Comprehensive analysis of total knee arthroplasty kinematics and functional recovery: Exploring full-body gait deviations in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Total Knee Arthroplasty has well-established success in relieving knee pain and improving function but patients do not reach functional levels of control groups after surgery and 20% of patients remain unsatisfied. To understand the different patient profiles and develop patient-specific approaches of care, functional phenotypes based on knee biomechanics during gait have been evaluated. To widen the understanding of patient's function, it seems crucial to consider the gait devieations at the whole body level.

Sensor-to-Bone Calibration with the Fusion of IMU and Bi-Plane X-rays.

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) need sensor-to-segment calibration to measure human kinematics. Multiple methods exist, but, when assessing populations with locomotor function pathologies, multiple limitations arise, including holding postures (limited by joint pain and stiffness), performing specific tasks (limited by lack of selectivity) or hypothesis on limb alignment (limited by bone deformity and joint stiffness). We propose a sensor-to-bone calibration based on bi-plane X-rays and a specifically designed fusion box to measure IMU orientation with respect to underlying bones.

Reliability of the Harris Hip limping sub-score in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.

Purpose: In patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, limping is a significant symptom, often assessed with the limping sub-score of the Harris Hip Score. However, the reliability of this sub-score has not been specifically investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of this sub-score.

Estimation of two wear factors for total hip arthroplasty: A simulation study based on musculoskeletal modelling.

Background: Primary causes of surgical revision after total hip arthroplasty are polyethylene wear and implant loosening. These factors are particularly related to joint friction and thus patients' physical activity. Assessing implant wear over time according to patients' morphology and physical activity level is key to improve follow-up and patients' quality of life.

The modern state of femoral, acetabular, and global offsets in total hip arthroplasty: a narrative review.

Offsets in the frontal plane are important for hip function. Research on total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery agrees that increasing femoral offset up to 5 mm could improve functional outcome measures. The literature indicates that global offset is a key parameter that physicians should restore within 5 mm during surgery and avoid decreasing.

Comparison between passive knee kinematics during surgery and active knee kinematics during walking: A preliminary study.

Recovery of function is among a patient's main expectations when undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, normal gait knee function is not always completely restored, which can affect patient satisfaction and quality of life. Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) allows surgeons to evaluate passive knee kinematics intra-operatively.

Definition and reliability of 3D acetabular and global offset measurements from bi-plane X-rays.

The importance of the global offset, the sum of femoral and acetabular offset, has been underlined in the literature as a key factor for the functional outcome of total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, the acetabular offset is not defined for bi-plane X-rays, a technology providing 3D measurements of the lower limb and commonly used for patients undergoing THA. The aim of this paper is to introduce a measurement method of the 3D acetabular offset with bi-plane X-rays.

Reliability of the pelvis and femur anatomical landmarks and geometry with the EOS system before and after total hip arthroplasty.

Bi-plane X-ray provides 3D measurements of the lower limb based on the identification of anatomical landmarks in sagittal and frontal X-rays. In clinical practice, such measurements involve multiple operators and sessions. This study aimed at evaluating the reliability of anatomical landmarks identification and geometric parameters of the pelvis and femur measured with bi-plane X-rays before and after total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Clinical and objective gait outcomes remained stable seven years after total knee arthroplasty: A prospective longitudinal study of 28 patients.

Background: There is a paucity of data on mid to long-term gait outcomes after total knee arthroplasty. The aims of this longitudinal study were: to assess the evolution of both clinical and gait outcomes before and up to seven years after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in a cohort of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: This study included 28 patients evaluated before and up to seven years after primary TKA with both gait analysis and patient reported outcomes; of these, 20 patients were evaluated one year after surgery as well.

Which functional tasks present the largest deficits for patients with total hip arthroplasty before and six months after surgery? A study of the timed up-and-go test phases.

Six to eight months after total hip arthroplasty, patients only attain 80% of the functional level of control groups. Understanding which functional tasks are most affected could help reduce this deficit by guiding rehabilitation towards them. The timed up-and-go test bundles multiple tasks together in one test and is a good indicator of a patient's overall level of function.

Can the fusion of motion capture and 3D medical imaging reduce the extrinsic variability due to marker misplacements?

In clinical gait analysis, measurement errors impede the reliability and repeatability of the measurements. This extrinsic variability can potentially mislead the clinical interpretation of the analysis and should thus be minimised. Skin marker misplacement has been identified as the largest source of extrinsic variability between measurements.

Influence of biomechanical models on joint kinematics and kinetics in baseball pitching.

In baseball pitching, biomechanical parameters have been linked to ball velocity and potential injury risk. However, although the features of a biomechanical model have a significant influence on the kinematics and kinetics of a motion, this influence have not been assessed for pitching. The aim of this study was to evaluate the choice of the trunk and shoulder features, by comparing two models using the same input.

Contribution of passive actions to the lower limb joint moments and powers during gait: A comparison of models.

The lower limb passive actions representing the actions of all the passive periarticular structures have been shown to have a significant contribution to the power generation and absorption during gait. However, the respective magnitude of its different components was not established, although models of ligament moment were implemented in some musculoskeletal models. These ligament moments have shown to have an influence on the musculo-tendon forces and contact forces but the models used were never specifically evaluated, that is, compared to the passive and net joint moments.

Kinematics of the Normal Knee during Dynamic Activities: A Synthesis of Data from Intracortical Pins and Biplane Imaging.

Few studies have provided in vivo tibiofemoral kinematics of the normal knee during dynamic weight-bearing activities. Indeed, gold standard measurement methods (i.e.

Validation of a multi-body optimization with knee kinematic models including ligament constraints.

Motion analysis aims at evaluating the joint kinematics but the relative movement between the bones and the skin markers, known as soft tissue artifact (STA), introduces large errors. Multi-body optimization (MBO) methods were proposed to compensate for the STA. However, the validation of the MBO methods using no or simple kinematic constraints (e.

Influence of joint models on lower-limb musculo-tendon forces and three-dimensional joint reaction forces during gait.

Several three-dimensional (3D) lower-limb musculo-skeletal models have been developed for gait analysis and different hip, knee and ankle joint models have been considered in the literature. Conversely to the influence of the musculo-tendon geometry, the influence of the joint models--i.e.