Comparative study of TNF-α and vitamin D reveals a significant role of TNF-α in NSCLC in an ethnically conserved vitamin D deficient population.

Growing evidence has implicated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as an important regulator of the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, various molecular epidemiological studies have proposed vitamin D deficiency to be a mediator of cancer progression. Here we comparatively analyzed the role of TNF-α and vitamin D in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in an ethnically conserved vitamin D deficient population.