Biomedical Application Prospects of Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles for Regenerative Medicine.

Background/objectives: The aim was to study the possibilities of biomedical application of gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (GdO NPs) synthesized under industrial conditions, and evaluate their physicochemical properties, redox activity, biological activity, and safety using different human cell lines.

Methods: The powder of GdO NPs was obtained by a process of thermal decomposition of gadolinium carbonate precipitated from nitrate solution, and was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX). The redox activity of different concentrations of GdO NPs was studied by the optical spectroscopy (OS) method in the photochemical degradation process of methylene blue dye upon irradiation with an optical source.

Development of Technology for the Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Cerium Oxide Under Production Conditions with the Best Regenerative Activity and Biocompatibility for Further Creation of Wound-Healing Agents.

The issue of effective wound healing remains highly relevant. The objective of the study is to develop an optimal method for the synthesis of nanosized cerium oxide powder obtained via the thermal decomposition of cerium carbonate precipitated from aqueous nitrate solution for the technical creation of new drugs in production conditions; the select modification of synthesis under different conditions based on the evaluation of the physicochemical characteristics of the obtained material and its biological activity, and an evaluation of the broad-spectrum effect on cells involved in the regeneration of skin structure as well as antimicrobial properties. Several modes of the industrial synthesis of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) were carried out.

[Endoscopic vacuum therapy in minimally invasive treatment of esophageal perforations].

Objective: To compare the results of endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) and open surgery for esophageal perforations.

Material And Methods: The study included 60 patients with esophageal perforations between 2010 and 2022. The main group included 29 patients who underwent minimally invasive treatment with EVT, the control group - 31 patients after open surgical interventions.

[Endoscopic treatment of bronchial complications after lung transplantation].

Objective: To analyze the incidence and structure of bronchial complications following lung transplantation and evaluate an effectiveness of endoscopic treatment of these events.

Material And Methods: The study enrolled 50 patients after bilateral lung transplantation (24 men and 26 women). Mean age of patients was 35.

Indium iodide single crystal: breakthrough material for infrared acousto-optics.

Measurements of the refractive indices and the full set of longitudinal acousto-optical figures of merit in an orthorhombic single-crystal indium iodide (InI) were carried out. The high acousto-optic characteristics ( up to 1100×10) and strong optical anisotropy (=0.47) make it possible to design various types of high-performance acousto-optic devices of the middle and far-infrared spectral range.

[Difficulties of differential diagnosis and treatment of achalasia cardia after previous hiatal hernia repair].

Esophagocardiomyotomy followed by anterior fundoplication is a standard treatment of achalasia cardia, whereas cruroraphy with complete or partial posterior fundoplication is carried out for hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The most common postoperative complications of hiatal hernia repair are dysphagia due to malformed cuff, phenomenon of 'telescope' and slow gastric emptying syndrome. Recurrent hiatal hernia is observed in 3-15% of cases.

[Esophageal achalasia].

Prevalence, clinical manifestations and of modern classifications of achalasia are reviewed in the article. Diagnosis and treatment of this pathology were analyzed by using of 58 references.

[Enteral tube feeding in adult patients with cystic fibrosis and respiratory failure].

Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of nocturnal hyperalimentation in adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and respiratory failure.

Subjects And Methods: The investigation enrolled 17 patients older than 18 years (mean age, 25.6±4.

[The features of diagnosis and treatment of traumatic and non-traumatic pulmonary bleeding].

Aim: To analyze an efficacy of differentiated approach for pulmonary bleeding of different etiology and severity.

Material And Methods: The study included 134 cases of pulmonary bleeding for the period 2006-2015 including 53 patients with traumatic and 81 with non-traumatic etiology. Men/women ratio was 2.

[Study into ratios of mineral metabolism in patients of different age groups suffering from osteoarthritis of the knee].

A study has been made into indicators of electrolyte composition and phosphatase activity of blood serum, urine and synovial fluid of the patients belonging to different age groups and going through compensated, subcompensated and decompensated stages of osteoarthritis of the knee. Changes in parameters of mineral metabolism have been detected related to the progress of the disease. The most obvious alteration was discovered in patients of the second age group having the subcompensated osteoarthritis stage.

Endoscopic findings following retroperitoneal pancreas transplantation.

Aim: An evaluation of the efficacy of endoscopic methods for the diagnosis and correction of surgical and immunological complications after retroperitoneal pancreas transplantation.

