A comparison of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia to standard of care in an outpatient substance use disorder clinic embedded within a therapeutic community: a RE-AIM framework evaluation.

Background: Rates of substance use disorders (SUDs) continue to rise in the USA with parallel rises in admissions to outpatient SUD treatment programs. Insomnia symptoms reduce treatment adherence, trigger relapse, and generally undermine SUD recovery efforts. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the first-line treatment recommended for chronic insomnia.

Effects of Early Life Trauma on Risks for Adult Opioid Use Disorder Are Mediated by Stress and Occur Independent of Depression and Anxiety.

Objectives: Adverse childhood experiences, or early life trauma (ELT), may be a potential risk factor for opioid use disorders (OUDs) that could be further influenced by depression, anxiety, and stress. The prevalence and strength of these associations are largely unknown.

Methods: This study examined the association between current OUD severity and lifetime history of ELT, and the degree to which current depression, anxiety, and stress influenced this association, in persons (n = 310) with at least 1 lifetime exposure to opioids using an online survey.

Treatment Disruption and Childcare Responsibility as Risk Factors for Drug and Alcohol Use in Persons in Treatment for Substance Use Disorders During the COVID-19 Crisis.

Objectives: The novel 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis has caused considerable upheaval in the U.S. healthcare system.

Method for Successfully Inducting Individuals Who Use Illicit Fentanyl Onto Buprenorphine/Naloxone.

Background And Objectives: Individuals exposed to fentanyl are at risk of precipitated withdrawal using typical buprenorphine/naloxone induction procedures.

Methods: This case series describes buprenorphine/naloxone inductions of four individuals who tested positive for fentanyl.

Results: Buprenorphine-precipitated withdrawal was observed in two individuals who completed a conventional buprenorphine/naloxone induction strategy.

Far-red light allophycocyanin subunits play a role in chlorophyll d accumulation in far-red light.

Some terrestrial cyanobacteria acclimate to and utilize far-red light (FRL; λ = 700-800 nm) for oxygenic photosynthesis, a process known as far-red light photoacclimation (FaRLiP). A conserved, 20-gene FaRLiP cluster encodes core subunits of Photosystem I (PSI) and Photosystem II (PSII), five phycobiliprotein subunits of FRL-bicylindrical cores, and enzymes for synthesis of chlorophyll (Chl) f and possibly Chl d. Deletion mutants for each of the five apc genes of the FaRLiP cluster were constructed in Synechococcus sp.

Potentiating toxicological interaction of single-walled carbon nanotubes with dissolved metals.

The present study explored the ecotoxicology of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and their likely interaction with dissolved metals, with a focus on the effect of in vivo exposure in marine mussels. Any nano-scale effects were negated by the tendency of uncoated SWCNTs to agglomerate in water, particularly with high ionic strength as is the case in estuarine and full-strength seawater. However, SWCNTs, in combination with natural organic matter, remained suspended in seawater for long enough to become available to filter-feeding mussels, leading to their concentration on and increased contact with gill epithelia during exposure.