Shared decision-making conversations and smoking cessation interventions: critical components of low-dose CT lung cancer screening programs.

Lung cancer remains the world's deadliest cancer despite efforts to decrease smoking rates. Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) was shown to reduce lung cancer deaths by 20%. Screening with LDCT comes with potential harms including a high rate of false-positive test results, subsequent follow-up procedures, and radiation exposure.

Histone H4 Facilitates the Proteolysis of the Budding Yeast CENP-ACse4 Centromeric Histone Variant.

The incorporation of histone variants into nucleosomes can alter chromatin-based processes. CENP-A is the histone H3 variant found exclusively at centromeres that serves as an epigenetic mark for centromere identity and is required for kinetochore assembly. CENP-A mislocalization to ectopic sites appears to contribute to genomic instability, transcriptional misregulation, and tumorigenesis, so mechanisms exist to ensure its exclusive localization to centromeres.

The FACT complex interacts with the E3 ubiquitin ligase Psh1 to prevent ectopic localization of CENP-A.

Centromere identity and its epigenetic maintenance require the incorporation of a histone H3 variant called CENP-A at centromeres. CENP-A mislocalization to ectopic sites may disrupt chromatin-based processes and chromosome segregation, so it is important to uncover the mechanisms by which this variant is exclusively localized to centromeres. Here, we identify a role for the conserved chromatin-modifying complex FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription/transactions) in preventing budding yeast CENP-A(Cse4) mislocalization to euchromatin by mediating its proteolysis.

Caenorhabditis elegans cyclin B3 is required for multiple mitotic processes including alleviation of a spindle checkpoint-dependent block in anaphase chromosome segregation.

The master regulators of the cell cycle are cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), which influence the function of a myriad of proteins via phosphorylation. Mitotic Cdk1 is activated by A-type, as well as B1- and B2-type, cyclins. However, the role of a third, conserved cyclin B family member, cyclin B3, is less well defined.