U.S. Healthcare Workers' Perspective of Outpatient Provision of Methadone: A Scoping Review.

Background: A recent National Institute on Drug Addiction Call to Action focused on expanding methadone treatment access for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). One research priority identified was optimal educational and support structures, including training to provide methadone across multiple healthcare settings (e.g.

Piloting an opioid callback program in community pharmacies.

Background: Although opioid prescribing has recently trended downward, opioid-related overdoses and deaths have drastically increased. Community pharmacists are accessible health care providers who are well positioned to disseminate information on opioid safety and to educate and counsel on medication use, managing adverse events, and proper medication disposal. Patient callbacks facilitate appropriate medication usage.

Stepped implementation-to-target: a study protocol of an adaptive trial to expand access to addiction medications.

Background: In response to the US opioid epidemic, significant national campaigns have been launched to expand access to `opioid use disorder (MOUD). While adoption has increased in general medical care settings, specialty addiction programs have lagged in both reach and adoption. Elevating the quality of implementation strategy, research requires more precise methods in tailoring strategies rather than a one-size-fits-all-approach, documenting participant engagement and fidelity to the delivery of the strategy, and conducting an economic analysis to inform decision making and policy.

Refining a Digital Therapeutic Platform for Home Care Agencies in Dementia Care to Elicit Stakeholder Feedback: Focus Group Study With Stakeholders.

Background: Persons living with dementia require increasing levels of care, and the care model has evolved. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services is transitioning long-term care services from institutional care to home- or community-based services, including reimbursement for nonclinical services. Although home care companies are positioned to handle this transition, they need innovative solutions to address the special challenges posed by caring for persons living with dementia.

Pilot testing a tool to determine the costs and time associated with community pharmacy-based administration of injectable naltrexone.

Background: Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), including injectable naltrexone (IN), are part of evidence-based OUD treatments. MOUD access often is limited, especially in rural communities. When authorized to administer non-vaccination injections, pharmacists can increase IN accessibility.

Community pharmacy-based injectable naltrexone service delivery models and best practices.

Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a major public health issue in the United States. Medications for OUD (MOUD), which combines the use of approved medications with counseling and behavioral therapies, represents an evidence-based approach to treat individuals living with an OUD. However, MOUD has not kept up with increased demand and new treatment approaches are needed.

High dose psilocybin is associated with positive subjective effects in healthy volunteers.

Aim: The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between escalating higher doses of psilocybin and the potential psilocybin occasioned positive subjective effects.

Methods: Healthy participants ( n=12) were given three escalating doses of oral psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg; 0.

Predischarge Injectable Versus Oral Naltrexone to Improve Postdischarge Treatment Engagement Among Hospitalized Veterans with Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Pilot Proof-of-Concept Study.

Background: Injectable naltrexone for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) has been efficacious in several studies. It has not been (i) compared head-to-head with oral naltrexone or (ii) examined in the hospital setting as an intervention that might facilitate treatment attendance after hospital discharge.

Methods: Fifty-four hospitalized veterans identified as having DSM-IV-TR alcohol dependence were randomized to receive (i) a 50 mg oral naltrexone plus a 30-day prescription or (ii) a 380 mg intramuscular naltrexone injection prior to discharge.

Pharmacokinetics of Escalating Doses of Oral Psilocybin in Healthy Adults.

Introduction: Psilocybin is a psychedelic tryptamine that has shown promise in recent clinical trials for the treatment of depression and substance use disorders. This open-label study of the pharmacokinetics of psilocybin was performed to describe the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of psilocybin in sequential, escalating oral doses of 0.3, 0.

Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness meditation and exercise for the prevention of acute respiratory infection: possible mechanisms of action.

Background. A randomized trial suggests that meditation and exercise may prevent acute respiratory infection (ARI). This paper explores potential mediating mechanisms.

Community-based treatment for opioid dependent offenders: a pilot study.

Background: Primary care opioid substitution treatment (OST) has not been compared to program-based OST for community-supervised offenders.

Objective: The purpose of this project was to compare primary care to specialist supervised OST for opioid dependent offenders in terms of substance use and HIV risk outcomes.

Methods: This project randomly assigned 15 jail diversion participants to either: (i) primary care buprenorphine OST, (ii) specialist facility buprenorphine OST, or (iii) specialist facility methadone OST.

Assistant District Attorney decision making when referring to drug treatment court.

Background: Contact with the criminal justice system represents a critical point for drug involved offenders to access treatment and prevention services. Treatment and service provision under community supervision are known to be more likely than incarceration to affect positive change in terms of reduced substance use, reduced HIV risk behaviors, and increments in community reintegration. The decision-making process by Assistant District Attorneys (ADAs), frequent primary gate-keepers of jail diversion programming, when referring to diversion programs (as opposed to traditional adjudication) is poorly understood.

Value associated with mindfulness meditation and moderate exercise intervention in acute respiratory infection: the MEPARI Study.

