Correction: Probiotic and prebiotic supplementation ameliorates chronic restraint stress-induced male reproductive dysfunction.

Correction for 'Probiotic and prebiotic supplementation ameliorates chronic restraint stress-induced male reproductive dysfunction' by Mohd Akram , , 2023, , 8558-8574, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3FO03153E.

Probiotic and prebiotic supplementation ameliorates chronic restraint stress-induced male reproductive dysfunction.

Restraint stress (RS) can induce male reproductive deficits by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and causing oxidative stress. Previous studies have shown that probiotics can alleviate neurological and metabolic disorders induced by stress. However, the effects of probiotics on RS-induced reproductive deficits have not been fully elucidated.

Dietary intake of probiotic fermented milk benefits the gut and reproductive health in mice fed with an obesogenic diet.

Probiotics have been suggested as alternatives to pharmacological drugs in the treatment of a variety of medical problems, including obesity management, which is often linked to low sperm production. Also, probiotic fermented products are known to boost host immune response, immunosenescence, infection tolerance, and redox homeostasis, but their direct role in male fertility has been less investigated. This study assessed the effect of two probiotic strains, NCDC 400 and NCDC 610, and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) fermented milk supplementation.

Novel and known miRNAs in zebu (Tharparkar) and crossbred (Karan-Fries) cattle under heat stress.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded non-coding RNAs that act as the master regulator of animal growth and development. RNA-RNA interaction is an important mechanism of gene regulation during biotic and abiotic stress. Heat stress (HS) is one of the most important abiotic factors which affect the growth, milk yield and reproductive health of the dairy animals.

MSN, MWCNT and ZnO nanoparticle-induced CHO-K1 cell polarisation is linked to cytoskeleton ablation.

Background: The cellular response to nanoparticles (NPs) for the mechanical clue and biochemical changes are unexplored. Here, we provide the comprehensive analysis of the Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cell line to study cell behaviour following the exposure of mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN), multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs.

Results: Through the high-throughput proteomic study, we observed that the effect of NPs is alone not restricted to cell viability but also on cell polarisation.

Exploration of immunomodulatory and protective effect of Withania somnifera on trace metal oxide (zinc oxide nanoparticles) induced toxicity in Balb/c mice.

The current study was undertaken to investigate the immunomodulatory and protective effects of Withania somnifera (WS) extract and Withaferin A (WA) supplementation on zinc oxide nanoparticles mediated toxicity in Balb/c mice. The animals were exposed to ZnO NPs along with WS and WA for 28 days and various parameters like body weight, organ coefficient, cytotoxicity, nitric oxide (NO), total serum protein, phagocytosis, and the gene expression levels of TLR6 and ARG genes were determined. In vivo study showed that, dose-dependent reduction in phagocytosis, an increase in the levels of NO production along with up-regulation of TLR6, arginase gene was significant (P < 0.

Comparative evaluation of half-maximum inhibitory concentration and cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes using buffalo bull spermatozoa as a cell model.

There is a dearth of information regarding the safety of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with respect to their impact on human/animal health and the environment. This study aimed to determine the half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC) of Ag NPs and MWCNTs by employing different doses and time interval combinations in buffalo bull spermatozoa. Semen samples containing 100 million spermatozoa each were incubated with 1, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 µg/mL of Ag NPs and MWCNTs at 37°C for 30, 60 and 120 min.

Enhanced steroidogenic and altered antioxidant response by ZnO nanoparticles in mouse testis Leydig cells.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are important nanomaterials with myriad applications and in widespread use. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the direct effect of ZnO NPs on steroidogenesis by considering mouse testicular Leydig cells (TM3) as an in vitro model system. The uptake, intracellular behaviour, cytotoxicity and morphological changes induced by ZnO NPs (0-200 µg/ml) in a time-dependent manner in the TM3 were assessed.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticle is comparatively safer than zinc oxide nanoparticle which can cause profound steroidogenic effects on pregnant mice and male offspring exposed in utero.

The increasing use of nanomaterials has naturally caused heightened concerns about their potential risks to human and animal health. We investigated the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) on steroidogenesis in the corpus luteum (CL) of pregnant mice and testis of male offspring. Pregnant albino mice were exposed to ZnO NPs and MSN for 2 days on alternate days, gestation days 15-19.

Comparative in vivo toxicity assessment places multiwalled carbon nanotubes at a higher level than mesoporous silica nanoparticles.

In the present work, we took two nanomaterials (NMs), mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and compared their in vivo toxicity taking albino mice as a test animal model. Presently, conflicting data persist regarding behavior of these NMs with macromolecules like protein and lipid at the cellular level in cell lines as well as in animal models and this generated the interest to study them. The mice were treated orally with a single dose of 50 ppm MWCNTs and intraperitoneally with 10, 25, and 50 mg kg body weight (BW) of MSNs and 1.

Toxicity of titanium oxide nanoparticles causes functionality and DNA damage in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) sperm in vitro.

The present study has examined the effect of different concentrations (1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml) of titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) (<100 nm) on viability, membrane integrity, capacitation status and DNA integrity of buffalo spermatozoa. Characterization of NPs was done by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test and acridine orange test (AOT) were employed to detect DNA fragmentation in sperm treated with NPs.

Health hazards associated with nanomaterials.

Nanotechnology is a major scientific and economic growth area and presents a variety of hazards for human health and environment. It is widely believed that engineered nanomaterials will be increasingly used in biomedical applications (as therapeutics and as diagnostic tools). However, before these novel materials can be safely applied in a clinical setting, their toxicity needs to be carefully assessed.

Role of heat shock proteins in diseases and their therapeutic potential.

Heat shock proteins are ubiquitously expressed intracellular proteins and act as molecular chaperones in processes like protein folding and protein trafficking between different intracellular compartments. They are induced during stress conditions like oxidative stress, nutritional deficiencies and radiation. They are released into extracellular compartment during necrosis.

MsbA ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter of E. coli: structure and possible flippase mechanism.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters utilize the energy present in cellular ATP to drive the translocation of structurally diverse set of solutes across the membrane barriers of eubacteria, archaebacteria and eukaryotes. In bacteria, these transporters are considered to be important virulence factors because they play role in nutrient uptake and in the secretion of toxins. The advances in structural determination and functional analysis of bacterial transporters have greatly increased our understanding of the mechanism of transport of these ABC transporters.

Eukaryotic elongation factor-2 (eEF2): its regulation and peptide chain elongation.

Regulation at the level of translation in eukaryotes is feasible because of the longer lifetime of eukaryotic mRNAs in the cell. The elongation stage of mRNA translation requires a substantial amount of energy and also eukaryotic elongation factors (eEFs). The important component of eEFs, i.

Carbon nanotubes as a scaffold for spermatogonial cell maintenance.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are viewed as a class of nanomaterials with high potential for many biomedical applications due to their unique properties. One of the prospective bio-application of CNTs is in the area of tissue engineering as a scaffold for cell culture. Supporting the use of CNTs as scaffold in tissue engineering a few cell types have been successfully grown on it but no report for any germline cell.

A cost-utility analysis of amputation versus salvage for Gustilo type IIIB and IIIC open tibial fractures.

Background: Lower extremity trauma is common. Despite an abundance of literature on severe injuries that can be treated with salvage or amputation, the appropriate management of these injuries remains uncertain. In this situation, a cost-utility analysis is an important tool in providing an evidence-based practice approach to guide treatment decisions.