Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Concussion Among High School Students in the United States.

We examined the association between social determinants of health and the likelihood of sustaining a concussion among adolescents. Participants in this cross-sectional study were 7164 high school students who completed the 2021 Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (52.7% girls; mean age = 16.

Perspectives on the use of decellularized/devitalized and lyophilized human perinatal tissues for bone repair: Advantages and remaining challenges.

Human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been extensively used for several decades as a bioactive scaffold for regenerative medicine. In its cryopreserved form-one of the main storage formats-the presence of viable cells has often been questioned. Furthermore, there is little published evidence of the role of endogenous amniotic cells from cryopreserved hAM in tissue repair.

Mobilizing community engagement for crisis response: lessons learned from a COVID-19 mass vaccination clinic in Cobourg, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Communities have an important role to play in disaster and emergency planning and response. Yet community members are not typically engaged in official planning activities, including plans for mass immunization clinics during infectious disease emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This qualitative study explores one case of a community driven effort to implement a COVID-19 mass vaccination clinic in Cobourg, Ontario, Canada.

Prior Concussion History and Clinical Recovery Following Sport-Related Concussion in College Athletes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether a history of prior concussions, and especially multiple prior concussions, is associated with clinical recovery following a subsequent sport-related concussion among collegiate student athletes.

Design: A naturalistic observational cohort study.

Setting: Eleven National Collegiate Athletics Association Division III colleges.

Co-Occurring Mental and Physical Health Conditions Among Older Adults With and Without Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Control Study.

Objectives: Rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among older adults range from 0.4%-4.5%.

Social Determinants of Health and Perceived Cognitive Difficulties in High School Students in the United States.

Objective: The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducted the Adolescent Behavior and Experiences Survey (ABES) to examine disruption and adversity during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the association between social determinants of health (SDoH) and cognitive problems attributed to physical or mental health problems among high school students.

Method: The ABES was an online survey.

The prevalence and correlates of scores falling below ImPACT embedded validity indicators among adolescent student athletes.

Valid performance on preseason baseline neurocognitive testing is essential for accurate comparison between preseason and post-concussion test results. Immediate Post-Concussion and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) is commonly used to measure baseline neurocognitive function in athletes. We examined the prevalence of invalid performance on ImPACT baseline testing and identified correlates of invalid performance.

Neighborhood Disadvantage and Clinical Outcome Following Concussion in Adolescents.

Whether social determinants of health are associated with clinical outcome following concussion among adolescents is not well established. The present study examined whether neighborhood-level determinants are associated with clinical recovery time following concussion in adolescents. Participants included adolescent student athletes ( = 130; mean age = 16.

Race, ethnicity, and clinical outcome following sport-related concussion: a systematic review.

Introduction: This systematic review examined whether race or ethnicity are associated with clinical outcomes (e.g., time to return to school/sports, symptom duration, vestibular deficits, and neurocognitive functioning) following sport-related concussion among child, adolescent, or college-aged student athletes.

Realist review of community coalitions and outreach interventions to increase access to primary care for vulnerable populations: a realist review.

Background: There are meaningful gaps in equitable access to Primary Health Care (PHC), especially for vulnerable populations after widespread reforms in Western countries. The Innovative Models Promoting Access-to-Care Transformation (IMPACT) research program is a Canadian-Australian collaboration that aims to improve access to PHC for vulnerable populations. Relationships were developed with stakeholders in six regions across Canada and Australia where access-related needs could be identified.

Inhibitory control and alcohol use history predict changes in posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with significant disability and can become chronic. Predictors of PTSD symptom changes over time, especially in those with a PTSD diagnosis, remain incompletely characterized.

Method: In the present study, we examined 187 post-9/11 veterans ( = 32.

Development and Stability of a New Formulation of Pentobarbital Suppositories for Paediatric Procedural Sedation.

Pentobarbital is a drug of choice to limit motion in children during paediatric procedural sedations (PPSs). However, despite the rectal route being preferred for infants and children, no pentobarbital suppositories are marketed, and therefore they must be prepared by compounding pharmacies. In this study, two suppository formulations of 30, 40, 50, and 60 mg of pentobarbital sodium were developed using hard-fat Witepsol W25 either alone (formulation F1) or with oleic acid (formulation F2).

Prior Concussion History and Clinical Recovery After Sport-Related Concussion in High School Athletes.

