Demographic quantification of carbon and nitrogen dynamics associated with root turnover in white clover.

As well as capturing resources, roots lose resources during their lives. We quantified carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) losses associated with root turnover in white clover (Trifolium repens L.).

Lateral resolution enhancement of vertical scanning interferometry by sub-pixel sampling.

We apply common image enhancement principles and sub-pixel sample positioning to achieve a significant enhancement in the spatial resolution of a vertical scanning interferometer. We illustrate the potential of this new method using a standard atomic force microscope calibration grid and other materials having motifs of known lateral and vertical dimensions. This approach combines the high vertical resolution of vertical scanning interferometry and its native advantages (large field of view, rapid and nondestructive data acquisition) with important increases in lateral resolution.

Kondo resonances in molecular devices.

Molecular electronic devices currently serve as a platform for studying a variety of physical phenomena only accessible at the nanometer scale. One such phenomenon is the highly correlated electronic state responsible for the Kondo effect, manifested here as a "Kondo resonance" in the conductance. Because the Kondo effect results from strong electron-electron interactions, it is not captured by the usual quantum chemistry approaches traditionally applied to understand chemical electron transfer.

Anomalous transport and possible phase transition in palladium nanojunctions.

Many phenomena in condensed matter are thought to result from competition between different ordered phases. Palladium is a paramagnetic metal close to both ferromagnetism and superconductivity and is, therefore, a potentially interesting material to consider. Nanoscale structuring of matter can modify relevant physical energy scales, leading to effects such as locally modified magnetic interactions.