[Trauma and memory-A contribution to the current debate in law and psychotherapy].

The recall of memories of past events, experiences and emotions is a complex process. When experiencing traumatic events, as is the case with sexual violence, a host of additional complexities and difficulties arise. This becomes especially important in court cases which rely mostly or exclusively on the testimony of the victim, where the problem of the fallibility of memory takes center stage.

Balance Performance across the Lifespan Assessed by the Leonardo Mechanograph: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Reference values of sway parameters have not been published for the Leonardo mechanograph so far. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine normative values on postural control measured by the force plate Leonardo Mechanograph and to analyze the influence of age and sex on balance performance. A set of standardized standing positions with eyes opened (Romberg, semi-tandem, tandem, unipedal standing) was carried out.

Hypertrophy and Explosive-Reactive Functioning in Sedentary Men After 10 Weeks of Whole-Body Vibration.

Ebing, J, Gast, U, Hauptmann, C, Felsenberg, D, and Belavý, DL. Hypertrophy and explosive-reactive functioning in sedentary men after 10 weeks of whole-body vibration. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 27-36, 2018-The objective of this study was to determine the impact of vertical (Power-plate; POW) and side-alternating (Galileo; GAL) whole-body vibration exercise on muscle mass and lower-limb neuromuscular function.

Exercise and Transversus Abdominis Muscle Atrophy after 60-d Bed Rest.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate atrophy in the deep abdominal muscles, spinal extensors, and the effect of high-load resistive exercise with and without whole-body vibration after 60 d of strict bed rest.

Methods: Twenty-four subjects underwent 60 d of head-down tilt bed rest and performed either resistive vibration exercise (RVE), resistive exercise only (RE), or no exercise control (2nd Berlin BedRest Study). The thickness of the transversus abdominis, internal oblique, and erector spinae muscles and the area of the multifidus muscle were measured bilaterally via real-time ultrasound.

[Willingness of Psychotherapists in Private Practice to Treat Patients With Complex Post-Traumatic Stress and Dissociative Disorders].

Objective: Analyses of patient care with severe mental disorders.

Methods: Psychotherapists in private praxis were interviewed about their willingness to treat patients with a range of diagnoses in the context of post-traumatic disorders.

Results: Therapists were found more willing to treat "less severe" disorders, independent of years in practice, school of psychotherapy, a rural or urban practice setting.

Long-term course in female survivors of childhood abuse after psychodynamically oriented, trauma-specific inpatient treatment: a naturalistic two-year follow-up.

Objectives: This study examined the long-term course of 43 female survivors of childhood abuse after receiving inpatient treatment based on psychodynamic-orientated trauma therapy.

Methods: Data on symptom load was assessed at admission, discharge and two-year follow-up. Further information on post-discharge treatment and life events in the follow-up period was collected.

Muscle atrophy, pain, and damage in bed rest reduced by resistive (vibration) exercise.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a short-duration (5-6 min, 3 d·wk) resistive exercise program with (RVE) or without (RE) whole-body vibration in reducing muscle atrophy in the lower limb during prolonged inactivity when compared with that in an inactive control group.

Methods: As part of the second Berlin BedRest Study, 24 male subjects underwent 60 d of head-down tilt bed rest. Using magnetic resonance imaging, muscle volumes of the individual muscles of the lower limb were calculated before and at various intervals during and after bed rest.

Differences in trauma history and psychopathology between PTSD patients with and without co-occurring dissociative disorders.

Background: The interplay between different types of potentially traumatizing events, posttraumatic symptoms, and the pathogenesis of PTSD or major dissociative disorders (DD) has been extensively studied during the last decade. However, the phenomenology and nosological classification of posttraumatic disorders is currently under debate. The current study was conducted to investigate differences between PTSD patients with and without co-occurring major DD with regard to general psychopathology, trauma history, and trauma-specific symptoms.