Clinical recovery after sport-related concussion varies as a function of pre-injury and acute factors. Whether, or the extent to which, concussion history is associated with clinical outcome after sport-related concussion is uncertain, because research has produced mixed findings. The present study aimed to assess whether a history of previous concussions was associated with prolonged clinical recovery after a subsequent sport-related concussion.

Reporting Criteria for Clinical Trials on Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ): A Review and Recommendations.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a complication caused by anti-resorptive agents and anti-angiogenesis drugs. Since we wanted to write a protocol for a randomized clinical trial (RCT), we reviewed the literature for the essential information needed to estimate the size of the active patient population and measure the effects of therapeutics. At the same time, we designed a questionnaire intended for clinicians to collect detailed information about their practices.

Examining Whether Loss of Consciousness Is Associated With Worse Performance on the SCAT5 and Slower Clinical Recovery After Concussion in Professional Athletes.

Video surveillance has almost universally been employed by professional sports to identify signs of concussion during competition. This study examined associations between video-identified possible loss of consciousness (LOC), acute concussion evaluation findings, and recovery time in concussed professional rugby league players. Medical personnel and sideline video operators identified head impact events sustained during three seasons of National Rugby League (NRL) matches to determine the need for further medical evaluation.

Longitudinal post-shunt outcomes in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus with and without comorbid Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is highly comorbid with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and may diminish the benefits of shunting; however, findings in this area are mixed. We examined postoperative outcomes, with emphases on cognition and utilization of novel scoring procedures to enhance sensitivity.

Methods: Using participant data from an iNPH outcome study at Butler Hospital, a mixed effect model examined main and interaction effects of time since surgery (baseline, 3 months, 12 months, and 24-60 months) and AD comorbidity (20 iNPH and 11 iNPH+AD) on activities of daily living (ADLs) and iNPH symptoms.

Acute effects of concussion among adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Adolescents with ADHD have a greater lifetime history of concussion and experience concussion-like symptoms of a concussion, complicating concussion assessment and management. It is well established that individuals who experience greater acute symptoms following concussion are at risk for slower recovery and persistent symptoms. We examined whether youth with ADHD experience worse acute effects, within the first 72 h following concussion, compared to youth without ADHD.

Clinical Outcome Following Concussion Among College Athletes with a History of Prior Concussion: A Systematic Review.

Background: There is long-standing interest in, and concern about, whether collegiate athletes with a history of concussion will experience worse clinical outcomes, or prolonged recovery, should they sustain a subsequent concussion.

Objectives: This systematic review examined the association between prior concussion history and clinical outcomes following a subsequent sport-related concussion among college-age student athletes.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Questions about Residual Cell Viability in Cryopreserved Human Amniotic Membrane and Its Impact on Clinical Applications.

We questioned the relevance of evaluating residual cell viability in human amniotic membrane (hAM) after its cryopreservation since cell survival is controversial and its ability to act as a matrix (including the presence of growth factors and cytokines) appears to be most important for tissue regeneration purposes. We also discussed the usefulness of osteodifferentiating amniotic cells in whole hAM for bone repair applications. We have evidence that determining residual cell viability after cryopreservation and hAM osteodifferentiation is not justified.

Normative Reference Values for Crystallized-Fluid Discrepancy Scores for the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to translate NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) Crystallized-Fluid discrepancy scores into research and clinical practice with adults by providing normative data for discrepancy scores for both age-adjusted standard scores (SSs) and demographically adjusted T-scores.

Method: We included adult participants from the NIHTB-CB standardization sample who denied having neurodevelopmental, medical, psychiatric, or neurological conditions (n = 730; M = 47.4 years old, SD = 17.

Greater Acute Concussion Symptoms Are Associated With Longer Recovery Times in Adolescents.

We examined the association between the severity of acute concussion symptoms and time to return to school and to sports in adolescent student athletes. We hypothesized that there would be an association between the severity of acute symptoms experienced in the first 72 hours and functional recovery such that adolescents with the lowest burden of acute symptoms would have the fastest return to school and sports and those with the highest burden of symptoms would have the slowest return to school and sports. This injury surveillance cohort included 375 adolescent student athletes aged 14-19 years who sustained a sport-related concussion between 2014 and 2020.

Limitations of performance validity tests in dementia evaluations: The role of base rates.

Performance validity tests (PVTs) are frequently used to detect invalid performance on cognitive testing. The inclusion of PVTs in cognitive test batteries is commonplace irrespective of the condition of interest. However, base rates of invalid performance vary across clinical populations.