In vitro prebiotic activity of rhLf and galactooligosaccharides on infant intestinal microbiota.

Objective: human lactoferrin (Lf) and human milk oligosaccharides possess a wide range of functions. So, the present study focusses on the role of Lf and/or galactooligosaccharides (GOS) in the modulation of gut microbiota composition. Methods: recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLf) was added to the first infant formula (0.

[Anti-inflammatory effect of milk whey from different species after in vitro digestion].

Introduction: there is a close relationship between obesity, gut health and immune system. A low-grade of inflammation, which could precede obesity, may have implications for the development of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Objective: analyzing the anti-inflammatory capacity of several types of whey (cow, sheep, goat and a mixture of them).

In vitro digestion effect on CCK and GLP-1 release and antioxidant capacity of some plant-based milk substitutes.

Recently, plant-based milk substitutes, as an emerging industry, are receiving more attention. Despite that, these dairy alternatives have not been adequately studied for their functional properties. Thus, the current research was devoted to study the satiety potential through in vitro secretion of cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and the antioxidant capacity of these dairy alternatives after in vitro digestion.

Valorization of Citrus Co-Products: Recovery of Bioactive Compounds and Application in Meat and Meat Products.

Citrus fruits (orange, lemon, mandarin, and grapefruit) are one of the most extensively cultivated crops. Actually, fresh consumption far exceeds the demand and, subsequently, a great volume of the production is destined for the citrus-processing industries, which produce a huge quantity of co-products. These co-products, without proper treatment and disposal, might cause severe environmental problems.

Effect of Gazpacho, Hummus and Ajoblanco on Satiety and Appetite in Adult Humans: A Randomised Crossover Study.

Nowadays, overweight and obesity has reached an epidemic level around the world. With the aim to tackle them, an interesting strategy is the study of food and ingredients with satiety properties. In addition to reducing food and/or calorie intake, this type of foods must be included as part of a healthy diet.

Occurrence of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile in Poultry Giblets at Slaughter and in Retail Pork and Poultry Meat in Southeastern Spain.

Abstract: Raw meat and meat products contaminated with Clostridioides difficile could be a vehicle for spreading community-associated C. difficile infection. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence of C.

Screening ultrafiltration membranes to separate lactose and protein from sheep whey: application of simplified model.

Several studies demonstrated that protein from whey milk could be a new strategy to reduce energy intake and increase satiety. Sheep whey has high protein content, but it is also rich in lactose. The aim of this study was to screening different ultrafiltration membranes to separate protein and lactose from sheep whey in one step.

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Regular Consumption of Cooked Ham Enriched with Dietary Phenolics in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Oxidative damage and chronic inflammation have been proven as one of the major factors associated with obesity, which increases the incidence of non-communicable chronic diseases. In this sense, the development of new functional products aiming at the palliation of oxidative stress and inflammatory disruption can be a determining factor for public health as seen in previous researches. In this study, a blend of potentially bioavailable dietary phenolics was added to low sodium and low-fat cooked ham.

In Vitro Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolism by Cooked Cowpea and Black Bean.

Legumes are a rich source of a wide range of compounds that may represent an important tool to overcome gut dysbiosis. In this work, the prebiotic potential of two cooked legumes (cowpea and black bean) was investigated in comparison with potato:beef mixture, as substrates in batch faecal culture fermentation. Prior to the fermentation, all the samples were in vitro digested, passing through three phases, namely mouth, gastric and small intestine simulation, and then in vitro fermented for 6, 24 and 48 h.

Nondigestible Carbohydrates Affect Metabolic Health and Gut Microbiota in Overweight Adults after Weight Loss.

Background: The composition of diets consumed following weight loss (WL) can have a significant impact on satiety and metabolic health.

Objective: This study was designed to test the effects of including a nondigestible carbohydrate to achieve weight maintenance (WM) following a period of WL.

Methods: Nineteen volunteers [11 females and 8 males, aged 20-62 y; BMI (kg/m2): 27-42] consumed a 3-d maintenance diet (15%:30%:55%), followed by a 21-d WL diet (WL; 30%:30%:40%), followed by 2 randomized 10-d WM diets (20%:30%:50% of energy from protein:fat:carbohydrate) containing either resistant starch type 3 (RS-WM; 22 or 26 g/d for females and males, respectively) or no RS (C-WM) in a within-subject crossover design without washout periods.

Presence of toxigenic in edible bivalve mollusks in Spain.

reservoirs other than humans are becoming increasingly recognized, and the occurrence of the pathogen in shellfish raises concern because spores can survive cooking temperature and edible bivalve mollusks are often consumed raw or poorly cooked. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence of pathogenic in retail bivalve mollusks. The microbiological quality of samples was also checked through the isolation of spp.

Effect of Specimen Type and Processing on the Detection of in Piglet Fecal Samples.

Subclinical colonization in piglets could be a potential source of this bacterium for community-acquired infection. The purposes of this study were to assess the effect of specimen type and processing on isolation, culture, and detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and to determine the occurrence of in piglets of different ages. We compared different culture procedures-direct plating, ethanol shock, and an enrichment step-to isolate from swine feces and rectal swabs.

In vitro effectiveness of recombinant human lactoferrin and its hydrolysate in alleviating LPS-induced inflammatory response.

This study aimed to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory role of the most produced form of lactoferrin expressed in various expression systems (Fe-saturated recombinant human Lf, rhLf) and its hydrolysate in concentrations resembles that found in mature human milk. Co-culture model consisted of CaCo-2 and RAW 246.7 cell lines was used to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory activity of rhLf and its hydrolysate.

