Novel Multiplex and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for Rapid Species and Mating-Type Identification of and (Causal Agents of Cereal Eyespot), and Application for Detection of Ascospore Dispersal and In Planta Use.

Eyespot, caused by the related fungal pathogens and , is an important cereal stem-base disease in temperate parts of the world. Both species are dispersed mainly by splash-dispersed conidia but are also known to undergo sexual reproduction, yielding apothecia containing ascospores. Field diagnosis of eyespot can be challenging, with other pathogens causing similar symptoms, which complicates eyespot management strategies.

Risk factors for invasive fungal disease in critically ill adult patients: a systematic review.

Introduction: Over 5,000 cases of invasive Candida species infections occur in the United Kingdom each year, and around 40% of these cases occur in critical care units. Invasive fungal disease (IFD) in critically ill patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality at a cost to both the individual and the National Health Service. In this paper, we report the results of a systematic review performed to identify and summarise the important risk factors derived from published multivariable analyses, risk prediction models and clinical decision rules for IFD in critically ill adult patients to inform the primary data collection for the Fungal Infection Risk Evaluation Study.