In vivo measurements of the effect of whole body vibration on spinal loads.

Purpose: It is assumed that whole body vibration (WBV) improves muscle strength, bone density, blood flow and mobility and is therefore used in wide ranges such as to improve fitness and prevent osteoporosis and back pain. It is expected that WBV produces large forces on the spine, which poses a potential risk factor for the health of the spine. Therefore, the aim of the study was to measure the effect of various vibration frequencies, amplitudes, device types and body positions on the loads acting on a lumbar vertebral body replacement (VBR).

Cross-sectional assessment of neuromuscular function using mechanography in women and men aged 20-85 years.

Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the influence of age and sex on neuromuscular function of the lower limbs using mechanography. 704 adults aged 20-85 years from Germany participated in this study.

Methods: Ground reaction force and power were assessed with countermovement jumps and the chair rising test on a ground reactions force plate.

Progressive adaptation in physical activity and neuromuscular performance during 520d confinement.

To understand whether prolonged confinement results in reductions in physical activity and adaptation in the musculoskeletal system, six subjects were measured during 520 d isolation in the Mars500 study. We tested the hypothesis that physical activity reduces in prolonged confinement and that this would be associated with decrements of neuromuscular performance. Physical activity, as measured by average acceleration of the body's center of mass ("activity temperature") using the actibelt® device, decreased progressively over the course of isolation (p<0.

Bone density and neuromuscular function in older competitive athletes depend on running distance.

Unlabelled: Individuals who are involved in explosive sport types, such as 100-m sprints and long jump, have greater bone density, leg muscle size, jumping height and grip strength than individuals involved in long-distance running.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between different types of physical activity with bone, lean mass and neuromuscular performance in older individuals.

Methods: We examined short- (n = 50), middle- (n = 19) and long-distance (n = 109) athletes at the 15th European Masters Championships in Poznań, Poland.

Short-duration resistive exercise sustains neuromuscular function after bed rest.

Purpose: The study's purpose was to assess the effectiveness of a short-duration three-times-weekly high-load resistive exercise program on preventing deterioration in neuromuscular function after prolonged bed rest.

Methods: Twenty-four male subjects performed high-load resistive exercise (n = 8), high-load resistive exercise with whole-body vibration (n = 9), or no exercise (control, n = 9) during 60-d head-down tilt bed rest as part of the 2nd Berlin Bed Rest Study. Peak countermovement jump power and height, sit-to-stand performance, sprint time over 15 and 30 m, and leg press one-repetition maximum were measured before and after bed rest.

Changes in lower extremity muscle function after 56 days of bed rest.

Preservation of muscle function, known to decline in microgravity and simulation (bed rest), is important for successful spaceflight missions. Hence, there is great interest in developing interventions to prevent muscle-function loss. In this study, 20 males underwent 56 days of bed rest.

Axis-I comorbidity in female patients with dissociative identity disorder and dissociative identity disorder not otherwise specified.

The aim of this study was to investigate axis-I comorbidity in patients with dissociative identity disorder (DID) and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS). Using the Diagnostic Interview for Psychiatric Disorders, results from patients with DID (n = 44) and DDNOS (n = 22) were compared with those of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n = 13), other anxiety disorders (n = 14), depression (n = 17), and nonclinical controls (n = 30). No comorbid disorders were found in nonclinical controls.

Are major dissociative disorders characterized by a qualitatively different kind of dissociation?

A total of 66 patients with a major dissociative disorder, 54 patients with nondissociative disorders, and 30 nonclinical controls were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Dissociative Disorders-Revised, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation, and the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised. Dissociative patients reported significantly more dissociative and nondissociative symptoms than did nondissociative patients and nonclinical controls. When general psychopathology was controlled, the dissociation scores of dissociative patients were still significantly higher than those of both other groups, whereas the dissociation scores of nondissociative patients and nonclinical controls no longer differed.

