Changes in polyamines, auxins and peroxidase activity during in vitro rooting of Fraxinus angustifolia shoots: an auxin-independent rooting model.

Among shoots of Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl raised in vitro, 76% rooted after culture on root induction medium for 5 days in darkness followed by culture on root expression medium for 15 days in light. The addition of 20.7 microM indole-butyric acid (IBA) to the root induction medium did not significantly increase the rooting percentage (88%).

Are hyperhydric shoots of Prunus avium L. energy deficient?

The content of oxidized and reduced pyridine nucleotides and some enzymatic activities of the oxidative pentose phosphate and glycolytic pathways were compared in normal (NS, growing on agar) and hyperhydric (HS, growing on gelrite) shoots of Prunus avium L. after 4 weeks of in vitro culture. The chlorophyll fluorescence from leaves and the redox capacity of the plasma membrane (reduction of exogenously added ferricyanide) of both types of shoots were recorded.

Shemin pathway and peroxidase deficiency in a fully habituated and fully heterotrophic non-organogenic sugarbeet callus: an adaptative strategy or the consequence of modified hormonal balances and sensitivities in these cancerous cells? A review and reassessment.

There are many arguments for considering a specific fully habituated (auxin and cytokinin-independent) and fully heterotrophic non-organogenic (HNO) sugarbeet callus cell line as terminating a neoplastic progression, and thus to be made of cancerous cells. The similarities with animal tumour and cancer cells are recalled. All types of habituated tissues examined in the literature share at least three common biochemical characteristics: low apparent peroxidase activity, high content of polyamines (PAs) and low production of ethylene.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide inhibits the cyclooxygenase pathway of rat cerebral microvessels.

The presence of nerve endings containing pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) around cerebral microvessels suggests that these peptides have regulatory roles in the cerebral microcirculation. Prostanoids synthesized by the cerebrovascular endothelium have a determining role in the regulation of the brain circulation. In the present study, the effects of PACAP and VIP on the cyclooxygenase pathway of cerebral microvessels were investigated.

Involvement of indole-3-acetic acid in the circadian growth of the first internode of Arabidopsis.

The extension rate of the first inflorescence node of Arabidopsis was measured during light/dark or continuous light exposure and was found to exhibit oscillations which showed a circadian rhythmicity. Decapitation induced a strong inhibition of stem extension. Subsequent application of IAA restored growth and the associated extension-rate oscillations.

Cytological comparison of leaves and stems of Prunus avium L. shoots cultured on a solid medium with agar or gelrite.

An axillary proliferating clone of Prunus avium L. was subcultured every four weeks on solid MS medium with agar as the gelling agent. Vitrification (hyperhydricity) of shoots was induced in one four week cycle with the same medium except that agar was replaced by gelrite.

Effects of a mechanical stimulation of localization of annexin-like proteins in Bryonia dioica internodes.

Mechanical stimulation exerted by rubbing a young internode of Bryonia dioica plants inhibits its growth. Previous cellular and biochemical studies showed that this growth inhibition is associated with Ca(2+) redistribution and profound modifications of plasma membrane characteristics. We extracted and purified Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins from B.

Changes in the concentrations of auxins and polyamines during rooting of in-vitro-propagated walnut shoots.

Rooting was induced in in-vitro-propagated walnut (Juglans regia L.) shoots by subculturing the shoots on rooting medium containing agar and 3 mg l(-1) indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for 7 days in darkness. Changes in the concentrations of endogenous free indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-acetylaspartic acid (IAAsp) and free polyamines were determined during culture on root-inducing medium.

M-ESLON(R) (retard release morphine sulphate capsules) for Pain Control in Cancer Patients.

The pain of patients who were in the terminal phase of advanced malignant tumors was successfully relieved by M-ESLON(R) capsules of controlled release morphine sulphate (10 30 60 100 mg). The most frequent side effects (sickness, vomiting, obstipation) were effectively controlled. The concentration of the drug in the plasma was stable, therefore the lasting pain relief was ensured.

