Modern Approach to Testing the Biocompatibility of Osteochondral Scaffolds in Accordance with the 3Rs Principle─Preclinical , , and Studies Using the Biphasic Curdlan-Based Biomaterial.

The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive set of biological tests to assess the biomedical potential of novel osteochondral scaffolds with methods proposed to comply with the 3Rs principle, focusing here on a biphasic Curdlan-based osteochondral scaffold as a promising model biomaterial. experiments include the evaluation of cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity referring to ISO standards, the assessment of the viability and proliferation of human chondrocytes and osteoblasts, and the estimation of inflammation after direct contact of biomaterials with human macrophages. experiments include assessments of the response of the surrounding osteochondral tissue after incubation with the implanted biomaterial.

Recent Achievements in the Development of Biomaterials Improved with Platelet Concentrates for Soft and Hard Tissue Engineering Applications.

Platelet concentrates such as platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin or concentrated growth factors are cost-effective autologous preparations containing various growth factors, including platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor β, insulin-like growth factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor. For this reason, they are often used in regenerative medicine to treat wounds, nerve damage as well as cartilage and bone defects. Unfortunately, after administration, these preparations release growth factors very quickly, which lose their activity rapidly.

Neurophysiology of male sexual arousal-Behavioral perspective.

In the presented review, we analyzed the physiology of male sexual arousal and its relation to the motivational aspects of this behavior. We highlighted the distinction between these processes based on observable physiological and behavioral parameters. Thus, we proposed the experimentally applicable differentiation between sexual arousal (SA) and sexual motivation (SM).

Outcomes of Open Repair Treatment for Acute Versus Chronic Achilles Tendon Ruptures: Long-Term Retrospective Follow-Up of a Minimum 10 Years-A Pilot Study.

The aim of the present study was to compare repaired Achilles tendon (AT) remodelling, whether its function was restored and what effects the surgery had on our patients' gait cycle in a long-term follow-up study. The study population comprised 30 human subjects treated acutely and chronically for AT ruptures, using the same surgical technique in all cases. The study group was divided into two subgroups regarding the age of their AT injury, i.

Biomimetic biphasic curdlan-based scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering applications - Characterization and preliminary evaluation of mesenchymal stem cell response in vitro.

Osteochondral defects remain a huge problem in medicine today. Biomimetic bi- or multi-phasic scaffolds constitute a very promising alternative to osteochondral autografts and allografts. In this study, a new curdlan-based scaffold was designed for osteochondral tissue engineering applications.

Freeze-Dried Curdlan/Whey Protein Isolate-Based Biomaterial as Promising Scaffold for Matrix-Associated Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation-A Pilot In-Vitro Study.

The purpose of this pilot study was to establish whether a novel freeze-dried curdlan/whey protein isolate-based biomaterial may be taken into consideration as a potential scaffold for matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte transplantation. For this reason, this biomaterial was initially characterized by the visualization of its micro- and macrostructures as well as evaluation of its mechanical stability, and its ability to undergo enzymatic degradation in vitro. Subsequently, the cytocompatibility of the biomaterial towards human chondrocytes (isolated from an orthopaedic patient) was assessed.

Analysis of Difficulties and Complications Following Implantation of Modular Prostheses in Patients with Lower Limb Bone Tumours.

Background: The implantation of a modular prosthesis is the most popular method of reconstruction of bone defects in oncological patients. Along with clear-cut benefits associated with this procedure, there is also an increased risk of complications. Common complications include deep infections, aseptic loosening and mechanical implant damage.

Bilateral double-layered patella in a patient with advanced knee osteoarthritis.

Double layered patella (DLP) is a rare anomaly of the patella that may go undiagnosed, especially in patients with progressive knee dysfunction and early degenerative changes. Clinical symptoms such as motion-dependent pain and anterior knee pain most typically occur in adolescents or young adults; however, gradually increasing pain and early generalised degenerative changes have also been seen in patients over 40 years old. Diagnosis of DLP could be difficult, especially in cases with coexisting arthrosis.

Serum concentration of interleukin 6 is related to inflammation and dyslipidemia in patients with psoriasis.

Introduction: Patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have metabolic disturbances, which may be due to chronic inflammation.

Aim: Because interleukin-6 (IL-6) regulates both metabolic and inflammatory processes, we evaluated IL-6 as a potential marker of inflammation and metabolic disturbances in psoriasis.

Material And Methods: This study involved 93 patients with psoriasis, including 31 patients with concurrent PsA.

Assessment of Physical Performance and Early Treatment Outcomes after Implantation of Modular Prostheses of Femoral and Tibial Shaft.

Background: Tumours of bone diaphyses often require resection followed by bone reconstruction. The use of modular pro-sthe-ses permits early limb loading and rapid improvement in physical performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the func-tioning of patients and early treatment outcomes after the implantation of modular prostheses.

Stress radiography in the diagnosis and assessment of the outcomes of surgical treatment of chronic anterolateral ankle instability.

