--one-year data from the prospective observational pediatric osteoporosis prevention (POP) study.

Background: Walking and cycling to school could be an important regular source of physical activity in growing children. The aim of this 12 months prospective observational study was thus to evaluate the effect of self-transportation to school on bone mineral accrual and gain in bone width in pre-pubertal children, both traits independently contributing to bone strength.

Methods: Ninety-seven girls and 133 boys aged 7-9 years were recruited as a part of the Malmö Pediatric Osteoporosis Prevention (POP) Study in order to evaluate the influence of self-selected school transportation for the accrual of bone mineral and bone width.