Emergency department security: a call for reassessment.

Numerous articles tell of the security breaches hospital emergency rooms face on a daily basis. The recent events of September 11 th have further complicated these breaches, and have shed new light on previously ignored issues surrounding bioterrorism. In previous disaster scenarios there has been a "script" to follow; however bioterrorism follows no script and presents a host of new security issues.

Spirituality and effective leadership in healthcare: is there a connection?

Does the level of a leader's spirituality affect his or her effectiveness as a leader? The existence or nonexistence of a link between leadership and spirituality is an emerging issue in the healthcare leadership and management literature. This article defines effective leadership and spirituality and reviews the literature for both healthcare and other organizations in the discussion of this link. It concludes that healthcare leaders who are more developed in terms of their actualized spirituality simultaneously implement the five practices of effective leaders: challenge the process, inspire a shared vision, enable others to act, model the way, and encourage the heart.