Background And Objectives: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is among the most common, debilitating and expensive human illnesses. The purpose of this study was to assess ARI-related costs and determine if mindfulness meditation or exercise can add value.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-four adults ≥50 years from Madison, WI for the 2009-10 cold/flu season were randomized to (i) wait-list control (ii) meditation or (iii) moderate intensity exercise.

Advantage of meditation over exercise in reducing cold and flu illness is related to improved function and quality of life.

Purpose: To examine whether apparent advantages following training in meditation over exercise can be attributed to specific symptoms, functional impairments, or quality-of-life indicators assessed by the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS-24).

Methods: Results from the randomized controlled trial "Meditation or Exercise for Preventing Acute Respiratory Illness" showed mean global severity and total days of illness were worse in control (358, 8·9) compared with exercise (248, 5·1) or meditation (144, 5·0). Global severity of illness was estimated using area under the curve from daily self-reported severity scores on the WURSS-24.

Meditation or exercise for preventing acute respiratory infection: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate potential preventive effects of meditation or exercise on incidence, duration, and severity of acute respiratory infection (ARI) illness.

Methods: Community-recruited adults aged 50 years and older were randomized to 1 of 3 study groups: 8-week training in mindfulness meditation, matched 8-week training in moderate-intensity sustained exercise, or observational control. The primary outcome was area-under-the-curve global illness severity during a single cold and influenza season, using the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS-24) to assess severity.

Rapid testing of clopidogrel resistance by genotyping of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 polymorphisms using denaturing on-chip capillary electrophoresis.

Antiplatelet therapy is a cornerstone of cardiovascular treatment in patients with coronary artery disease and after myocardial infarction. Clopidogrel has become a popular antiplatelet agent due to its fast action and low frequency of adverse effects. Kinetics of clopidogrel metabolism is driven by enzymatic activity of the Cytochrome P450 system.

A novel high-resolution chipCE assay for rapid detection of EGFR gene mutations and amplifications in lung cancer therapy by a combination of fragment analysis, denaturing CE and MLPA.

There is a growing interest in evaluating molecular markers as predictors of response to new generation of targeted cancer therapies. One of such areas is biological therapy targeting epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) in lung cancer. The testing of tumor tissue is focused on specific EGFR mutations and EGFR gene amplification, since tumors exhibiting positivity of either of the two marker types are highly sensitive towards the treatment.

Spinal nerve ligation does not alter the expression or function of GABA(B) receptors in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia of the rat.

Loss of GABA-mediated inhibition in the spinal cord is thought to mediate allodynia and spontaneous pain after nerve injury. Despite extensive investigation of GABA itself, relatively little is known about how nerve injury alters the receptors at which GABA acts. This study examined levels of GABA(B) receptor protein in the spinal cord dorsal horn, and in the L4 and L5 (lumbar designations) dorsal root ganglia one to 18 weeks after L5 spinal nerve ligation.

Catabolism of porphobilinogen by etiolated barley leaves.

When [2,4-(14)C]porphobilinogen (PBG) or [2 (aminomethyl),5-(14)C]PBG is administered to etiolated barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. Larker) leaves in darkness, label becomes incorporated into CO(2), organic and amino acids, sugars, lipids, and proteins during a 4-hour incubation.

Catabolism of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to CO(2) by Etiolated Barley Leaves.

The in vivo oxidation of the C(4) and C(5) of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to CO(2) has been studied in etiolated barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. Larker) leaves in darkness.

Catabolism of [1-C]levulinic Acid by etiolated and greening barley leaves.

Levulinic acid (LA), a competitive inhibitor of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.

Studies with 4,6-dioxoheptanoic Acid on etiolated and greening barley leaves.

4,6-Dioxoheptanoic acid (DA), an inhibitor of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dehydratase (EC 4.3.1.

The effects of levulinic Acid and 4,6-dioxoheptanoic Acid on the metabolism of etiolated and greening barley leaves.

Application of levulinic acid (LA), a competitive inhibitor of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) dehydratase, to greening plant tissues causes ALA to accumulate at the expense of chlorophyll. 4,6-Dioxoheptanoic acid (DA), which has been reported to be an effective inhibitor of this enzyme in animal systems, has a similar but more powerful effect on ALA and chlorophyll metabolism in greening leaves of Hordeum vulgare L. var.

Reversal of alpha,alpha'-Dipyridyl-induced Porphyrin Synthesis in Etiolated and Greening Red Kidney Bean Leaves.

The chemical induction of porphyrin synthesis has been investigated in etiolated and greening leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Red Kidney.

Protoheme extraction from plant tissue.

A method for reproducibly estimating the protoheme content of plant tissues has been developed. The tissue sample is homogenized in 80% acetone to remove pigments and lipids; protoheme is then extracted from the tissue residue with 2% HCl in acetone and quantitatively transferred into diethyl ether. After evaporation of the ether, the residue is dissolved in alkaline pyridine, and the protoheme concentration is estimated from a dithionite-reduced-minus-ferricyanide-oxidized spectrum.