Publications by authors named "Gavin Brown"

Objective: To determine the relationship between transient neonatal hypoglycemia in at-risk infants and neurocognitive function at 6-7 years of corrected age.

Study Design: The pre-hPOD Study involved children born with at least 1 risk factor for neonatal hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia was defined as ≥1 consecutive blood glucose concentrations <47 mg/dl (2.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Imaging reporter genes are indispensable for visualising biological processes in living subjects, particularly in cancer research where they have been used to observe tumour development, cancer cell dissemination, and treatment response. Engineering reporter genes into the germline frequently involves single imaging modality reporters operating over limited spatial scales. To address these limitations, we developed an inducible triple-reporter mouse model (Rosa26) that integrates reporters for complementary imaging modalities, flfluorescence, bioluminescence and positron emission tomography (PET), along with inducible Cre-lox functionality for precise spatiotemporal control of reporter expression.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Nurses' household preparedness is critical if they are to avoid role conflict and report for duty during an emergency. To date, the alignment between nurses' perceived and actual household preparedness remains under examined. Investigating one of these variables in isolation fails to consider that perceived and actual household preparedness must be high and aligned.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: The current approach for molecular subtyping of colon cancer relies on gene expression profiling, which is invasive and has limited ability to reveal dynamics and spatial heterogeneity. Molecular imaging techniques, such as PET, present a noninvasive alternative for visualizing biological information from tumors. However, the factors influencing PET imaging phenotype, the suitable PET radiotracers for differentiating tumor subtypes, and the relationship between PET phenotypes and tumor genotype or gene expression-based subtyping remain unknown.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To investigate the effect of different doses of prophylactic dextrose gel on neurocognitive function and health at 6-7 years.

Design: Early school-age follow-up of the pre-hPOD (hypoglycaemia Prevention with Oral Dextrose) study.

Setting: Schools and communities.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In universities that require students to reside in dormitories, there are two types of social networks-study/classroom-based and social/dorm room-based. The academic streaming system may disrupt study/classroom connections, but its impact on students' social networks is unknown. Using self-reported surveys, this study examines ego network measures of network sizes, turnover, multiplexity, and diversity among 382 students (44% female, 56% male).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In this work, we present a novel trajectory comparison algorithm to identify abnormal vital sign trends, with the aim of improving recognition of deteriorating health.There is growing interest in continuous wearable vital sign sensors for monitoring patients remotely at home. These monitors are usually coupled to an alerting system, which is triggered when vital sign measurements fall outside a predefined normal range.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Routinely assessed outcomes in paediatric health studies may not reflect families' priorities. Increasing our understanding of childhood experiences of research participation may contribute to improving the quality of consent and better align study aims with the concerns of relevant communities.

Objective: To explore young adults' views on their participation in medical research during their childhood, specifically around the acceptability of consent and their priorities regarding health, development and well-being as potential trial outcomes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Executive function plays an important role in promoting learning and social-emotional development in children. Neonatal hypoglycemia associates with executive function difficulties at 4.5 years, but little is known about the development of executive function over time in children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Tissue environment is critical in determining tumour metabolic vulnerability. However, in vivo drug testing is slow and waiting for tumour growth delay may not be the most appropriate endpoint for metabolic treatments. An in vivo method for measuring energy stress would rapidly determine tumour targeting in a physiologically relevant environment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Domestic abuse victim risk assessment is crucial for providing victims with the correct level of support. However, it has been shown that the approach currently taken by most UK police forces, the Domestic Abuse, Stalking, and Honour Based Violence (DASH) risk assessment, is not identifying the most vulnerable victims. Instead, we tested several machine learning algorithms and propose a predictive model, using logistic regression with elastic net as the best performing, that incorporates information readily available in police databases, and census-area-level statistics.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Understanding body malodour in a measurable manner is essential for developing personal care products. Body malodour is the result of bodily secretion of a highly complex mixture of volatile organic compounds. Current body malodour measurement methods are manual, time consuming and costly, requiring an expert panel of assessors to assign a malodour score to each human test subject.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aim: To examine the relationship between neonatal hypoglycaemia and specific areas of executive function and behaviour in mid-childhood.

Method: Participants in a prospective cohort study of infants born late preterm or at term at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia were assessed at 9 to 10 years. We assessed executive function using performance-based (Cambridge Neuropsychological Tests Automated Battery) and questionnaire-based (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function) measures and behaviour problems with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Empathy has been widely theorized as an important ability in professions such as policing, in which to perform well individuals require multiple and interacting abilities, not least when resolving conflict situations. Even so, there are few studies investigating how subconstructs of empathy relate to other constructs such as general cognitive ability. The purpose of this paper is to establish, after evaluating psychometric properties, relationships among measures of empathy and cognitive ability in a sample of Swedish police students ( = 157).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: (S)-4-(3-[F]Fluoropropyl)-L-glutamic acid ([F]FSPG) is an L-glutamate derivative used as a PET biomarker to assess intracellular redox status in vivo through targeting of the cystine/glutamate antiporter protein, x transporter. In this report, we describe a radiosynthesis of [F]FSPG for use in PET studies that address specific challenges in relation to the radiotracer purity, molar activity, and quality control testing methods.