Background: In about 20-40% of patients, damage to the soft tissues surrounding the ankle leads to recurrent and chronic pain with signs of instability of the talus in the tibiofibular fork.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of stress X-ray images in the diagnosis of long-term outcomes of conservative versus surgical treatment of anterolateral ankle instability.

Material And Methods: Thirty patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) were recruited for the study.

The effect of activated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on tricalcium hydroxyapatite phosphate healing in experimental, partial defects of long bone shafts in animal models.

The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of autologous activated platelet-rich plasma on healing of a bone substitute - tricalcium phosphate hydroxyapatite in experimental long bone defects using an animal model. The experiment involved an animal model of femoral defect. 24 Termond white rabbits were used in the study.

Autologous activated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in bone tissue healing - does it work? Assessment of PRP effect on bone defect healing in animal models.

Introduction: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparations can be used in bone tissue healing but there are numerous doubts among clinical orthopedists about effectiveness of this method.

Materials And Methods: The studies were carried out in 12 rabbits of white termond breed. In operating room we operationally generated cylindrical, unicortical defects of the diameter of 4 mm in the middle of the shafts of both femurs.

The systematic influence of solvent on the conformational features of furanosides.

The endo- and exo-anomeric effects are the two most recognizable stereoelectronic effects exhibited by carbohydrates. Their presence relies on the interactions between ring substituent(s) and ring oxygen atoms. Here, we report the finding of a new effect that partially controls the conformational properties of furanose rings and can be ascribed to the influence of the solvent on the electronic structure of a molecule.

Tautomeric and epimeric equilibria of aldo- and ketohexoses studied by the MD simulations and QM calculations.

The article is devoted to the problem of molecular modeling of tautomeric and epimeric equilibria in aqueous solutions of unfunctionalized d-aldo- and d-ketohexoses. We have applied the computational protocol proposed in our previous article [Gaweda, Plazinski, Phys. Chem.

A GROMOS Force Field for Furanose-Based Carbohydrates.

The article describes a GROMOS force field parameter set for molecular dynamics simulations of furanose carbohydrates. The proposed united-atom force field is designed and validated with respect to the conformational properties of furanose mono-, di-, oligo-, and polymers in aqueous solvent. The set accounts for the possibility of arbitrary glycosidic linkage connectivity between units, O-alkylation, as well as of different anomery.

Extension of the GROMOS 56a6 Force Field for Charged, Protonated, and Esterified Uronates.

An extension of the GROMOS 56a6 force field for hexopyranose-based carbohydrates is presented. The additional parameters describe the conformational properties of uronate residues. The three distinct chemical states of the carboxyl group are considered: deprotonated (negatively charged), protonated (neutral), and esterified (neutral).

Pyranose ring conformations in mono- and oligosaccharides: a combined MD and DFT approach.

Among the descriptors of the molecular structure of carbohydrates, the conformation of the pyranose ring is usually the most problematic one to tackle. We present the results of a systematic study oriented at determining the ring-inversion properties of all d-hexopyranoses in the form of monosaccharides, O-methylated monosaccharides and homotrisaccharides. Contrary to the existing studies, based either on molecular mechanics force fields or on conformational search within ab initio potentials, we combine the structural information from molecular dynamics simulations performed within the GROMOS 56a6 force field and use it in a subsequent geometry optimization procedure, performed at the DFT level of theory.

Mosaicplasty for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans following Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a case report and literature review.

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease leads to hip joint deformity. Osteochondritis dissecans following Perthes disease (OCDP) is a less common entity. Treatment options of OCDP are limited.

The use of osteochondral allograft with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells and hinge joint distraction in the treatment of post-collapse stage of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is an entity which occurs mainly in young and active patients aged between 20 and 50. The success of hip joint preserving treatments ranges from 15% to 50% depending on the stage and amount of osteonecrotic lesion. Total hip replacement is indicated in late post-collapse hips but it has unsatisfactory survival because of the wear and osteolysis in young and active patients.

Fixation of femoral head fractures with autologous osteochondral transfer (mosaicplasty).

Posterior fracture dislocation of the femoral head is a rare entity usually requiring open reduction and internal fixation. Results of different fixation methods have been reported, including countersinking screws, headless screws, and bioabsorbable implants. Osteochondral autologous transfer (mosaicplasty) is an established method of treatment of full thickness cartilage defects of the knee, ankle, and elbow.

A seven- to 14-year follow-up study of bipolar hip arthroplasty in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Introduction: Bipolar hip arthroplasty (BHA) in the treatment of Ficat stage III osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) has theoretical advantages over total hip replacement (THR) in that it preserves the natural acetabulum and uses an implant that allows better stability and larger range of movement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of BHA with uncemented ingrowth stems in the treatment of ONFH.

Material And Methods: Thirty-nine hips in 34 patients (two women and 32 men) with a mean age at the time of surgery of 45.