Complex adaptive systems-based framework for modeling the health impacts of climate change.

Introduction: Climate change is a global phenomenon with far-reaching consequences, and its impact on human health is a growing concern. The intricate interplay of various factors makes it challenging to accurately predict and understand the implications of climate change on human well-being. Conventional methodologies have limitations in comprehensively addressing the complexity and nonlinearity inherent in the relationships between climate change and health outcomes.

Planetary health & COVID-19: A multi-perspective investigation.

COVID-19 can be characterized as an outcome of degraded planetary health drivers in complex systems and has wide-reaching implications in social, economic and environmental realms. To understand the drivers of planetary health that have influences of emergence and spread of COVID-19 and their implications for sustainability systems thinking and a narrative literature review are deployed. In particular, sixteen planetary health drivers are identified, i.

COVID-19's implications on agri-food systems and human health in Bangladesh.

The COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh has put agri-food systems and resultant human health under serious pressure and this has thus become a priority concern for the country and its development partners. To understand, describe and analyse the impacts of COVID-19 on agri-food systems, human health issues and related SDGs, this study used systematic rapid literature review, analysis of blogs and news and engagement with key informants. The analysis reveals impacts that can be addressed through a set of recommendations for a coordinated effort to minimize the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on agri-food systems and related health issues in Bangladesh.

Emerging health risks associated with modern agriculture practices: a comprehensive study in India.

In order to enhance food production, India has adopted modern agriculture practices and achieved noteworthy success. This achievement was essentially the result of a paradigm shift in agriculture that included high inputs of agrochemicals, water, and widespread practice of monoculture, as well as bureaucratic changes that promoted these changes. There are very few comprehensive analyses of potential adverse health outcomes that may be related to these changes.

Degradation of the pesticide fenitrothion as mediated by cationic surfactants and alpha-nucleophilic reagents.

The reaction of fenitrothion with a series of alpha-nucleophile oximates having pK(a) values in the range of 7.7-11.8 was studied both in the absence and presence of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA(+)) surfactants.

Micellar catalyzed degradation of fenitrothion, an organophosphorus pesticide, in solution and soils.

We report on a study of the decomposition of fenitrothion (an organophosphorus pesticide that is a persistent contaminant in soils and groundwater) as catalyzed by cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) micelles. The CTA micelles were associated with two types of counterions: (1) inert counterions (e.g.

Acceleration of nucleophilic attack on an organophosphorothioate neurotoxin, fenitrothion, by reactive counterion cationic micelles. Regioselectivity as a probe of substrate orientation within the micelle.

31P NMR and UV-vis spectrometric evidence has revealed an unexpected regioselectivity in the reaction of fenitrothion, 1, an organophosphorus pesticide, with the cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA) surfactants CTAOH and CTAMINA, that incorporate the reactive counterions OH- and MINA- (the anti-pyruvaldehyde 1-oximate anion). While both micellar solutions accelerate decomposition of 1 compared to aqueous OH- alone, CTAMINA produced the largest rate enhancement (ca. 10(5)) at a pH (8.

Effects of raw water conditions on solution-state aluminum speciation during coagulant dilution.

The speciation of aluminum in solutions of alum and various prehydrolyzed, aluminum-based water treatment coagulants was investigated by 27Al NMR at 5 degrees C and 25 degrees C. Alum solutions were seen to contain only mononuclear species including an AlSO4(+) complex, while the prehydrolyzed coagulant solutions contained polynuclear aluminum species, as well. The relative proportions of both polynuclear species and AlSO4(+) complex decreased in cold water.

Degradation and sorption of pirimiphos-methyl in two Nigerian soils.

This research is a continuation of a study on the behavior of hydrophobic organic compounds in the environment and describes the simultaneous abiotic degradation and sorption of pirimiphos-methyl (O-2-diethylamino-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl O,O-dimethylphosphorothioate) under controlled conditions in soil/water slurries. A microfiltration-HPLC technique was employed to follow these processes in two well-characterized soils from the Middle Belt region of Nigeria. Rapid sorption of the pesticide occurs during the first 10 min of equilibration and accounted for 37% of the original pirimiphos-methyl in the Rhodic Kandiustalf soil and for 41% of the original concentration in Aquic Ustropept soil.