A review of Clostridioides [Clostridium] difficile occurrence through the food chain.

The epidemiology and transmission of Clostridioides difficile, particularly for community-associated infections, are not completely understood. Although there have been no confirmed cases of any foodborne disease caused by C. difficile, its occurrence in livestock and foods suggests that contaminated food products with spores could be a vehicle to spread C.

Effect of different concentrations of pulverized mesocarp of Macf on the morphology and glass transition temperature of spray-dried lemon juice powder.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of pulverized mesocarp of Macf as a drying aid, on morphology, particle size and glass transition temperature of spray-dried lemon juice powder. Five concentrations of grapefruit mesocarp (0.4%, 0.

In vitro effect of green tea and turmeric extracts on GLP-1 and CCK secretion: the effect of gastrointestinal digestion.

Plant extract activity can be modified by the digestion process. In order to assess the satiety effect of green tea and turmeric extracts, an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion process was performed and the STC-1 cell line was used. The enteroendocrine cell line was incubated (for 30, 60 and 120 minutes) with the digested and non-digested extracts measuring the secretion of cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Effect of different concentrations of pulverized mesocarp of Macf. on the bromatological characteristics of spray-dried lemon juice powder.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of pulverized mesocarp of Macf. as a drying aid on the bromatological characteristics and yield of spray-dried lemon juice powder. Five concentrations of grapefruit mesocarp encapsulant (0.

Food neophobia, Mediterranean diet adherence and acceptance of healthy foods prepared in gastronomic workshops by Spanish students.

Introduction: food neophobia can affect dietary variety and hedonic acceptance due to rejection of healthy foods.

Objective: to evaluate the impact of dietary neophobia on adherence to the Mediterranean diet and on the hedonic acceptance of healthy foods made in gastronomic workshops by schoolchildren.

Methodology: descriptive cross-sectional study of Primary (8-11) and Secondary (12-18) schoolchildren from Murcia, Spain, participating in gastronomic workshops, where two recipes were prepared and tasted (vegetables + blue fish and fruits).

Critical overview of current anthropometric methods in comparison with a new index to make early detection of overweight in Spanish university students: the normalized weight-adjusted index.

Background: overweight and obesity have been increasing, and university students are an important target for prevention programs. Previous studies have reported differences in the diagnosis between different anthropometric methods, so some students can be misclassified depending on the method used.

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of different anthropometric methods to detect those university students in a probable status of overweight, including a comparison with a new proposed method, the normalized weight-adjusted index (NWAI).

[Degree of malnutrition and its relationship with major structural and eating factors in Honduran preschool population. Prevalence of breastfeeding].

Introduction: Child malnutrition remains a serious public health problem in Honduras, with a national prevalence according to the World Health Organization (WHO) reference values of 29% in children under fi ve. In addition, the average chronic malnutrition in the region amounts to 80% in poor and indigenous communities, making Honduras the second country in Central America with the highest incidence of chronic malnutrition. Another problem of the region is the early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding: only 29.

[Contribution of bioavailable iron and zinc to the diet of Honduran children under 24 month].

Objective: In the present study we analyzed 18 baby food (10 made from traditional Honduran recipes, and 8 industrial baby food sold in that country) involving the staple food of Honduran excluded infants breast milk and infant formulas. Material and methods: The content and bioaccesibility (soluble and dialysable fractions) of Fe and Zn were determined. For thisin vitro gastrointestinal digestion in a first phase of gastric digestion (pepsin) followed by a second phase of intestinal digestion (with pancreatin and bile salts) was simulated.

Sensory Acceptability of Infant Cereals with Whole Grain in Infants and Young Children.

In many countries, infant cereals are one of the first foods introduced during the complementary feeding stage. These cereals are usually made with refined cereal flours, even though several health benefits have been linked to the intake of whole grain cereals. Prior evidence suggests that food preferences are developed at early stages of life, and may persist in later childhood and adulthood.

Effect of in Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion on Encapsulated and Nonencapsulated Phenolic Compounds of Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Pulp Extracts and Their Antioxidant Capacity.

To determine the effect of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the release and antioxidant capacity of encapsulated and nonencapsulated phenolics carob pulp extracts, unripe and ripe carob pulp extracts were microencapsulated with polycaprolactone via double emulsion/solvent evaporation technique. Microcapsules' characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry analysis. Total phenolics and flavonoids content and antioxidant activities (ORAC, DPPH, and FRAP) were evaluated after each digestion step.

Satiety Innovations: Food Products to Assist Consumers with Weight Loss, Evidence on the Role of Satiety in Healthy Eating: Overview and In Vitro Approximation.

The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing globally, driven by the availability of energy-dense palatable foods. Most dietary strategies fail because of hunger generated by calorie restriction, and interventions that specifically control hunger and/or promote fullness may aid success. Current consumers have a limited choice of satiety-enhancing products with proven health benefits, and innovative ways to produce new foods (as structural modification) to enhance satiety/satiation may provide new opportunities.

[Estimation of the daily nutrients distribution in the Spanish standard diet].

Based on the raw data from the Spanish intake, have made the necessary changes and groupings to establish nutritional content per serving as percentages, regarding the total daily intake of each individual surveyed (n = 3000). Also, it was found the effect of the rating factors (sex, age and location) on the distribution of these percentages. The result indicates that individuals below 25 year should be considered as different groups, front those above that age; and locality effect (treated as random factor rather than fixed) causes differences in the distribution of nutrients between food daily intakes.