Cytological indication of the involvement of calcium and calcium-related proteins in the early responses of Bryonia dioica to mechanical stimulus.

The distribution of membrane-bound calcium, activated calmodulin, and callose synthesis was visualized in Bryonia dioica internodes before and after mechanical stimulus, using fluorescent probes, respectively, chlorotetracycline, fluphenazine, and aniline blue. Bright chlorotetracycline fluorescence remains localized in the plasma membrane of control cells, 30 s after stimulation calcium left the plasmalemma. A delocalization of activated calmodulin was observed after wounding and deposition of callose, which could not be detected before, appeared in the same times in most cells.

First-line nurse administrators in academe: how are they prepared, what do they do, and will they stay in their jobs?

This article examines the role characteristics, responsibilities, and anticipated career patterns of first-line nurse administrators employed in university-based nursing education programs throughout the nation. First-line administration is the first level on the administrative ladder, and these administrators are most frequently entitled department chairpersons; division, program, and level directors; or coordinators. This was an exploratory and descriptive research project, and the questions addressed were (1) How are first-line nurse administrators in academe formally educated and informally prepared for their administrative role? (2) What are the administrative competencies important for this administrative role? (3) What strains, conflicts, and work overload are associated with the first-line administrative role, and what strategies are used to cope? (4) What do these administrators anticipate as a career pattern in administration based on their experiences as first-line administrators? Fifty-six first-line nurse administrators were interviewed from 42 schools of nursing that offer both bachelor's degree and graduate nursing programs.

Masking in plants.

Circadian rhythms in plants are liable to masking, i.e. alterations by environmental influencing agents.

Sequential rooting media and rooting capacity of Sequoiadendron giganteum in vitro. Peroxidase activity as a marker.

The rooting capacities of tips of seedling, juvenile and mature shoots of Sequoiadendron giganteum were compared on different rooting media (inductive and expressive media) after passage on an elongating medium. None of the cuttings rooted when continuously kept on medium containing the auxin NAA and vitamin D2. Peroxidase activity of all those cuttings on NAA+D2 first increased during the 7-9 first days and decreased in the days after.

Auxin-polyamine interaction with the calcium-controlled secretion of peroxidase by sugarbeet cells.

Spermidine and ornithine given to normal auxin-requiring cell suspensions of sugarbeet inhibited peroxidase secretion in the absence of Ca(2+). Habituated (organogenic or not) cells did not respond. Both compounds counteracted the Ca(2+) - promoted enzyme secretion by three cell lines.

Effect of Lithium on Thigmomorphogenesis in Bryonia dioica Ethylene Production and Sensitivity.

Rubbing internodes of Bryonia dioica plants reduced their ethylene production but increased their capacity to convert 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene. These results were explained by the previously shown rubbing-induced decrease of indoleacetic acid, which controls the level of ACC synthase, and by the increase of membrane-associated peroxidases which would participate in the conversion of ACC-ethylene. Pretreatment of the plants with Li had no significant effect on control plants but counteracted the rubbing-induced decrease of ethylene production and diminished the capacity of the internodes to convert ACC to ethylene.

Changes in isoperoxidases during shoot formation in tobacco callus.

Shoot formation in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) callus is accompanied by an increase in peroxidase activity which takes a form similar to a sigmoid curve. The "stationary" phase coincides with the period of organ formation.

[Peroxidases of high molecular weight identified as the membrane peroxidases in lentils].

Peroxidases extracted from lentil roots are separated in two peaks by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-100 or on Bio Gel A-5 M. On both resins, the first peak of extremely large molecular weight is demonstrated to be an association of some peroxidases with microsomes. These enzymes can be detached from membranes by NaCl.

Hormonal control of isoperoxidases in lentil embryonic axis.

Detachment of the cotyledons from the lentil (Lens culinaris Med.) embryonic axis causes in the latter an increase in total peroxidase activity which is shown to be due to enhancement of specific cathodic isoperoxidases. Kinetin treatment of attached or detached axes promotes activity of essentially the same cathodic isoperoxidases.