Countermeasures against lumbar spine deconditioning in prolonged bed rest: resistive exercise with and without whole body vibration.

To evaluate the effect of short-duration, high-load resistive exercise, with and without whole body vibration on lumbar muscle size, intervertebral disk and spinal morphology changes, and low back pain (LBP) incidence during prolonged bed rest, 24 subjects underwent 60 days of head-down tilt bed rest and performed either resistive vibration exercise (n = 7), resistive exercise only (n = 8), or no exercise (n = 9; 2nd Berlin Bed-Rest Study). Discal and spinal shape was measured from sagittal plane magnetic resonance images. Cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of the multifidus, erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, and psoas were measured on para-axial magnetic resonance images.

Evidence for an additional effect of whole-body vibration above resistive exercise alone in preventing bone loss during prolonged bed rest.

Summary: The addition of whole-body vibration to high-load resistive exercise may provide a better stimulus for the reduction of bone loss during prolonged bed rest (spaceflight simulation) than high-load resistive exercise alone.

Introduction: Prior work suggests that the addition of whole-body vibration to high-load resistive exercise (RVE) may be more effective in preventing bone loss in spaceflight and its simulation (bed rest) than resistive exercise alone (RE), though this hypothesis has not been tested in humans.

Methods: Twenty-four male subjects as part of the 2nd Berlin Bed Rest Study performed RVE (n = 7), RE (n = 8) or no exercise (control, n = 9) during 60-day head-down tilt bed rest.

The 2nd Berlin BedRest Study: protocol and implementation.

Long-term bed-rest is used to simulate the effect of spaceflight on the human body and test different kinds of countermeasures. The 2nd Berlin BedRest Study (BBR2-2) tested the efficacy of whole-body vibration in addition to high-load resisitance exercise in preventing bone loss during bed-rest. Here we present the protocol of the study and discuss its implementation.

[The German version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ): preliminary psychometric properties].

Given the relevance of child maltreatment for the development and treatment of many mental disorders, the objective of our study was the psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). In a sample of psychiatric patients (N=1 524) the established factor structure (i.e.

Prevention of bone loss during 56 days of strict bed rest by side-alternating resistive vibration exercise.

Bed rest is a recognized model for muscle atrophy and bone loss in space flight and in clinical medicine. We hypothesized that whole body vibration in combination with resistive exercise (RVE) would be an effective countermeasure. Twenty healthy male volunteers underwent horizontal bed rest for 56 days and were randomly assigned either to a group that performed RVE 11 times per week or to a group that underwent bed rest only (Ctrl).

Resistive vibration exercise attenuates bone and muscle atrophy in 56 days of bed rest: biochemical markers of bone metabolism.

Unlabelled: During and after prolonged bed rest, changes in bone metabolic markers occur within 3 days. Resistive vibration exercise during bed rest impedes bone loss and restricts increases in bone resorption markers whilst increasing bone formation.

Introduction: To investigate the effectiveness of a resistive vibration exercise (RVE) countermeasure during prolonged bed rest using serum markers of bone metabolism and whole-body dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as endpoints.

[Treatment outcome of psychodynamic trauma therapy in an inpatient setting].

Objective: Chronic traumatization with the beginning in childhood may result in a number of additional problems not included in the diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The efficacy of a three-stage psychodynamically oriented inpatient treatment program (PITT) and the role of chronic childhood threat on treatment outcome was investigated.

Methods: A six-week treatment group of 84 inpatients were compared with 43 wait-list controls with "treatment as usual" (outpatient psychotherapy or psychiatric treatment in the meanwhile).

German register for glaucoma patients with dry eye. I. Basic outcome with respect to dry eye.

Background: The purpose of this register was to determine the links between glaucoma, age, concomitant disease, medication, and dry eye in a large group of glaucoma patients.

Methods: A total of 20,506 patients from 900 centers across Germany were included. The first 30 consecutive glaucoma patients at each center were recruited.