Materials And Methods: From October 2011 to March 2015, 27 patients underwent simultaneous retroperitoneal pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT). Diagnostic oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with protocol biopsy of the donor and recipient duodenal mucosa and endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) were performed to detect possible complications.

[Absence of postoperative pulmonary impermeability in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax].

Aim: to improve treatment of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax who had not postoperative pulmonary impermeability.

Material And Methods: 87 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax underwent videothoracoscopy (VTS), lung resection supplemented by pleurodesis (parietal pleurectomy or pleural abrasion). Absence of pulmonary impermeability was observed in 5 (5.

[NON-NEOPLASTIC KIDNEY PATHOLOGY IN SPECIMENS AFTER TUMOR-RELATED NEPHRECTOMY].

The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of pathological changes in the unaffected parts of tumor-related nephrectomy specimens. Tissue samples obtained from 507 patients were analyzed. Non-neoplastic pathology in the tumor-free kidney tissue along with the tumor was detected in 63 (12.

[The effectiveness of the valve bronchial occlusion in case of bronchopleural fistulas].

The experience of endobronchial valve «Medlung" installation in 24 patients with bronchopleural fistula was summarized in the article. In 18 (75%) patients the cause of bronchopleural fistula was purulent - destructive processes in the lungs, including the associated trauma in 4 (22.2%) patients, pneumonia in 14 (77.

[Endoscopic diagnosis, treatment and prevention of intubation related injuries of the larynx and trachea in neurosurgical patients].

The goal of the study was to assess of efficacy of endoscopic diagnosis, prevention and treatment of intubation related larynx and tracheal injuries in patients with acute neurosurgical pathology and prolonged mechanical ventilation. 199 patients with different neurosurgical pathology were enrolled in the study group. Mean age was 50 +/- 14.

[Pulmonary and pleural complications of the descending aorta surgery].

The experience of surgical treatment of 84 patients with diseases of the descending thoracic aorta was analyzed. Frequency and structure of pleura-pulmonary complications after reconstructive surgery of the descending aorta were thoroughly registered. 58.

[Treatment of septic complications of thoracic injuries].

Treatment results of 77 patients with suppurative lung complications after injuries (n=22) and closed thoracic trauma (n=55) were analyzed. It was registered, that purulent process in lung was typical for the cases with direct primary lung tissue injury: 72.7% of patients with penetrating thoracic injuries and 83.

[The dispensarization of children of early age in rural area].

The study was implemented in 2008-2010. The research base consisted of three rural areas of the Republic of Dagestan. The quality of dispensarization of children studied according the expertise of 912 records of child development.

[Molecular mechanisms of genetic damages of the myocardium in cardiomyopathy].

The review highlighted problems of reorganization of myocardical contractile and cytoskeletal proteins in cardiomyopathy (CM). The role of the genetic factors coding contractile proteins, proteins of thin and thick filaments, and also extracellular matrix proteins in processes of formation and development of hypertrophic (HCM) and dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathy are analyzed. The mechanisms responsible for the changes in cardiac proteins on regulation involved into force generation, its transfer, recycling ATP, impairments in transmembranal signals, that finally lead to cardiac cell dysfunction determining various manifestations of CM are considered.

[Comparative morphological characteristic of immune deficiency in subjects with opioid addiction and chronic alcoholic intoxication].

The objective of the present study was to analyse changes of morphological properties in the organs of immune and endocrine systems in subjects with opioid addiction and chronic alcoholic intoxication (CAI) based on the results of 322 autopsies. These included 190 cases of drug addiction from 0.5 to 10.

[The morphology of the immune system in opiomania, cannabism, and polynarcotism].

The organs of the immune system were morphologically and immunohistochemically studied in chronic opiomania (n = 219), cannabism (n = 22), and polynarcotism (n = 69) after excluding HIV-infected patients. In opiomania, immune disorders were identified in 98.6% of cases.

[The role of changes of matrix metalloproteinase in cardiovascular diseases].

The review summarizes information about changes of extracellular matrix (ECM) in cardiovascular diseases. Special attention is paid to different groups of extra cellular matrix proteins (collagen I and III type, fibronectine) in the development of cardiac fibrosis in chronic heart failure. The role of matrix metalloproteinases in degradation of components of ECM is analyzed.

[Change blood supply of a pancreas after a resection of a stomach in conditions of a chronic pancreatitis].

The aim of this study was to determine the role of stomach resection in the pathogenesis of a chronic pancreatitis. Experiments were carried on 14 outbred dogs. The animals were categorized into two groups according to problem put by.