Tannic Acid Exhibits Adjuvant Activity by Enhancing Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity Against BSA as a Protein Antigen.

Background: Immunization or vaccination is the process of inducing artificial immunity against an antigen taking advantage of the mechanisms of immunological memory. Current vaccines include substances known as adjuvants, which tend to improve the immunogenicity of the antigen, reduce the antigen quantity employed, and boost the immune response in weak responders. Unfortunately, only a few vaccine adjuvants are approved for human use.

A least mean-square filter for the estimation of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation artifact based on the frequency of the compressions.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) artifacts caused by chest compressions and ventilations interfere with the rhythm diagnosis of automated external defibrillators (AED). CPR must be interrupted for a reliable diagnosis. However, pauses in chest compressions compromise the defibrillation success rate and reduce perfusion of vital organs.

Detection of ventricular fibrillation in the presence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation artefacts.

Providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to a patient in cardiac arrest introduces artefacts into the electrocardiogram (ECG), corrupting the diagnosis of the underlying heart rhythm. CPR must therefore be discontinued for reliable shock advice analysis by an automated external defibrillator (AED). Detection of ventricular fibrillation (VF) during CPR would enable CPR to continue during AED rhythm analysis, thereby increasing the likelihood of resuscitation success.