Procedures: The radiosynthesis of [F]FSPG was performed using a customised RNPlus Research automated radiosynthesis system (Synthra GmbH, Hamburg, Germany).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Sodium iodide symporter (NIS) imaging by positron emission tomography (PET) is gaining traction in nuclear medicine, with an increasing number of human studies being published using fluorine-18 radiolabelled tetrafluoroborate ([F]TFB). Clinical success of any radiotracer relies heavily on its accessibility, which in turn depends on the availability of robust radiolabelling procedures providing a radiotracer in large quantities and of high radiopharmaceutical quality.

Results: Here we publish an improved radiolabelling method and quality control procedures for high molar activity [F]TFB.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Several attempts have been made to examine students' academic emotions (AEs) in Western contexts, but less is known about how students' self-reported emotions vary over time.

Aims: The study aimed to understand Chinese students' emotional responses to academic events and the impact of high-stakes testing on their AEs in the first year with a repeated-measures survey after the Semester 1 and Semester 2 mid-term examinations.

Samples: 351 first-year university students completed both surveys in an elite Chinese university, where the top 10% of first-year students were assigned to an honours programme.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Routinely collected data can be linked to research data to create a rich dataset and inform practice. However, consent is normally required to link identifiable data. Reported rates of consent to data linkage for children ranged from 21% to 96%, but no studies have investigated different approaches to seeking consent for data linkage for school-age children.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Long-term follow-up is necessary to understand the impact of perinatal interventions. Exploring parents' motives and experiences in consenting to their children taking part in longitudinal studies and understanding what outcomes are important to families may enhance participation and mitigate the loss to follow-up. As existing evidence is largely based on investigators' perspectives using Western samples, the present pilot study explored parents' perspectives in a multicultural New Zealand context.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Neonatal hypoglycemia, which occurs when a newborn's blood sugar drops too low, may lead to concerns about Executive and visual-motor skills later in life, specifically regarding educational outcomes.
  • A study involving 614 infants at risk of hypoglycemia showed that those who experienced hypoglycemic episodes were evaluated at 9-10 years old to determine their academic performance.
  • Results indicated that there was no significant difference in educational achievement between children who experienced neonatal hypoglycemia and those who did not, suggesting that the impact of early hypoglycemia on later learning might not be as pronounced as previously thought.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aim: To determine whether a multi-domain school readiness screening, the Before School Check (B4SC), identifies children at risk of low educational achievement and to compare the educational outcomes between those referred for intervention and those with B4SC concerns who were not referred.

Methods: In this longitudinal cohort study of children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia (N 331), the B4SC was performed at 4.5 years of age and a standardised curriculum-based measure of educational achievement was completed at 9-10 years of age.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Chromium(iii) complexes of chelating diphosphines, with PNP or PCNCP backbones, are excellent catalysts for ethylene tetra- and/or trimerisations. A missing link within this ligand series are unsymmetric chelating diphosphines based on a PCNP scaffold. New bidentate PCNP ligands of the type PhPCHN(R)PPh (R = 1-naphthyl or 5-quinoline groups, 2a-d) have been synthesised and shown to be extremely effective ligands for ethylene tri-/tetramerisations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aim: To examine the contributions of specific neurocognitive skills to behaviour problems in children born very preterm.

Methods: We assessed children born <30 weeks' gestation or <1500 g at age 7 years using subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fourth Edition, performance and questionnaire-based measures of executive function, and Child Behavior Checklist and Teacher Rating Form. We evaluated the contributions of IQ and executive function to behaviour problems and the moderating effect of sex using multiple regression.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * The study highlights that mutant KRAS increases glutamine consumption in cancer cells, which is crucial for their growth and proliferation, and identifies SLC7A5 as a key player in maintaining amino acid levels needed for this process.
  • * Targeting protein synthesis pathways, particularly by inhibiting mTORC1 and deleting SLC7A5, shows promise in slowing down the growth of Kras-mutant tumors, suggesting SLC7A5 could be a valuable therapeutic target for difficult-to-treat CRC cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Children born very preterm are at a higher risk for poor academic outcomes, particularly in reading, writing, and math, with many scored below expectations by teachers.
  • This study assessed 76 children aged 7 who were born very preterm and found that low IQ and low executive function are significantly linked to these lower academic achievements.
  • The research suggests that while both factors affect school performance, IQ may also impact academic success indirectly through executive function skills like attentional control and cognitive flexibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF