Atopy parameters in asthmatic children increase with accumulation of null-alleles of glutathione-S-transferase M1.

Atopy parameters (total IgE, skin prick test, and peripheral blood eosinophil count) in children with atopic bronchial asthma depend on the number of glutathione-S-transferase M1 mutant alleles in the genotype and on family history of asthma.

Relationship between glutathione S-transferase P1 polymorphism and bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis.

We determined the prevalence of GSTP1-Ile105 and GSTP1-Val105 alleles in patients with bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis and healthy children of 2 groups (randomized and nonatopic control). The GSTP1-Ile105/Val105 genotype determines the resistance to atopic dermatitis (odds ratio=0.51; 95% confidence interval: 0.

[Polymorphic genes of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes associated with bronchial asthma in genetically predisposed children].

The frequencies of the CYP1A1 valine allele, homozygous deletions of GSTM1 and GSTT1, and two point mutations of the NAT2 gene, (C481-->T) and S2 (G590-->A), were compared in healthy children and children having bronchial asthma. The S1 mutation was associated with resistance, and all of the other traits, with predisposition to the disease. In families of patients with diseased progenitors and in those with healthy progenitors, the estimates of the asthma risk were similar.

[Role of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes in susceptibility to bronchial asthma and in formation of its clinical phenotypic features].

The paper shows the impact of some mutations of CYP1A, GSTM1, GSTT1, and NAT2 genes and different combinations of alleles of these genes on susceptibility to bronchial asthma and its clinical features. Passive smoking modulates these relationships.

[Genetic polymorphism in glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 in children with bronchial asthma].

Asthmatic (n = 100) and health (n = 104) children were compared for rates of homozygous deletions of the glutathione S-transferase class mu and theta genes (null genotypes, GSTM1"-" and GSTT1"-", respectively). The frequency of GSTM1"-" and GSTT1"-" genotypes in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) (52 [symbol: see text] 26%) were increased compared to healthy children (42 and 11%) (odds ratio (OR) for GSTM1"-" = 1.48; CI: 0.

Allele NAT2*5 determines resistance to bronchial asthma in children.

NAT2*5 allele was found in 54.8% healthy children and 35.9% children with bronchial asthma, i.

[The iron overload syndrome in patients with severe bacterial inflammatory diseases and convalescents].

In convalescents after and in patients with sepsis, purulent meningoencephalitis, severe pneumonia the study of iron metabolism provided biochemical criteria of iron excess: low serum transferrin against high transferrin iron, elevated ferritin. The risk of hyperferremia rises considerably after blood or erythrocyte transfusions. The liver got affected in the presence of infectious toxicosis.

[New approaches to evaluation of the inflammatory process in the bronchi of children with bronchopulmonary diseases].

Examination of patients, that included investigation of the clinical, endoscopic and laboratory parameters over time formed the basis for estimating bronchial inflammation. As many as 164 children with recurrent and chronic bronchopulmonary diseases were examined. The authors provide the informative signs allowing one to judge the activity of bronchial inflammation with a high accuracy (up to 90-95%).

[Experimental model for the study of allergic sensitization to vitamins in the mother-baby system].

Vitamins are mostly used in pregnancy time. In this time the vitamin allergy of 2.1% expectant mothers was noted.

[Effect of active and passive smoking on the course of pregnancy in women and on the establishment of the erythrocytic system in their children].

As a result of a clinicohematological examination of the tobacco-smokers' families, it has been revealed that passive and active tobacco-smoking exert an extremely unfavorable effect on the course and outcome of pregnancy as well as on lactation in women. The children coming from the tobacco-smokers' families manifested disorders of iron metabolism, processes of hemoglobin formation, red blood cell metabolism, leading to the development in them of anemia during the first year of life. The slow rate of the replacement of fetal hemoglobin by hemoglobin A, carboxyhemoglobinemia, strenuous metabolism of SH-groups, 2,3-DPG in red blood cells are pathognomic for erythron impairment in children exposed to tobacco smoke.

[Drug allergy to antibiotics in newborn and nursing infants].

A total of 3890 medical histories of women in childbirth in one of the maternity hospitals of Novosibirsk in 1984 were analyzed for comparison of the relative frequency of drug therapy and allergy to the drugs used during pregnancy and after delivery. The risk of drug allergy in the women treated with drugs during pregnancy increased 3 times and amounted to 3.5 per cent against that in the pregnant women not treated with drugs.

[A spectrophotometric micromethod for the study of theophylline pharmacokinetics in children with bronchial asthma].

A spectrophotometric micromethod for determination of theophylline in the blood is proposed. Theophylline pharmacokinetics was studied by the method in 71 children with bronchial asthma. Doses and the number of administrations were selected individually for 45 patients under control of blood plasma theophylline concentration.

[Pathophysiological significance of the determination ofthe glucocorticoid concentration in bronchial secretions in children with bronchopulmonary diseases].

Simultaneous estimation of glucocorticoid content was carried out in bronchial secretion products and in blood plasma of 95 children with chronic bronchopulmonary pathology. 11-hydroxycorticosteroids were found in bronchial secretion product; its concentration depended on the type, phase of the disease and the character of bronchial mucose impairment. The highest content of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids was observed in purulent endo-bronchitis.

[Ultrastructure of duodenal endocrine cells in children].

All ultrastructural varieties of endocrine cells, described in literature for adult persons, were revealed in the epithelium of the duodenal crypts of children at the age of 6--14 years. The cells form rather distinct groups in accordance with the International Classification, that speaks in favour of adequate application of the methods for processing the material and allows to compare the data obtained with those in literature. Endocrine cells in children, however, demonstrate greater polymorphism as their secretory granules differ in density even within a single cell.

[Bicillin in a complex scheme for the active prophylaxis of exacerbations and the progression of chronic bronchopulmonary diseases in children].

A complex scheme of prophylaxis of exacerbation and progression of chronic bronchopulmonary diseases in children was developed. It included the use of bicillin, stimulating therapy, desensibilizing drugs, vitamins, proteolytic enzymes, physiotherapy, physical excercises, massage, sanation of the chronic infection foci and interferone administration during influenza. 466 patients were subjected to the active prophylaxis for a period of 1-3 years.