Mutations of the VCORC1 Gene of Resistance to Anticoagulants in Synanthropic Rodents in Urbanized Areas of Russia.

This is the first study to analyze the variability of two exons (the 1st and 3rd) of the VCORC1 gene in Russian populations of mice and rats, namely, 125 Mus musculus and 19 Rattus norvegicus captured in 13 settlements. Previously, it has been shown that a number of mutations in these exons in the countries of Western Europe are associated with resistance to anticoagulants in synanthropic rodents. We did not find such mutations in house mice in Russia.

Author Correction: Chronicles of nature calendar, a long-term and large-scale multitaxon database on phenology.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Chronicles of nature calendar, a long-term and large-scale multitaxon database on phenology.

We present an extensive, large-scale, long-term and multitaxon database on phenological and climatic variation, involving 506,186 observation dates acquired in 471 localities in Russian Federation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan. The data cover the period 1890-2018, with 96% of the data being from 1960 onwards. The database is rich in plants, birds and climatic events, but also includes insects, amphibians, reptiles and fungi.

Brown bear attacks on humans: a worldwide perspective.

The increasing trend of large carnivore attacks on humans not only raises human safety concerns but may also undermine large carnivore conservation efforts. Although rare, attacks by brown bears Ursus arctos are also on the rise and, although several studies have addressed this issue at local scales, information is lacking on a worldwide scale. Here, we investigated brown bear attacks (n = 664) on humans between 2000 and 2015 across most of the range inhabited by the species: North America (n = 183), Europe (n = 291), and East (n = 190).

Global population collapse in a superabundant migratory bird and illegal trapping in China.

Persecution and overexploitation by humans are major causes of species extinctions. Rare species, often confined to small geographic ranges, are usually at highest risk, whereas extinctions of superabundant species with very large ranges are rare. The Yellow-breasted Bunting (Emberiza aureola) used to be one of the most abundant songbirds of the Palearctic, with a very large breeding range stretching from Scandinavia to the Russian Far East.

Coumarin derivatives enhance the chemiluminescence accompanying lipid peroxidation.

The effect of laser dyes, derivatives of 1,2-benzopyrone (coumarin), on the chemiluminescence (CL) accompanying Fe(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liposomes prepared from egg yolk phospholipids has been investigated. It was found that quinolizin (9a,9,1-gh)-substituted coumarins enhanced CL at the stages of "fast" and "slow" flashes (abbreviated as FF and SF, respectively), which are known to accompany lipid hydroperoxide decomposition (FF) and chain LPO reaction development (SF). On the other hand, these compounds did not virtually change the shape of CL curve (in particular, lag phase duration) and accumulation of the LPO products reacting with 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBARS).

[Inhibition of thrombocyte aggregation by antioxidants].

The effects of antioxidants (3-hydroxypyridines, 5-hydroxypyrimidines, hindered phenols) on platelet aggregation were studied. All the compounds under study possessed low anti-aggregation activity against indometacin-sensitive aggregation (activation with arachidonic acid, 50 M). Half-maximal inhibition of aggregation was achieved at a concentration similar to that of the compounds used (10(-3) M in cases of indomethacin-insensitive aggregation, platelet activation by thrombine 1.