Defining standard and high dosages for β-lactam agents administered by intermittent, prolonged or continuous infusion: a PK/PD simulation study.

Background: The new definitions of antimicrobial susceptibility categories proposed by EUCAST in 2020 require the definition of standard and high dosages of antibiotic. For injectable β-lactams, standard and high dosages have been proposed for short-infusion regimens only.

Objectives: To evaluate dosages for β-lactams administered by prolonged infusion (PI) and continuous infusion (CI).

Safety of high loading doses of teicoplanin: POSY-TEICO, a prospective, multicentre, observational study.

Background: Teicoplanin is used for treating infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. The POSY-TEICO study assessed the safety of a high loading dose (HLD) of teicoplanin (12 mg/kg twice daily) in a real-world setting.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted across six countries in Europe and enrolled adults prescribed HLD of teicoplanin between 2016 and 2019.

Dual beta-lactam treatment: Pros and cons.

The battle against microscopic pathogens has always baffled the scientific community. Nowadays, multidrug-resistant microorganisms lead to high in-hospital mortality, increased hospital stays, and high health-related costs. Treating infections due to these high-resistance pathogens with a low number of antibiotic molecules creates the need for new strategies.

SPILF update on bacterial arthritis in adults and children.

In 2020 the French Society of Rhumatology (SFR) published an update of the 1990 recommendations for management of bacterial arthritis in adults. While we (French ID Society, SPILF) totally endorse this update, we wished to provide further information about specific antibiotic treatments. The present update focuses on antibiotics with good distribution in bone and joint.

Oral levofloxacin: population pharmacokinetics model and pharmacodynamics study in bone and joint infections.

Objectives: This study aimed at characterizing the pharmacokinetics (PK) of oral levofloxacin in adult patients in order to optimize dosing scheme and explore the PK/pharmacodynamics (PD) of levofloxacin in bone and joint infections (BJIs).

Methods: From November 2015 to December 2019, all patients hospitalized in Cochin Hospital, treated with levofloxacin and who had at least one dosage for therapeutic drug monitoring were included. PK was described using non-linear mixed-effect modelling.

Extended antibiotic prophylaxis after pancreatoduodenectomy reduces postoperative abdominal infection in high-risk patients: Results from a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Preoperative biliary stenting before pancreatoduodenectomy is associated with a greater risk of bacteribilia and thus could lead to more frequent and severe surgical site infections. We hypothesized that an extended antibiotic prophylaxis could reduce the risk of surgical site infections for these high-risk patients compared with standard antibiotic prophylaxis.

Methods: All consecutive patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2016 were included in a tricentric retrospective cohort and classified according to the risk of surgical site infections (high or low) and the type of antibiotic prophylaxis (standard or extended).

A prospective, observational study of fidaxomicin use for infection in France.

Objective: To describe the characteristics, management and outcomes of hospitalised patients with infection (CDI) treated with and without fidaxomicin.

Methods: This prospective, multicentre, observational study (DAFNE) enrolled hospitalised patients with CDI, including 294 patients treated with fidaxomicin (outcomes recorded over a 3-month period) and 150 patients treated with other CDI therapies during three 1-month periods. The primary endpoint was baseline and CDI characteristics of fidaxomicin-treated patients.

Home intravenous antibiotherapy and the proper use of elastomeric pumps: Systematic review of the literature and proposals for improved use.

Over several decades, the economic situation and consideration of patient quality of life have been responsible for increased outpatient treatment. It is in this context that outpatient antimicrobial treatment (OPAT) has rapidly developed. The availability of elastomeric infusion pumps has permitted prolonged or continuous antibiotic administration by dint of a mechanical device necessitating neither gravity nor a source of electricity.

Comparing Dynamics and Determinants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmissions Among Healthcare Workers of Adult and Pediatric Settings in Central Paris.

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) have paid a heavy toll during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Routes of transmission remain to be fully understood.

Methods: This prospective study compared a 1500-bed adult and 600-bed pediatric setting of a tertiary-care university hospital located in central Paris.

A meropenem pharmacokinetics model in patients with haematological malignancies.

Background: Optimal dosing of antibiotics is critical in immunocompromised patients suspected to have an infection. Data on pharmacokinetics (PK) of meropenem in patients with haematological malignancies are scarce.

Objectives: To optimize dosing regimens, we aimed to develop a PK population model for meropenem in this population.

Six-week antibiotic therapy after one-stage replacement arthroplasty for hip and knee periprosthetic joint infection.

Objectives: One-stage replacement arthroplasty for treatment of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) results in similar cure rate than two-stage (around 85-92%), but antibiotic therapy duration is not well established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a short six-week antibiotic course in periprosthetic joint infections after onstage exchange.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective, observational study conducted at Orthopaedic Department of Cochin Hospital, Paris, between 1st January 2010 and 31 December 2015.

Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Resistance to Fluoroquinolones of Urinary Enterobacteriaceae Isolated From Nursing Home Residents: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: This study investigated the impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program on fluoroquinolone (FLQ) resistance in urinary Enterobacteriaceae isolated from residents of 3 French nursing homes.

Design: A multicentric retrospective before-and-after study was conducted.

Setting And Participants: All the first urinary Enterobacteriaceae isolates obtained from nursing home residents were included.

Impact of the French Infectious Diseases Society's (SPILF) proposals for shorter antibiotic therapies.

Objective: To compare the practices of French infection specialists related to antibiotic therapy duration between 2016 and 2018.

Methods: We conducted two identical surveys (in 2016 and 2018) targeting hospital-based infection specialists (medical physicians, pharmacists) who gave at least weekly advice on antibiotic prescriptions. The questionnaire included 15 clinical vignettes.

Antibiotics and chronic kidney disease: Dose adjustment update for infectious disease clinical practice.

Antibiotic prescription in chronic kidney disease patients poses a twofold problem. The appropriate use of antibacterial agents is essential to ensure efficacy and to prevent the emergence of resistance, and dosages should be adapted to the renal function to prevent adverse effects. SiteGPR is a French website for health professionals to help with prescriptions to chronic kidney disease patients.

Epidemiology and Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prescribing in Severe Pneumonia After Lung Resection.

Background: Postoperative pneumonia (POP) is a severe complication of major lung resection. The objective of this study was to describe the current epidemiology and appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions in severe POP, 4 years after implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship program that was based on weekly multidisciplinary review of all antibiotic therapies.

Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database.

Antibioprophylaxis in surgery and interventional medicine (adult patients). Update 2017.

Infection is a risk for any intervention. In surgery, for example, pathogenic bacteria are found in more than 90% of operative wounds during closure. This exists whatever the surgical technique and whatever the environment (the laminar flow does not entirely eliminate this risk).

Assessing the benefit of the 72-hour antibiotic therapy reassessment documentation.

Objectives: To assess the documentation of the 72-hour antibiotic therapy reassessment in medical records.

Methods: One-day prevalence evaluation of curative antibiotic therapies≥72hours. The documentation of the reassessment was defined according to three criteria: (1) "clear" documentation (clinical or microbiological comment associated with a comment on the need to adjust the antibiotic therapy or on the lack of need); (2) "tacit" documentation (only based on a clinical or microbiological comment); (3) no documentation.